Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 19 urological patients with pyointoxication and urosepsis 49 plasmaphereses for the purpose of detoxication were performed in the complex with other therapeutic measures. The causes for the pyoseptic complications were as follows: urolithiasis in connection with acute pyelonephritis, acute pyelonephritis (among others in pregnancy, cystic renal dysplasia, carcinoma of the urinary bladder), renal insufficiency in the terminal stage. The treatment of these diseases with haemodialysis and haemoperfusion was complicated by a pyosepsis. Two methods of the plasmapheresis were used: the intermitting plasmapheresis with use of a refrigeration centrifuge K-70 (GDR) and the permanent membrane plasma separation with the device A2008 RG of the firm "Fresenius" (FRG). The plasma perfusion was experimentally proved and in 5 cases used on 5 columns with activated charcoal. The efficacy of the plasmapheresis and the plasma perfusion was apart from the clinical condition judged according to the values of the middle molecules in the blood, or urea, creatinine and the normalisation of the hypoproteinaemia as well as of the humoral immunity. To this are added the increase of diuresis, the normalisation of the haematological parameters and the bacteriological findings of blood and urine. Furthermore, several pathogenetic mechanisms of the positive effect of the plasmapheresis were analysed (mechanic removal of bacteria and their toxins, effect of "deplasmation" with tissue dehydration, improvement of the functional state of the kidneys within the first 3-4 days: reduction of the azotaemic intoxication, the DWS-syndrome, improvement of the rheological properties of the blood and of the microcirculation, increase of the antitoxic function of the liver).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Plasmapheresis in the complex therapy of patients with acute pyelonephritis and urologic infection]. 294 10

The authors studied the serum levels of immunoglobulins G, A and M in 72 patients with chronic pyelonephritis and 77 clinically healthy subjects. In spite of the high biological variability of the indices studied, high serum levels of IgG and IgA were established in the patients with active urologic infection and with advanced renal insufficiency. Significantly higher values of IgG were established in active pyelonephritis, caused by E. coli and Proteus and of all immunoglobulins--in infection with Enterococcus. The serum level of immunoglobulins in chronic pyelonephritis should be complexly interpreted, together with the other clinical and laboratory data.
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PMID:[Immunoglobulins in the serum of chronic pyelonephritis patients]. 308 65

Pharmacokinetics and characteristic features of ampicillin kidney distribution were studied in 21 children with chronic pyelonephritis without signs of renal insufficiency who had undergone urological operations. It was found possible to provide the antibiotic concentrations efficient against ampicillin sensitive and partially middle sensitive microorganisms in the renal parenchyma, pelvis wall, ureterocele, megaureter and urinary bladder. Ampicillin concentrations in tissues of the urinary system were shown to correspond to a higher extent to the concentrations attained in blood than those in urine.
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PMID:[Characteristics of intrarenal ampicillin distribution in chronic pyelonephritis in children]. 331 89

Pyelonephritic renal scarring is a common cause of renal failure and hypertension. We studied glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal plasma flow (RPF), filtration fraction (FF), total renal area (TRA), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure in 22 female patients with verified renal scarring and a history of febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) and in 9 healthy age-matched women with normal urograms and no history of symptomatic UTI. The patients with renal scarring had significantly lower GFR, smaller TRA and higher SBP than the healthy controls, but not significantly different RPF or FF. A decrease in GFR and RPF was associated with higher SBP and DBP in the patients with renal scarring. RPF/TRA, representing an approximation of the perfusion of renal tissue and GFR/TRA, were similar in patients with renal scarring and healthy controls. A reduction of renal parenchyma was accompanied by a proportional decrease in GFR and RPF, resulting in unchanged FF. These findings do not support the concept of hyperfiltration as a main cause of renal insufficiency in patients with pyelonephritis renal scarring. An increase in FF and a decrease in GFR/TRA and RPF/TRA was associated with higher DBP and a decrease in GFR/TRA and RPF/TRA with an increase in the urinary albumin excretion. We conclude that renal hemodynamics play an important part in the blood pressure control of patients with renal scarring and that in these patients with various degrees of renal failure there was no evidence of hyperfiltration or hyperperfusion by remnant glomeruli.
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PMID:Renal hemodynamics and blood pressure control in patients with pyelonephritic renal scarring. 341 7

A patient with renal failure in pregnancy is presented. Prior to pregnancy she was known to have impaired renal function due to chronic pyelonephritis. Renal insufficiency was successfully treated by hemodialysis. The literature concerning etiology and proper management of renal failure in pregnancy and the results and complications of its treatment with hemodialysis are reviewed. A multidisciplinary approach is important for the successful outcome of these pregnancies.
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PMID:Renal failure in pregnancy, treated by hemodialysis. 355 28

The early v late occurrence of tubular epithelial hyperplasia and the frequency and malignant potential of renal neoplasms in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are controversial. The kidneys from 87 patients with documented or presumed ADPKD, removed at autopsy (n = 49) or prior to transplantation (n = 38), were thoroughly sectioned and examined. Hyperplastic polyps were found in 90.8% of the patients, even in the absence of renal insufficiency or marked renal enlargement. However, their number was significantly higher in the patients with advanced stages of the disease, and especially in those with a history of dialysis. Hyperplastic polyps were not detected in eight cases, seven of which had no evidence of epithelial hyperplasia, despite thorough examination of multiple sections. A total of 42 neoplasms were observed in 24.1% of the patients. One patient had bilateral low-grade clear cell adenocarcinoma. Another patient had a transitional cell neoplasm. The remaining 39 neoplasms were microscopic adenomas. Neoplasms tended to occur more often in men and older patients. None of these neoplasms had been clinically diagnosed, and no metastasis had occurred. Nonneoplastic mass lesions were observed in two patients: one had malacoplakia and the other had xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.
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PMID:Renal epithelial hyperplastic and neoplastic proliferation in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. 381 80

Nine patients with renal insufficiency in the terminal stage, 6 with chronic diffuse glomerulonephritis and 3 with chronic pyelonephritis, underwent 402 sessions of programmed hemodialysis. All the patients had persistent high arterial hypertension, which did not yield to conventional medical treatment, complicating hemodialysis extremely, as the procedure produced a critical increase of arterial blood pressure (ABP). The patients were given new hypotensive drugs (minoxidyl, captopril, prazosine), which lowered ABP and permitted a reduction of hypotensive injections during hemodialysis. Three patients were subjected to bilateral nephrectomy, which also considerably facilitated hemodialysis in these patients.
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PMID:[Hemodialysis in patients with incorrigible arterial hypertension]. 389 Aug 93

For the judgment of the success of the immunosuppressive therapy of chronic glomerulonephritis 400 patients (242 males and 158 females) at an average age of 31.2 years were examined after an average duration of treatment of 31.9 months. Apart from the renal function (serum creatinine), the histological and immunohistological form of the glomerulonephritis for the valuation further clinico-paraclinical data were taken into consideration: proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome, arterial hypertension and the combination of nephrotic syndrome and arterial hypertension. At the beginning of the treatment 293 of 400 patients (73.2%) had a normal renal function, 107 of 400 patients (26.8%) were initially renal-insufficient. 16 of 400 patients (4.0%) had additionally a pyelonephritis and 12 of 400 patients (3.0%) had a lupus nephritis. 27 of 400 patients (6.9%) developed a terminal renal insufficiency after an average duration of observation of 40.5 months. Complications caused by therapy were registered in 104 of 400 patients (26.0%). Recommendations for the present therapy of chronic glomerulonephritis are formulated.
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PMID:[Results of immunosuppressive therapy of chronic glomerulonephritis in 400 patients]. 397 9

The combined enzymological investigation including determination of the total activity of asparagine transaminase and alanine transaminase, two serum enzymes, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, acetyl cholinesterase, and butyryl cholinesterase was applied to two groups of pregnant women with pyelonephritis treated with ampicillin (12 patients) and roscillin (14 patients). The investigation was performed at the following stages: before the treatment, on the 7th and on the 12th day of the treatment. No statistically significant differences in the average values of the activity of the above enzymes at these stages were observed in patients of the both groups which indicated the absence of the hepatotoxic effect of the preparations on the patients of a group as a whole. An increase in the levels of transaminases recorded in some patients after discontinuation of the treatment course was evident of a possible cytotoxic effect of the drugs without the signs of cholestasis. The effect was connected with the initial functional renal insufficiency.
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PMID:[Enzymological evaluation of the hepatotoxicity of ampicillin and its therapeutic form, roscillin, in the treatment of pyelonephritis in pregnancy]. 399 43

Thirty seven patients with arterial hypertension of renal genesis (chronic diffuse glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, renal cystic disease and congenital abnormalities) were subjected to NMR-tomography. The comparison group comprised 12 patients with essential hypertension and 18 normal individuals constituted the control group. The examination was effected in the axial, frontal and sagittal planes using the BMT-1100 NMR-tomograph (Brucker, FRG) with the magnetic intensity of 0.235 T, the coil diameter of 60 cm, and the working frequency of 9.95 MHz. The technique made it possible to draw conclusions as to the presence or absence of the kidneys, their form, size, location and the structure of their cortex and medulla. The anatomo-tomographic picture of the kidneys in patients with chronic diffuse glomerulonephritis without renal insufficiency resembled that in cases of essential hypertension. In patients with chronic pyelonephritis the kidney contour was uneven and when renal insufficiency was present the kidneys were small and the borderline the cortex and the medulla was poorly differentiated. The technique proved especially informative in renal cystic disease and congenital abnormalities (renal aplasia and hypoplasia). The results obtained were compared with the data provided by other examination techniques.
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PMID:[Diagnostic potentials of NMR tomography of the kidneys of patients with symptomatic renal hypertension]. 406 86


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