Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 3-year follow-up of 116 schoolgirls with asymptomatic bacteriuria, treated or untreated is reported. It is concluded that bacteria isolated from girls with asymptomatic bacteriuria do not commonly cause symptomatic pyelonephritis and that the risk of developing renal damage as a result of asymptomatic bacteriuria in a schoolgirl with a roentgenographically normal urinary tract seems to be small. It is also suggested that for the majority of these patients therapy is not necessary.
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PMID:Asymptomatic bacteriuria in schoolgirls. VIII. Clinical course during a 3-year follow-up. 34 Jun 26

A 3-year-old boy with mixed glomerular/tubular proteinuria, mental retardation, and hyperkinesis is described. The proteinuria was discovered at the age of 3 years on urinary mass screening. Most of the urinary protein consisted of albumin, accompanied by increases in low molecular weight proteins, including beta 2-microglobulin and alpha 1-microglobulin. Mixed glomerular/tubular proteinuria is known to be caused by the following conditions: chronic renal failure, chronic pyelonephritis, cadmium poisoning, tubulointerstitial nephritis of various etiologies, and after strenuous, short-term, exhaustive exercise. The present patient did not display any of these disorders or conditions.
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PMID:Glomerular/tubular mixed-type proteinuria in a 3-year-old boy with mental retardation and hyperkinesis. 147 31

A 3-year survey of patient referrals and case material in pediatric nephrology is evaluated to provide a data base for future projection of patient needs. In the 3-year period between January 1978 to December 1980, 538 pediatric patients with renal and electrolyte disorders were evaluated and treated. The principle reasons for the referrals were: hematuria (23%), hypertension (5%), nephrotic syndrome (7%), non-acute glomerulopathies (11%), acute glomerulonephritis (3%), fluid-electrolyte disorders (29%), urinary tract infections (6%), and others. Of the 538 patients, 99 underwent percutaneous renal biopsies under ultrasound guidance. The indications and results of the renal biopsies were also reviewed. The accrual of 18 chronic dialysis patients over a 36-month period is analyzed and presented. The ages of the patients were 4 to 16 years. They weighed from 16 to 51 kg. The primary renal diseases were objective uropathy, chronic glomerulonephritis, membrano-proliferative nephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, focal glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis and others. All children, except 9 received kidney transplantations. The annual incidence of end-stage renal failure was 4 per million population.
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PMID:A 3-year survey of referral pattern and case material in pediatric nephrology. 734 35

The relationship between genital tract infection and preterm delivery has been established on the basis of biochemical, microbiological, and clinical evidence. In theory, pathogenic bacteria may ascend from the lower reproductive tract into the uterus, and the resulting inflammation leads to preterm labor, rupture of the membranes, and birth. A growing body of evidence suggests that preterm labor and/rupture of the membranes are triggered by micro-organisms in the genital tract and by the host response to these organisms, ie, elaboration of cytokines and proteolytic enzymes. Epidemiologic and in vitro studies do not prove a cause-and-effect relationship between infection and preterm birth. However, the preponderance of evidence indicates that treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria and symptomatic lower genital tract infections such as bacterial vaginosis (BV), trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia will lower the risk of preterm delivery. Based on current evidence, pregnant women who note an abnormal vaginal discharge should be tested for BV, trichomonas, gonorrhea, and chlamydia. Those who test positive should be treated appropriately. A 3- to 7-day course of antibiotic treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy is clinically indicated to reduce the risk of pyelonephritis and preterm delivery. Routine screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea should be performed for women at high risk of acquiring sexually transmitted diseases. The practice of routine screening for BV in asymptomatic women who are at low risk for preterm delivery cannot be supported based on evidence from the literature. Routine screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy is cost-effective, particularly in high-prevalence populations. The results of antibiotic trials for the treatment of preterm labor have been inconsistent. In the absence of reasonable evidence that antimicrobial therapy leads to significant prolongation of pregnancy in the setting of preterm labor, antibiotics should be used only for protecting the neonate from group B streptococci sepsis. They should not be used for the purpose of prolonging pregnancy. Multiple investigations have shown that, in patients with preterm premature rupture of the membranes, prophylactic antibiotics are of value in prolonging the latent period between rupture of the membranes and onset of labor and in reducing the incidence of maternal and neonatal infection. The most extensively tested effective antibiotic regimen for prophylaxis involves erythromycin alone or in combination with ampicilln. Controversy still exists regarding the appropriate length and route of antibiotic prophylaxis.
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PMID:Infection, antibiotics, and preterm delivery. 1170 17

Nineteen cattle with pyelonephritis were examined sonographically. A 3.5- and 5.0-MHz convex transducer was used for percutaneous and a 5.5-MHz linear scanner for transrectal examination. Ultrasonographic changes included enlarged kidneys, echogenic material, and flocculent fluid within a dilated and deformed renal sinus and a poor cortical medullary differentiation. Azotemia was detected in 10 and hematuria and proteinuria in all animals. Microbial culture revealed Corynebacterium renale in eight and Escherichia coli in five cattle. Sonography supplemented the clinical examination and clinicopathological analysis by providing additional information on renal disease in these patients.
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PMID:Sonographic application in the diagnosis of pyelonephritis in cattle. 1723 64

A 3-year-old male castrated domestic shorthair cat was presented with an acute history of lethargy and decreased appetite. Pertinent physical examination abnormalities included palpable irregularity of the right kidney and pain on palpation of the left kidney. Ultrasonographic imaging of the abdomen revealed gas present at the corticomedullary junction of the left kidney, consistent with emphysematous pyelonephritis, as well as emphysematous cystitis. While quantitative urine culture via pyelocentesis yielded a negative culture, a sample via cystocentesis was positive for Escherichia coli and emphysematous changes were presumed most likely secondary to an ascending infection. The purpose of this report is to describe the temporary management of ureteral obstruction secondary to emphysematous pyelonephritis using a ureteral stent in a cat.
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PMID:Emphysematous pyelonephritis in a domestic shorthair cat. 2630 5