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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An earlier and more manifested affect of glomerular function was established during the examination of 35 patients with diabetic nephropathy, 14 of them in a stage of renal insufficiency, with the help of radioisotope clearance methods (of EDTA, labelled with 169Yb for the determination of glomerular function and of hippuran, labelled with 131J for the determination of the renal plasma flow). The renal plasma flow is affected to a considerably more restricted extent. The combination of diabetic nephropathy with chronic pyelonephritis, found in 10 patients, does not affect substantially the mentioned functions of the kidney, but additional investigations were considered necessary in that field. Bilateral symmetric alterations are more frequently the secretory and excretory segmentsmthe establishment of unilateral alterations may speak of the presence of chronic pyelonephritis of uropathic character. The radioisotope methods, because of their accessibility and less possibilities for errors are recommended for renal functional investigations.
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PMID:[A study of renal function using radioisotope methods in patients with diabetic nephropathy]. 421 76

The gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (EC 2.3.2.2) activity of the urine was determined in 369 cases, with L-gamma-glutamyl-p-nitranilide as substrate. Thermally stable, low molecular mass inhibitors were removed by dialysis. The enzyme activity was found to have a mean of 10.57 U/l for the normal neonate population, and a mean of 16.92 U/l for children. A significant increase in activity was observed in pyelonephritis, Alport's syndrome, Wilms' tumour and glomerulopathies. The highest activities were found in kidney diseases associated with renal insufficiency. This non-invasive test can be used for the evaluation of tubular disorders in childhood.
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PMID:Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in human urine. 612 82

A number of very different clinical pictures are summarized under the diagnosis, urinary tract infection (UTI). Therefore, the effectiveness of chemotherapy depends not only on the quality of the antibacterial substance, but also to a large extent on individual factors. For this reason, dividing UTI into three degrees of severity is proposed. This paper reports on the therapeutic results achieved with Cefotaxime on urological patients with ailments of 3rd degree severity (pyelonephritis and accompanying complications, such as obstruction, renal insufficiency, etc.). In a group of 153 patients, the infection causing organisms were no longer traceable when therapy was ended in 138 cases; in 15 cases, they could not be eliminated. The original bacteria reappeared during the follow-up period (4 weeks) in 20 cases, and in 49 cases, other, new species were cultivated.
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PMID:[Role of cefotaxime in the treatment of urinary tract infections from the viewpoint of the urologist]. 631 70

A case report of a 26-year old woman on chronic hemodialysis for pyelonephritis who took 10 mg of norethisterone acetate daily for suppression of menstruation. 1 week before admission colic-like pains appeared in right upper abdominal quadrant which were relieved by spasmolytics. Laboratory parameters (except those related to renal insufficiency), physical examination, x-rays of chest, stomach and biliary tract showed no abnormalities. Sonography revealed various round space-occupying lesions in the lower liver lobe. Before further studies could be initiated and following a hemodialysis session patient died of an intrahepatic hemorrhage confirmed by ultra-sonic and CAT-scan. Autopsy showed a large hematoma with more than 700 ml coagulated blood which caused rupture of the right liver lobe. Round adenomas were found in both lobes. The relationship between oral contraceptives and primary liver adenomas in young women without previous liver disease has been reported in the literature since 1973. 200 cases were found in the literature since 1977. Although mostly estrogens are blamed for liver adenomas, in this case it was a pure progestogen preparation. In another study of women with primary liver adenomas only 1 in 100 women used a pure progestin contraceptive. A relationship between androgens or anabolic steroids has been found in a number of case reports in the literature. It can be assumed that both combination preparations with estrogen components, and pure progestin preparations play a similar role in the pathogenesis of benign liver tumors.
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PMID:[Primary adenoma of the liver with spontaneous rupture following long-term intake of gestagens. Case report]. 634 51

A total of 38 patients with active pyelonephritis and significant bacteriuria were treated with the Bulgarian antibiotic cephalotin, the bacteria isolated from their urine manifesting susceptibility to the Bulgarian broad-spectrum antibiotic cephalotin. Twenty six from the patients were with preserved renal function, and 12 with various stages of renal insufficiency. The subjective complaints, febrility, leukocyturia and bacteriuria were best affected. The highest anti-bacterial effect was observed in the patients with uroinfections caused by E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella and staphylococci. Cephalotin has a good tolerance and has no adverse effects. Painful infiltrations were established in some of the patients in the region of the site of intramuscular application, with a transitory character. Cephalotin was assessed, on the base of the study, to be a good and prospective broad-scpectrum antibiotic, deserving to be widely applied in the therapeutic practice.
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PMID:[Clinico-therapeutic and microbiologic studies of the Bulgarian antibiotic cephalothin in patients with active pyelonephritis]. 636 92

35 patients (17 females, 18 males), ranging from 75 to 92 years of age, underwent nephrectomy because they suffered from renal tumours, which in 12 cases had preoperatively a total blockage of the renal artery after angiography. A total of 27 retroperitoneal and 8 transperitoneal operations were performed. Indications as well as post-operative complications and long-term effects are dealt with. Except suppurative pyelonephritis of the residual kidney neither temporary nor permanent renal insufficiency could be observed. Even in patients of advanced age, nephrectomy will yield satisfactory longterm results and prevent the formation of metastases.
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PMID:[Kidney tumors in the elderly patient over 75]. 639 Oct 30

The kidneys of a patient with renal insufficiency often retain an endocrine role which should not be overlooked, and they are sometimes capable of residual diuresis. A case history of acute pyelonephritis, the existence of infected stones, or problems of infected reflux, are all indications for nephrectomy. On the other hand, arterial hypertension or an uninfected reflux do not, in our view, constitute indications for this procedure. In cases of renal polycystosis, only those kidneys whose volume constitutes an obstacle to transplantation should be treated surgically.
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PMID:[What are the indications for nephrectomy in candidates for renal transplants]. 639 8

Nifedipine caused acute, reversible deterioration in renal function in four patients with chronic renal insufficiency. The absence of hypotension, clinical course, benign urinary sediments, and normal results of renal ultrasound examinations excluded acute tubular necrosis, pyelonephritis, interstitial nephritis, obstructive uropathy, and acute glomerulonephritis. It is postulated that this slow calcium channel blocker produced deleterious intrarenal hemodynamic alterations in the setting of moderate to severe renal functional impairment. Nifedipine may alter renal function by blocking calcium entry into renal vascular smooth muscle, thereby reducing the efficacy of vasoconstrictor hormones in regulation of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. An alternative explanation is that nifedipine may inhibit the compensatory synthesis of vasodilatory prostaglandin E2 analogous to the clinical observation of acute deterioration in renal function by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency. These observations suggest that clinicians should monitor renal function closely and exercise caution when administering nifedipine to patients with underlying renal insufficiency.
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PMID:Nifedipine-induced renal dysfunction. Alterations in renal hemodynamics. 649 46

Of 250 patients who were haemodialyzed on account of an acute renal insufficiency during a period of 16 years 114 patients survived. A control of the course was performed in 105 patients. Altogether 34 patients dies after their discharge from hospital. Older age and acute renal insufficiency due to urological basic diseases or abscessing pyelonephrititides have clearly worse cumulative survival rates. The risk factors of chronic pyelonephritis and hypertension, respectively, are found in one third of the patients. The long-term prognosis after acute renal insufficiency can be improved by regular dispensary care.
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PMID:[Catamnestic study of long-term prognosis in patients with acute kidney failure]. 652 19

During the period from 1976 to 1981, 364 patients with bladder carcinoma were seen at the Keio University Hospital. Extensive preoperative investigation of pulmonary, cardiovascular, and renal function was obtained in all patients. Of the 12 patients studied, 9 underwent a one-stage total cystectomy and ileal loop diversion and the remaining 3 a two-stage procedure. Of the 9 patients, decreased FEV 1.0 per cent by spirometry was noted in 5, ECG abnormality such as bundle branch blocks in 8, and diminished creatinine clearance ranging from 28 to 68 ml/min were observed in all 9. Major postoperative complications included pyelonephritis in 2 patients, pneumonia in 1, pelvic abscess in 2, renal insufficiency in 3, and paralytic ileus in 2. There was no immediate postoperative death. In these elderly patients, functional reserve of the lung, heart, and kidney is less than optimal and is further decreased by major surgical procedures. Therefore, total cystectomy in the elderly patients is justifiable only in a selected group of patients, when functional status of the vital organ is thoroughly worked up and prophylactic and therapeutic measures are instituted promptly if indicated.
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PMID:One-stage total cystectomy and ileal loop diversion in patients over eighty years' old with bladder carcinoma. Pre- and postoperative functional reserve of various organs. 664 6


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