Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Microbiological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ) were carried out in the field of pediatrics. Antimicrobial activity The MIC80 of SBT/CPZ was 6.25 micrograms/ml for clinically isolated 24 strains of S. aureus (24 beta-lactamase producing strains), 0.39 micrograms/ml for 17 strains of S. pyogenes, 3.13 micrograms/ml for 24 strains of E. coli (22 beta-lactamase producing strains), 3.13 micrograms/ml for 22 strains of K. pneumoniae (22 beta-lactamase producing strains), 1.56 micrograms/ml for 22 strains of P. mirabilis and 0.20 microgram/ml for 15 strains of H. influenzae (13 beta-lactamase producing strains). In comparison with CPZ in respect to the MIC, SBT/CPZ exhibited synergistic effect on 31 strains out of 81 beta-lactamase producing strains (included 6 strains of S. aureus, 9 of E. coli, 5 of K. pneumoniae and 11 of H. influenzae) which was scarcely observed against 43 non-beta-lactamase producing strains. Absorption and excretion Serum levels and urinary excretion of SBT/CPZ were studied in 7 children aged 5 to 12 years. The mean serum concentration of SBT at 15 minutes following a single intravenous injection of 10 mg/kg of SBT/CPZ was 14.2 micrograms/ml and that of CPZ was 30.4 micrograms/ml. The mean urinary recovery rates at 6 hours following the intravenous injection were 57.8% and 18.3%, respectively. The mean serum concentrations of SBT and CPZ after 1-hour infusion of 10 mg/kg of SBT/CPZ were 10.9 micrograms/ml and 17.6 micrograms/ml, respectively. The urinary recovery rates of SBT and CPZ at 7 hours after the infusion were 100.0% and 27.7% on average, respectively. The mean serum levels of SBT and CPZ at 15 minutes after a single intravenous injection of 20 mg/kg of SBT/CPZ were 25.6 micrograms/ml and 66.0 micrograms/ml, respectively and urinary elimination until up to 6 hours were 72.5% on average for SBT and 21.1% for CPZ. Clinical study SBT/CPZ was used for the treatment of a total of 20 pediatric patients aged 1 month to 14 years to evaluate its clinical effectiveness, bacteriological efficacy and adverse effects. The clinical efficacy in 6 patients with acute pneumonia, 3 with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, 2 each with acute purulent tonsillitis and acute pyelonephritis, 1 each with acute purulent lymphadenitis, acute sinusitis, acute bronchitis, peritonitis and acute enteritis was judged to be excellent in 15 cases and good in 3 cases with an efficacy ratio of 100%. The clinical efficacy in 6 patients whose infections were caused by beta-lactamase producing strains was judged to be excellent in all the cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Studies on sulbactam/cefoperazone in the field of pediatrics]. 609 65

Fundamental and clinical studies on cefpiramide (CPM), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin were performed and the following results were obtained. Antibacterial activity The antibacterial activity of CPM was investigated in comparison with those of CTT, CPZ, CEZ, LMOX and CFS. Against clinical isolates of S. aureus, CPM was superior to CTT and LMOX, but almost similar to CPZ and inferior to CEZ. Against E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis and S. marcescens, CPM showed the activity almost similar to that of CEZ, but inferior to those of the others. On the contrary, the activity of CPM against P. aeruginosa was satisfactory and was superior to those of CTT, CPZ and LMOX, but slightly inferior to that of CFS. Blood level and urinary recovery Twenty mg/kg of CPM was given intravenously at one shot to 3 patients. The mean serum levels of CPM were 116.9 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 90.5 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 71.1 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, 55.8 micrograms/ml at 4 hours, 24.9 micrograms/ml at 6 hours, 19.3 micrograms/ml at 9 hours and 12.1 micrograms/ml at 12 hours after administration, respectively. The mean half-life was very long and the value was 3.85 hours. The urinary recovery rates in 2 cases were 18.31 and 21.47% respectively up to 12 hours after administration. Clinical results and side effects CPM was given intravenously to 30 diseases including 11 cases of bronchopneumonia, 3 cases of bronchopneumonia and pleurisy, 2 cases of bronchitis, 4 cases of purulent tonsillitis, 5 cases of pyelonephritis and each one case of pyothorax, parotitis, cellulitis, otitis media and salmonellosis. CPM was effective in 29 out of 30 cases, and the effective rate was 96.7%. As side effects, 2 cases of fever and 1 case of cough were observed, but no abnormality in clinical laboratory findings was observed.
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PMID:[Experimental and clinical evaluation of cefpiramide in pediatrics]. 665 42