Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

8 patients with chronic pyelonephritis were given gentamycin intramuscularly injected in individual dosage during 8-10 days. Here the behaviour of the excretion of protein, alanine aminopeptidase alkaline phosphatase, alpha-glucosidase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and lysozyme with the urine was tested. With the exception of the lysozymuria, which increased only in patients with chronic renal insufficiency, regularly a hyperenzymuria developed. Most distinctly the excretion of the alanine aminopeptidase increased. After initial decrease the excretion of total protein transiently increased after completion of the gentamycin therapy. All the deviations were reversible. From the increased excretion of enzymes may not be concluded to a nephrotoxicity of gentamycin.
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PMID:[The effect of therapeutic gentamycin doses on the enzyme secretion in urine]. 0 Aug 56

The renal acidosis may appear by a decrease of the number of nephrons able to function (decrease of the filtrate of the glomerulum) as well as by a selective alteration of the tubular acidification mechanism. In 66 patients with chronic renal insufficiency of different degrees of severity (32 patients with diabetic glomerulosclerosis, 18 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and 16 patients with chronic pyelonephritis) studies of the parameters of the acid-base-state and the renal insufficiency were carried out. 53 of these patients had a pathologically changed acid-base-state which was most expressed in patients with chronic pyelonephritis. A characteristic relation between the renal function (creatinine clearance) and the change of the pH-values was observed. The regression curve of the pH-values was descending so that in clearance values below 25 ml/min in nearly all patients a pronounced acidosis was present. This could be proved in the patients with pyelonephritis already when higher clearance values were present. The forms of the development of the metabolic acidosis in chronic renal insufficiency are discussed.
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PMID:[Metabolic acidosis in chronic renal insufficiency of various etiology]. 2 13

The kinetics of penicillin and semicillin was studied in 80 children at the age of 5 to 14 suffering from glomerulonephritis and pyelonephrities. The Bertolotti penicillin test revealed an isolated or associated (with lowered glomerular filtration and function of the osmotic concentration) decrease in the secretory function of the proxymal nephron in the patients without the signs of chronic renal insufficiency. The results of the study on the pharmacokinetics of simicillin indicated definite regularities in its excretion with urine as dependent on the period of its use and the state of the renal function. When semicillin was used in therapeutic doses, its concentration in urine exceeded the MIC with respect to all bacteria isolated from the urine specimens of the patients with pyelonephritis. Control of the antibiotic blood levels in children with kidney diseases at the stage of chronic renal insufficiency is necessary for choosing the optimal dose and intervals between the drug injections.
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PMID:[Pharmacokinetic indices of penicillin and semicillin (ampicillin) in kidney diseases in children]. 50 82

Recent epidemiologic studies document congenital urinary tract obstructions as most frequent cases of chronic renal insufficiency in children. Individual case analyses show avoidable delay and/or mistakes in diagnosis and/or treatment in surprising frequency. Current knowledge about vesicoureteral and intrarenal reflux, segmental hypoplasia and glomerular lesions in atrophic pyelonephritis are reviewed.
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PMID:[Current clinical problems in pediatric urology (author's transl)]. 89 43

The parathyroid glands of 14 deceased diabetics were investigated as well as nine control non-diabetics. Various in character and degree histological alterations were observed during the morphological investigations of those glands: mild or better manifested hyperplastic alterations (six cases), microadenoma (one case), focal vasculary determined atrophia (two cases, total atrophia of involutive type (two cases), close to the control alterations (three cases). Hyperplastic alterations are established most frequently in the presence of diabetic nephropathia and azotemia. They could be explained with the development of a secondary hyperparathyroidism, associated with chronic renal insufficiency. In single cases, an effect of the disturbance of the calcium-phosphorus metabolism in diabetes is admitted. Changes in the parathyroid glands, from the type of generalized diabetic microangiopathy, is suspected in one of the deceased patients. Two microadenomas were found in another case, predominantly with dark basic cells. No dependence was established between the morphological alterations and the severity, diabetes form, nor with the presence of pyelonephritis. Certain dependence was established between the age of the deceased and the stage of the azotemia.
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PMID:[Morphological study of the parathyroid glands in diabetes mellitus and its renal complications]. 118 99

Primary disorders of water balance (central diabetes insipidus, congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and psychogenic polydipsia) should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of polyuria and polydipsia. In general, animals with these disorders have only one laboratory abnormality, a low urine specific gravity. The more common causes of polyuria and polydipsia (eg, hypercalcemia, chronic renal insufficiency, pyelonephritis, hyperadrenocorticism), in most instances, have specific and obvious abnormalities associated with the complete blood count (CBC), serum chemistry profile, and urinalysis. However, in some cases, a low urine specific gravity may initially be the only abnormality in these more common ruleouts. The workup for polyuria and polydipsia, especially in those cases with normal or near normal blood work, can be tedious, time consuming, confusing, and not without significant patient morbidity. This chapter will focus on the problems associated with diagnostic testing used to evaluate animals with disorders of water balance.
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PMID:Polyuria and polydipsia. Problems associated with patient evaluation. 213 78

Renal complications were studied in 81 autopsied patients suffering from multiple myeloma (47 male, 34 female, mean age 66.3 years). Kidney samples were examined for the presence of Bence Jones cast nephropathy, light chain deposition disease, amyloidosis, nephrocalcinosis, chronic urate nephropathy, acute renal failure, renal vein thrombosis, acute and chronic pyelonephritis, and tumorous infiltration of the kidney tissue. Lesions were graded under the light microscope as minimal, mild, moderate or severe. This grading and the corresponding serum creatinine levels were used to distinguish four groups: 1. morphologically and functionally intact kidney (40 cases); 2. kidney involvement with good renal function (10 cases); 3. kidney involvement with moderate chronic renal insufficiency (16 cases); 4. kidney involvement with chronic uraemia (15 cases). In patients with an impaired renal function (groups 3 and 4), Bence Jones cast nephropathy occurred most frequently (27 cases, 33%); all other complications were seen much less frequently. Among the 81 patients, two cases of kappa light chain deposition disease and three cases of amyloidosis were found. Although the semiquantitative morphology and serum creatinine levels displayed a good correlation, there were cases with marked histological changes but only a moderate impairment in renal function, suggesting that the drawing of functional conclusions from morphological changes of the kidney requires caution.
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PMID:Renal complications in multiple myeloma. 248 64

In connection with the analyses of 84 post-mortem examinations (47 men, 37 women, average age: 66.3 years) the author dealt with the renal complications of multiple myeloma. The signs of cylinder nephropathy, light-chain nephropathy, amyloidosis, nephrocalcinosis, urate nephropathy, acute renal insufficiency, renal vein thrombosis, acute and chronic pyelonephritis as well as the tumorous infiltration of the renal tissue have been sought for. The severity of the lesions were ranged into minimal, slight, moderate, and severe groups. On the basis of the semiquantitative morphological picture and the clinical data: 1. intact kidney (41 patients), 2. involvement of the kidney without azotemia (10 patients), 3. involvement of the kidney with azotemia (17 patients, serum creatinine level: greater than 177 mumol/l) and 4. renal involvement with chronic renal insufficiency associated with uremia (16 patients) were discerned. In the background of 33 cases (39%) with deteriorated renal function cylinder nephropathy was found most frequently (27 occasions) (32%). Every other complication occurred significantly less frequently e.g. amyloidosis or kappa-light-chain nephropathy occurred in 3 cases each.
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PMID:[Renal complications of multiple myeloma]. 279 87

The paper is devoted to a very important problem of immune mechanisms participation in the origination and maintenance of the inflammatory processes in kidneys and urinary ducts. The results from the study of lymphocyte subpopulations, making use of monoclonal antibodies in patients with clinical-laboratory data about chronic pyelonephritis without chronic renal insufficiency, as compared with healthy controls, are reported. Significantly reduced total T-lymphocyte (OKT1+) were established as well as T-helpers lymphocytes (OKT4+) and increased number of monocytes (OKM5+). The values are presented as weighted geometrical mean. A likely interpretation of those data is rather difficult at the present stage.
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PMID:[Cell subpopulations of pyelonephritis patients studied using monoclonal antibodies]. 288 70

The authors analyzed the frequency of chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) and the level of serum creatinine (200 mumol/l and more) in 10,350 outpatients aged over 60 (I group), 2400 persons of the same age in need of episodic hospitalization (II group), and in 1840 patients who died in hospital (III group). In the 1st group CRI frequency was 0.98%, in the 2nd group--6.9%, in the 3rd group--14.6%. Pyelonephritis (76.1%) and myelonephropathy (7.5%) were among CRI main causes. The authors underlined the multitude of factors causing CRI in middle-aged patients and the prospects of adequate therapy even in terminal states; CRI syndromes were considered for persons of this age group.
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PMID:[Chronic renal failure in middle-aged and elderly persons]. 320 58


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