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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TN) is a heterogenous disease, where disturbances of the interstitial tissue and renal tubules are found. Different immunological and nonimmunological mechanisms initiated by infectious and non-infectious factors may lead to TN. A case of 13-years-old girl with primary diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis is presented. The abdominal pain, headache, pain in lumbar region and intermittent fever with loss of appetite were observed in this girl a few weeks before admission. Microcytic anemia, proteinuria and glucosuria, azotemia and elevated markers of inflammatory response were found. In ultrasound examination heterogenous cortex echogenicity of both kidneys and disturbances in parenchymal blood flow were observed. In renal scintigraphy the discriminated catch index was found. Kidney biopsy revealed the edema of the interstitial space with mononuclear and lymphocyte infiltration. The diagnosis of TN was established upon the history, clinical examination, results of laboratory tests, kidney imaging and biopsy. After steroid and doxycycline treatment an improvement and normalization of the results of laboratory tests were observed. It seems to be justified to consider Yersinia infection as a cause of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis.
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PMID:[Yersiniosis as a cause of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and acute renal failure--case report]. 1606 90

Ten clinical cases of neuromuscular dysplasia of the ureter (NMDU) are reported. Eight patients were young (24-38 years), two--of the middle age (41-58 years). NMDU was bilateral in two patients. Ureteral achalasia of the congenital solitary kidney occured in one case. One 28-year-old female with megaureter of the solitary kidney had interstitial cystitis. Clinical picture of the disease was characterized primarily with acute pyelonephritis, pain and secondary urolithiasis. Surgical treatment consisted in resection of the affected part of the ureter with modeling of the lumen of the latter on the drainage and Boari plastic repair. Bilateral Boari operation was made in 2 patients. In one case of ureteral achalasia and ureterocele direct ureterocystoanastomosis was created with good result. Sigmocystoplasty with transplantation of the solitary kidney ureter into the intestinal transplant was made in the patient with scar contracture of the detrusor and megaureter. Functional result of the operation was good. Complications were registered in 4 patients, 2 of which were reoperated. In nine patients of ten good and satisfactory functional results were obtained.
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PMID:[Surgical treatment of neuromuscular dysplasia of the ureter]. 1609 12

Acute focal bacterial nephritis or acute lobar nephronia is an acute localized non-liquefactive bacterial kidney infection. Clinically, it may develop as an abscess and present as acute pyelonephritis but is distinguishable by the presence of a focal mass on imaging studies. The authors report the case of an 8-year-old girl with fever up to 39 degrees C and left flank pain of 6 days duration. On physical examination, she had nothing remarkable except tenderness and knocking pain over the left costovertebral angle. Post-contrast abdominal computed tomography revealed several wedge-shaped hypodense lesions in the left kidney. Urine culture grew Escherichia coli. Acute focal bacterial nephritis was diagnosed. The patient was treated with antibiotics and discharged on the 12th day of hospitalization.
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PMID:Acute focal bacterial nephritis in an 8-year-old . 1675 38

The study of dietary supplement (biologically active additive) Prolit in 20 patients and 20 controls (mean age 44.0 +/- 13.8 years) hospitalized for urolithiasis, uncomplicated renal colic proved that Prolit use in combined therapy of urolithiasis effectively relieves pain syndrome (renal colic) and prevents its recurrence. Prolit has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic effects which prevent attacks of acute (chronic) pyelonephritis. Combined treatment of urolithiasis with Prolit addition has one more advantage over conventional therapy in evacuation of the concrements and elimination of urostasis, especially in small concrements (up to 1 cm) in the ureter.
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PMID:[Prolit in combined treatment of urolithiasis]. 1747 98

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare, severe gas-forming infection of the kidney. Herein we report a case of a 51-year-old man who had received a cadaveric renal transplant 12 years ago. Post-transplant diabetes mellitus occurred 8 years later. He experienced urinary tract infection with graft pain one week before admission and presented with septic shock at the emergency room. Plain X-ray of the abdomen showed retroperitoneal air. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen showed retroperitoneal and extraperitoneal air being released from the graft kidney. These findings were compatible with extensive emphysematous pyelonephritis. The patient underwent percutaneous drainage. Blood culture and urine culture yielded Escherichia coli. After repeated percutaneous drainage and strong antibiotics for a prolonged period, the patient finally recovered.
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PMID:Severe emphysematous pyelonephritis in a renal allograft: successful treatment with percutaneous drainage and antibiotics. 1770 35

Renal angiomyolipoma is a distinctive benign neoplasm that occurs either sporadically or in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. A 45-year-old woman was admitted with history offlank pain and vomiting. There were no signs suggestive of tuberous sclerosis either in the patient or her family. At operation, she had a left renal mass with nephrolithiasis and hydronephrosis. Histopathology revealed epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the left kidney with chronic pyelonephritis. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of angiomyolipoma. This case is presented to highlight the epithelioid variant of angiomyolipoma which may behave in an aggressive manner.
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PMID:Epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney: a case report. 1788 64

Spontaneous renal artery dissection (SRAD) is a rare event, and thus may be a challenge for physicians to diagnose and treat. We report a case of SRAD in a healthy 56-year-old male who presented with flank pain, fever, and elevated white blood cell count. The patient was initially diagnosed with nephrolithiasis versus pyelonephritis and was admitted for observation. Multiple imaging modalities, including non-contrast computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium, CT angiogram, and intraoperative angiogram, were used to make the final diagnosis of SRAD. The patient was treated with endovascular stent placement and is currently free of pain with normal laboratory values and blood pressure.
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PMID:Spontaneous renal artery dissection. 1793 71

A 44-year old man with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis presented with abdominal distention, left lumber pain, fever, loss of appetite, and loss of weight. He had been known to have diabetes mellitus type II for 20 years, and he was diagnosed to have a left renal stone three months prior to this presentation. The patient's urine and the left psous abscess grew staphylococcus aureus.
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PMID:Xanthgranulomatous pyelonephritis associated with Staphylococcus aureus. 1795 53

Acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis (APN) is a complex clinical entity, which is defined differently based on clinical or imaging criteria. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and radiological presentation of APN-upper urinary tract infection (UTI) cases observed between May 2005 and June 2006 and hospitalised in the Emergency Medicine ward of San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy. All patients underwent imaging scans and were differentiated on the basis of parenchymal involvement. Of around 45000 patient visits to the emergency room between May 2005 and June 2006, 23 patients were diagnosed as having uncomplicated upper UTI (all female, age 15-57 years). Renal parenchymal involvement was confirmed by imaging in 16 cases (69.6%). The imaging spectrum ranged from a small single lesion to large multiple defects; on admission, 2 cases had no pain and 2 had no fever; lower urinary tract symptoms were present in only 13 patients (7 with parenchymal involvement). All patients with parenchymal involvement had at least one sign of systemic inflammation-infection. Most patients (15) had taken antibiotics before hospitalisation; consequently, urine cultures were negative in 21 cases (14 cases with positive imaging (87.5%)). The data from patients with and without parenchymal involvement overlapped, the only difference being a higher prevalence of high CRP levels in cases with parenchymal involvement.
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PMID:The clinical spectrum of acute 'uncomplicated' pyelonephritis from an emergency medicine perspective. 1819 85

The differential diagnosis of right lower quadrate pain at the emergency department is quite perplexing. We describe a 38-year-old woman presenting with characteristic clinical and laboratory features of ruptured appendicitis with severe sepsis. However, contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of the abdomen established the diagnosis of pelvic ectopic kidney with acute pyelonephritis. Antibiotic treatment eventually achieved satisfactory resolution without compromise of renal function. It is should be addressed that, even with the advent of modern imaging modalities, there can be a diagnostic pitfall in general practice when managing right lower quadrate pain in patients with typical presentations of acute appendicitis without sonographic evidence, as illustrated in this case. In conclusion, early recognition using exquisite imaging studies with raised awareness in the clinical setting and prompt antibiotic treatment can avoid unnecessary intervention, preserve renal function, and prevent a life-threatening catastrophe.
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PMID:Pelvic ectopic kidney with acute pyelonephritis: wolf in sheep's clothing. 1841 Aug 34


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