Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

84 of 89 cases were traced 18 to 27 years after Swenson's operation. Seven had long segments. All were alive and in good general health except one who had renal transplant for hypertension due to pyelonephritis in a residual solitary kidney. 61 are married of whom 34 have children. None of the children have Hirshsprung's disease. 48 were fully normal within one year of operation. 29 had constipation enough to require treatment. Seven had diarrhoea which in three required hospitalisation for electrolyte disturbances and dehydration. 39 had some degree of soiling, but in only nine was this troublesome. Recovery of normal bowel control was more rapid in those with a good social background. Eight had postoperative strictures, but treatment has remained successful in the long-term in seven of these. Five patients had inadequate resections and are well after further surgery. Nine had urinary incontinence of which seven had only nocturnal enuresis. All are fully recovered. Two male patients have absence of ejaculation and two females are infertile with scarred Fallopian tubes. 83 of the 84 now have normal bowel control and good health. One has a permanent ileostomy.
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PMID:Long-term results of Swenson's operation for Hirschsprung's disease. 86 91

Based on analysis of 309 transurethral [correction of transureteral] surgeries performed on patients with various diseases (prostatic adenoma, prostatic carcinoma, vesical tumors, urethral stenosis, cervical sclerosis) the authors scrutinized various complications: intraoperative (hemorrhages, vesical perforations) and postoperative ones. The most common postoperative complications were acute pyelonephritis, (5.82 per cent), dysuria (3.88), urethral stenosis (2.91 per cent). Immediate and long-term postsurgical hemorrhages were documented in 4.2 per cent and enuresis in 1.94 per cent of the patients. Certain prophylactic measures were considered. The duration of surgery was found to be correlated with the incidence of postoperative complications and it should not exceed 30-49 min. The mortality rate was 1.29 per cent.
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PMID:[The complications of transurethral operations (an analysis of 5-year results)]. 169 37

The results of treatment of 41 children with vesical exstrophy were analysed. Four types of surgeries were performed: 1) transplantation of Lieutaud's triangle into the sigmoid (n = 19); 2) its transplantation into the semi-isolated part of the sigmoid (n = 7); 3) ureteral transplantation into the sigmoid (n = 3); 4) the formation of the urinary bladder and ureter from the adjacent tissues (n = 12). In the first group 2 children died, 6 patients had no clinical signs of chronic renal or ureteral inflammation for the period of 5-17 years, the remaining 11 patients had pyelonephritis. In the second group 5 children were apparently healthy for 1-3 years after the operation, one child developed pyelonephritis, one child died from pneumonia. In the third group 2 patients were apparently healthy 1.5-2 years after the surgery, 1 child developed pyelonephritis. A great number of complications such as sutural incompetence followed by fistulization or enuresis made the authors avoid the fourth type. Thus, while forming an urointestinal anastomosis, preference is given to transplantation of Lieutaud's triangle or ureters proper into the semi-isolated segment according to the antireflux methods, if there are strictures in their distal portions.
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PMID:[The treatment of bladder exstrophy]. 239 42

Thirty-nine cases of functional reconstruction of exstrophied bladder are reviewed. There were 20 females and 19 males. In a first group of 31 staging was planned and carried out in 26 while 3 are awaiting a second stage. In a second group of 8 a single operation was performed. Out of the 31 early cases there were 2 deaths and 10 failures, 16 show good or very good functional result. All 16 show moderate renal scarring from reflux pyelonephritis which occurred between I and II stage. Single operation consisted of innominate osteotomy, bladder and bladder neck and urethral reconstruction and anti-reflux procedure (osteotomy was omitted in a 3 days old baby). Three, operated upon when aged 8 mths., 1 year and 4 years, were breakdowns of previous closure. They are incontinent and will need further surgery at the bladder outlet. Four are dry in the morning and suffer from occasional stress incontinence and enuresis. One, now aged 4 years, still wears pads. These last 5 are awaiting final assessment of and eventually further surgery to improve continence. In all 8 cases pyelo-calyceal cavities are normal except for a moderate right dilatation in one because of kinking of the reimplanted ureter. Delay in bladder closure (mean age 5 mths.) and severe changes to the bladder wall and possibly staging seems to be responsible for most of the failures and for renal damage occurring, after closure, in bladders showing moderate compliance. Single operation allows full protection of upper tract and kidney and should be preferred in patients aged over 2 months. Better functional results may be obtained if operation is performed soon after birth.
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PMID:Functional reconstruction of exstrophied bladder. Timing and technique. Follow-up of 39 cases. 307 Oct 25

The unstable bladder, or bladder-sphincter dysfunction, is the result of unbalanced maturation and physiological control of bladder function in the young child. It is characterised by the persistence of the reflex-bladder stage typical in the newborn, and in the older child can be seen as either a bladder-filling problem or as an emptying problem. It can be responsible for enuresis, urinary tract infections and squatting, as well as the more serious morphological charges of the upper urinary tract such as reflux uropathy and pyelonephritis. This article aims to present the aetiopathology to describe the clinical characteristics of the syndrome and suggest a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to the problem.
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PMID:[Congenital and acquired bladder-sphincter dysfunction]. 361 40

A critical analysis of previous reports reveals 2 main drawbacks of the rectal bladder: 1) recurrent pyelonephritis with subsequent loss of renal function (30 per cent) and 2) nocturnal urinary leakage (40 per cent). In a randomized prospective study the role of a submucosal tunnel for prevention of reflux was evaluated. We demonstrated objectively that this technique could provide a patent unidirectional flow of urine in the majority of cases (82.5 per cent). Urodynamic measurements, including flowmetry, rectal pressure and anal electromyography activities, indicated that the driving force for voiding is the voluntary increase of the intra-abdominal pressure rather than the intrinsic contractions of the smooth muscles of the rectum. Accordingly, attempts at control of nocturnal urinary leakage were directed towards increasing the resistance offered by the pelvic floor. The efficiency of imipramine hydrochloride to achieve this goal was tested against a placebo in a clinical trial performed in a prospective randomized fashion. This treatment was effective in the control of enuresis in a significant number of patients (75 per cent). We conclude that the rectal bladder with a terminal colostomy is a highly recommended method for permanent urinary diversion when these 2 modifications are used.
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PMID:Evolution of the rectal bladder as a method for urinary diversion. 703 68

Micturating dysfunctions with urinary retention and with diurnal and nocturnal enuresis in children sometimes have a psychogenic genesis. They can appear during the period of development of complete control of micturition. A late recognition of this condition makes the prognosis worse, since high pressure and infections in the urinary tract can cause end-stage renal failure. Here we describe a dramatic case of a 3 year-old boy affected by a psychogenic urine and faecal retention with recurrent pyelonephritis, that was favourably treated for five years by an integrated approach involving clinicians, psychologist, educational and social operators and adoptive parents.
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PMID:[Psychogenic urinary retention in childhood. A severe case treated by an integrated global approach]. 876 78

Endoscopic recanalization of posterior urethra (PU) obliteration (a novel method) was compared to open reconstructive-plastic operations. 242 patients with PU and vesicular cervix obliterations entered the study. 93 patients of group 1 have undergone open reconstructive-plastic operations, 149 patients of group 2 were operated endoscopically (endoscopic recanalization under transrectal ultrasonic control). Before surgery the patients were examined using standard tests, sonourethrography and intraoperative transurethral ultrasonic investigation were added. Recurrence rate in group 1 and 2 was 29.1 and 16.8%, respectively. The following complications were observed in group 1: acute pyelonephritis (22.5%), enuresis (14%), orchoepididymitis (9.7%), urinary fistulas (5.4%). The patients needed long-term postoperative immobilization (10-16 days, mean 14.8 +/- 1.1 days). After endoscopic recanalization under transrectal ultrasonic control, group 2 patients developed acute pyelonephritis (4.8%), orchoepididymitis (4%), orthostatic enuresis (4%), short-term urethral fever (85.9%). Bed regime in this group was necessary for 1-2 days (1.3 +/- 0.4 days). Mean postoperative hospital stay was 2.5-fold less in group 2. The conclusion is made that endoscopic recanalization under transrectal ultrasonic control has advantages over open reconstructive-plastic surgery: less frequent pyoinflammatory complications, enuresis, the absence of such complications as impotence, short penis, formation of urinary fistulas.
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PMID:[Comparative analysis of open and endoscopic operative procedures outcomes for posterior urethra obliteration in males]. 1502 45

The risk of pyelonephritis in children with asymptomatic cystitis or bacteriuria, using desmopressin for primary nonpoliuric nocturnal enuresis, is not known. The aim of this study was to study whether there is a risk of pyelonephritis in rats with cystitis using desmopressin. Wistar rats (n = 28) were divided into four groups of cystitis (groups I-IV). DDAVP (2 microg daily) and saline (0.5 ml daily) were injected intramuscularly for 7 days in groups II and IV and groups I and III, respectively. The urinalysis, urine culture, and 24-h urinary volume (UV(24)) were assessed for all rats on days 1, 3, 5, and 7. In groups III and IV these studies were also performed on days 14, 21, and 28. Serum creatinine was determined on day 7 in all rats and on day 28 in groups III and IV. Groups I and II and groups III and IV were killed at the end of days 7 and 28, respectively. Kidneys and urinary bladders were graded subjectively for inflammation and fibrosis. Inflammation and fibrosis scores in kidney and bladder tissues were not different between DDAVP or saline-injected rats in cystitis groups at weeks 1 and 4. No fibrosis was found in any of the urinary bladders on histological examination. Ascendant pyelonephritis was detected in each of the four rats in DDAVP-administered and saline-administered cystitis groups. The histopathologic scores of the renal tissue with pyelonephritis showed no correlation with the daily urine volume, the positive test results for urine leukocyte esterase with dipstick test, the urine culture results for E. coli based on colony-forming unit per milliliter, or serum creatinine levels in cystitis groups. It was found that the administration of DDAVP to cystitis groups did not increase the risk of ascendant pyelonephritis.
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PMID:What is the risk of pyelonephritis due to desmopressin in rats with cystitis? 1723 15