Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical course of 138 children who underwent unilateral nephrectomy and had a normal contralateral kidney at the time of nephrectomy was reviewed. The diagnosis leading to nephrectomy included obstructive uropathy in 46% of the cases, reflux or pyelonephritis in 30%, Wilms tumor in 15%, hypertension in 4%, dysplastic kidney in 2% and trauma in 2%. Mean age at nephrectomy was 7.3 years and median followup was 24.7 years. Of the 138 patients 121 (88%) are well and 17 died, including 14 secondary to metastatic Wilms tumor and 1 of renal failure. Survival of nonWilms tumor patients was similar to that of an age-matched control group. In 30 patients 24-hour creatinine clearance and 24-hour urinary protein excretion were measured. Proteinuria (greater than 150 mg./24 hours) was found in 8 of the 30 patients (27%) (p less than 0.001), renal insufficiency developed in 9 (30%) (p less than 0.0001) and hypertension occurred in 10% (p greater than 0.10). Children with an acquired solitary kidney are at increased risk for proteinuria and renal insufficiency.
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PMID:Prognosis of children with solitary kidney after unilateral nephrectomy. 164 May 59

The severity of anemia in patients at different stages of the evolution of two tubulointerstitial nephropathies, Balkan endemic nephropathy and chronic pyelonephritis, was compared to clarify the previous observations that anemia appears earlier and is more severe in Balkan endemic nephropathy than in other renal diseases. The role of erythropoietin insufficiency as the cause of anemia in endemic nephropathy was studied as well. The severity of anemia increased with the impairment of renal function in endemic nephropathy and was similar to anemia in chronic pyelonephritis. However, in patients with endemic nephropathy at the initial stage of renal insufficiency significantly lower red cell concentrations were found compared with control subjects from the endemic region. In contrast, patients with pyelonephritis did not have decreased red cell concentrations at the early phase of their renal failure, suggesting that earlier appearance of anemia is characteristic for endemic nephropathy. To confirm this finding a study involving larger number of patients would be necessary. The serum erythropoietin levels, inappropriately low for the degree of anemia in patients with renal failure, were unrelated to the type of tubulointerstitial nephropathy.
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PMID:Anemia in Balkan endemic nephropathy. 176 34

The use of intestinal segments in the reconstruction of the urinary tract for a variety of malignant and nonmalignant conditions is generally accepted. Metabolic derangements may result any time urine is in contact with the intestinal mucosa. Numerous studies concerning the pathophysiology of this syndrome have demonstrated that it is in large part secondary to reabsorption of urinary acid as ammonium and, to a lesser degree, to bicarbonate secretion into the urine. The syndrome of metabolic acidosis resulting from urinary diversion has been most common after ureterosigmoidostomy, often in the setting of renal insufficiency secondary to pyelonephritis and obstruction. It became a lesser clinical problem with the popularization and frequent use of conduit urinary diversions. At present, with a greater emphasis on the construction of large-capacity continent urinary diversions, there is an increased likelihood of metabolic derangements, especially in the setting of renal insufficiency. Furthermore, although the reported incidence of clinically problematic metabolic derangements is low with the newer modes of continent urinary diversion, it is impossible to assess the significance of a mild or asymptomatic acidosis, which may occur even in the setting of normal serum electrolytes. Only with close long-term follow-up can the significance of this change be determined.
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PMID:Metabolic consequences of urinary diversion through intestinal segments. 194 4

Renal scars are thought to be the end stage of chronic pyelonephritis and one of the most important causes of renal insufficiency and renal hypertension. The role of bacterial pili was examined in scar formation after an infection of newly constructed bacterial strains using the recombinant DNA technique, which possessed either mannose resistant (MR) or mannose sensitive (MS) pili of Serratia marcescens. Strains that differed in only a single virulence factor, namely, MR or MS pili, were used in a rat model of chronic pyelonephritis. In this model, MS-piliated bacteria stimulated renal scarring more severely than non-piliated or MR-piliated bacteria.
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PMID:Increased renal scarring by bacteria with mannose-sensitive pili. 197 56

From 1970 to 1987, 32 male and female patients with the prune belly syndrome were evaluated. Of these patients 11 died as neonates or infants, and autopsy in 9 revealed 6 cases of diffuse and severe renal dysplasia. In the 10 surviving patients renal insufficiency developed and a total of 13 nephrectomies and renal biopsies were performed. Renal dysplasia was noted in 9 specimens, but unlike the infant kidneys, the dysplastic changes involved less than 25% of the parenchyma in most cases. Renal failure in these 10 patients was caused by pyelonephritis and obstruction. In our estimation perinatal renal failure in patients with the prune belly syndrome results from renal dysplasia caused by an in utero insult, while in older patients pyelonephritis and obstruction are the causes. Careful treatment of reflux, obstruction and urinary tract infections may decrease the incidence of renal failure in patients with the prune belly syndrome who survive infancy.
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PMID:Development of renal failure in children with the prune belly syndrome. 201 82

Sera of patients suffering from Balkan nephropathy, pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis inhibit lectin-induced T-cell proliferation in vitro. Immunosuppressive factors were registered in the patients' sera during the early stage of the existing disease, and their activity was not in correlation with the degree of renal insufficiency. Serum inhibitors revealed their activity during the early phase of T-cell activation and had no effect on T-cell proliferation and DNK synthesis. Inhibitor activity was registered even if sera were not present in cell culture continuously but only 6 hours of preincubation; then their action was irretrievable.
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PMID:[Immunosuppressive factors in the blood in patients during the development of various kidney diseases]. 213 97

Results of the treatment of 12 patients operated on organs of the abdominal cavity for peritonitis and 2 patients with purulent pyelonephritis are described. The patients had different degrees of disturbances of the renal function (renal insufficiency included). The use of plasmapheresis improved the diuretic function of the kidneys, parameters of glomerular filtration and reduced azotemia. However in patients with the terminal renal insufficiency the including of plasmapheresis and hemofiltration proved to be unsuccessful.
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PMID:[Plasmapheresis in the intensive therapy of renal insufficiency]. 274 87

In connection with the analyses of 84 post-mortem examinations (47 men, 37 women, average age: 66.3 years) the author dealt with the renal complications of multiple myeloma. The signs of cylinder nephropathy, light-chain nephropathy, amyloidosis, nephrocalcinosis, urate nephropathy, acute renal insufficiency, renal vein thrombosis, acute and chronic pyelonephritis as well as the tumorous infiltration of the renal tissue have been sought for. The severity of the lesions were ranged into minimal, slight, moderate, and severe groups. On the basis of the semiquantitative morphological picture and the clinical data: 1. intact kidney (41 patients), 2. involvement of the kidney without azotemia (10 patients), 3. involvement of the kidney with azotemia (17 patients, serum creatinine level: greater than 177 mumol/l) and 4. renal involvement with chronic renal insufficiency associated with uremia (16 patients) were discerned. In the background of 33 cases (39%) with deteriorated renal function cylinder nephropathy was found most frequently (27 occasions) (32%). Every other complication occurred significantly less frequently e.g. amyloidosis or kappa-light-chain nephropathy occurred in 3 cases each.
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PMID:[Renal complications of multiple myeloma]. 279 87

A case with multiple endocrine neoplasia was reported, including parathyroid adenoma, of the main cells of the gland, multiple small adenomas in the tail of pancreas, (cytologically and electron-microscopically determined as A cellular) and light-cellular adenoma of adrenal. The hyperfunction of parathyroid adenoma was manifested with hypercalcemia (3.75 mmol/l), and morphologically--with the multiple calcium metastases in lungs, kidneys and heart, established at necropsy. The cause for the death was the acutely advanced ischemic disease of myocardium, on the background of chronic pyelonephritis and renal insufficiency. The timely diagnosis of such morbid states is concluded to be important for the clinical practice and could lead to the saving of the patients by operative removal of the tumour.
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PMID:[Multiple endocrine adenomatosis manifested chiefly by hyperparathyroidism]. 287 52

The adherence of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled P-fimbriated Escherichia coli to uroepithelial cells from 19 women with chronic pyelonephritis was determined with the fluorescence-activated cell sorting technique. The application of this method has made it possible to study bacterial binding to a large number of cells. Renal function was determined in all patients and the recurrences of P-fimbriated Escherichia coli bacteriuria, cystitis and acute pyelonephritis during a 3-year followup were studied. We found a significant correlation between the P-fimbriae receptor accessibility on uroepithelial cells and glomerular filtration rate (r equals -0.75, p less than 0.001). Uroepithelial cells from the patients with chronic pyelonephritis and renal insufficiency had a higher binding capacity of P-fimbriated Escherichia coli than uroepithelial cells from patients with a normal glomerular filtration rate. There was no correlation between kidney function and the availability of P-fimbriae receptors in a control group of patients with polycystic kidney disease.
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PMID:P-fimbriae receptors in patients with chronic pyelonephritis. 289 54


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