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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Exposure of a large inoculum of Staphylococcus aureus in vitro to concentrations of gentamicin that exceeded the minimal bactericidal concentration regularly resulted in the emergence of aminoglycoside-resistant bacterial variants. Variants lacked typical properties that are associated with S. aureus: they produced small, nonhemolytic colonies that were mostly coagulase-, deoxyribonuclease-, and mannitol-negative. In some instances phage type also differed from that of the parent forms. Animal models of subcutaneous and intravenous infection were studied with use of parent and variant forms of S. aureus. Subcutaneous injection of variants into rats readily produced abscesses, and intravenous inoculation into mice caused pyelonephritis, although in each experimental model in which equivalent bacterial inocula were used, parents produced more extensive disease. These data show that variants of S. aureus cause infection in experimental animals, although these variants appear to be somewhat less virulent than the parents from which they are derived. Preliminary studies in our laboratory have also shown that gentamicin-resistant variants of gram-negative bacilli can be induced by a single in vitro exposure to gentamicin. The virulence of these organisms and their role in antibiotic-susceptibility patterns of hospital flora warrant further investigation.
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PMID:Emergence of variant forms of Staphylococcus aureus after exposure to gentamicin and infectivity of the variants in experimental animals. 90 74

Study of the enzymatic and adhesive properties of E. coli isolated from the urine of children with cystitis has demonstrated that P-fimbriae, DNAase- and phosphatase-positive strains with pronounced hemolyzing and metabolic properties mostly occurred in children with associated cystitis and chronic obstructive pyelonephritis. In children suffering from cystitis, the changes on the part of local immunity manifested by the decrease of the content of SIgG in the urine and by the lack of SIgA1 and SIgA2. In children with a disease standing up to 3 years, the synthesis of IgA turned out dominant in the mucous membrane of the neck of the urinary bladder and in the trigone of the bladder, with IgG and IgM output being less intensive. The authors have proved the efficacy of the treatment with tomicide instilled into the urinary bladder of children suffering from cystitis.
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PMID:[Urinary microflora and the status of local immunity in children with cystitis]. 219 Jan 67

An outbreak of horizontally transmitted malignant lymphoma in an experimental hamster holding facility was previously reported. Retroviridae (oncornavirus) or other conventional oncogenic viruses (oncodnaviruses) could not be detected in these lymphomas by immunological methods, direct isolation procedures or electron microscopy but an infectious agents was clearly involved. The incidence of lymphomas during five recurrent epidemics ranged from 50 to 90% in young, inbred and random-bred Syrian golden hamster exposed. The agent seemed to be resistant to UV inactivation, formaldehyde vapour and other viricidal agents (chlorine and iodine), and stable for long periods in the absence of hamster hosts in the contaminated facility. Associated disease syndromes in exposed hamster included severe enteritis, pyelonephritis, the occasional appearance of warts, poor breeding efficiency and intussusception. We now report the successful, cell-free isolation of an unusual, filterable agent prepared in protamine sulphate buffer from primary and animal-passaged lymphomas, which produces lymphomas with good efficiency when injected subcutaneously (s.c.) into newborn Syrian inbred (LSH) and random-bred (LVG) hamster. The agent could be reisolated from these induced lymphomas and injected into other hamsters to reproduce the neoplastic condition. It showed characteristics suggested for a mammalian viroid (a non-encapsidated, DNase-sensitive low-molecular-weight, disease-causing, self-replicating, naturally infectious nucleic acid).
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PMID:Unusual filterable oncogenic agent isolated from horizontally transmitted Syrian hamster lymphomas. 720 28