Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors determined activity of leucine arylamidase (LA) or microsomal aminopeptidase locating in tubular cell microsomes and as a specific enzyme indicating parenchymal damage in the urine of 28 healthy subjects and 187 patients with nephroliths (103), renal injury (13 contusions, 11 rupture) before and after extracorporeal lithotripsy. Changes in LA were followed up spectrophotometrically. LA levels in healthy controls, nephrolithiasis patients free of pyelonephritis or with it in remission were similar, elevated in latent course and significantly elevated in complicated by inflammation nephrolithiasis, renal injury and in patients with associated pyelonephritis after lithotripsy. The highest LA activity was recorded in patients with renal injury and after lithotripsy with latent or active inflammation before lithotripsy. LA urinary content may serve indication of inflammation in the kidneys, parenchymal involvement. It is a helpful adjuvant diagnostic method in urology.
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PMID:[The role of urinary peptide hydrolase in the laboratory diagnosis of urological diseases]. 761 17

Complicated nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis were surgically treated in 87 and 79 patients aged 18-80 years, respectively. Of them elderly patients constituted 62%. Unilateral calculi occurred in 90.9%, coral calculi in 21 patients. Of 195 complications observed acute purulent pyelonephritis (PP) developed in 150 patients. It proved to be the most threatening and frequent complication. Therapeutic policy and choice of surgery were decided upon with consideration of the stone location, anatomic and functional status of the kidneys, preexisting somatic pathology, age of the patient. Because most severe pyelonephritis was reported in patients with nephroliths and prepelvic ureter, these patients have undergone nephrectomy most often (47%). Conservative surgery has been performed in 53%, pyelolithotomy without renal drainage in 9 (5.4%) patients with non-destructive pyelonephritis. Calculous pyodestructive pyelonephritis should be treated early according to the scheme: cleaning of the purulent foci, removal of the stone and nephrostomy. Used in 23 (13.9%) patients, this scheme failed (lethal outcome) only once. PP in patients with ureteroliths required two-stage treatment. Early nephrostomy (stage 1) preserved the kidney and prevented septic complications in 37 patients. Extracorporeal lithotripsy of ureteroliths (stage 2) is beneficial in clinically cured pyelonephritis and is indicated only in functioning nephrostomy. Conventional ureterolithotomy is valid in cicatricial ureteral stenosis in need of plastic surgery. Renal drainage and surgical elimination of the obstruction in the urinary tracts or on-demand nephrectomy resulted in a 90.4% cure. Hospital lethality in septic complications of calculous PP was 9.6%.
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PMID:[The surgical outcomes in complicated urolithiasis]. 761 22

Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was evaluated in 31 patients with nephrolithiasis and chronic pyelonephritis in remission. Chronic inflammation of renal parenchyma is shown to be associated with LPO activation. Urine diene conjugates excretion, plasma and red cell membrane malonic dialdehyde concentrations increase. LPO activation may contribute to maintenance of chronic renal inflammation in nephrolithiasis.
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PMID:[Lipid peroxidation in patients with nephrolithiasis and chronic pyelonephritis in the remission stage]. 778 14

Based on the evidence obtained on 28 cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XP), the authors suggest to distinguish two XP clinical forms: obstructive and nonobstructive. The former may occur in noticeable destruction of renal tissue and urine retention secondary, most frequently, to long-standing nephrolithiasis. The latter simulates by symptoms and examination results renal carcinoma. In suspicion of nonobstructive XP, the surgeon should consider fast-made intraoperative biopsy to decide on feasibility of sparing intervention.
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PMID:[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis]. 778 15

A 34-year-old woman who 14 years previously had undergone a left nephrotomy for nephrolithiasis complained of pain in the left renal fossa which was reddened and painful on percussion. She had a fever of 38.2 degrees C. C-reactive protein was raised to 80 mg/l, the white cell count to 14,620/microliters (83% neutrophils). Protein and white cells were found in the urine together with a significant number of E. coli on urine culture. Plain film of the abdomen showed a staghorn calculus and ultrasonography demonstrated renal enlargement with a possible paranephritic abscess. The computed tomography diagnosis was xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, on the basis of renal enlargement, staghorn calculus, hypodense areas with typical density values (10-15 Hounsfield units), contrast enrichment and extrarenal extension of partly phlegmonous partly fused-together inflammatory changes. The abscessing parts were drained under computed tomography control. Starting 7 days pre-operatively the patient had been receiving ciprofloxacin (0.4 g daily) intravenously. A nephrectomy had to be performed subsequently. Antibiotic treatment was discontinued 2 weeks later and she was discharged symptom-free. The diagnosis of diffuse xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis was confirmed by histological examination of the surgical specimen.
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PMID:[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis with phlegmonous abdominal wall infiltration. Diagnosis and assessment of extent via computerized tomography]. 785 Dec 87

Complications of extracorporeal lithotripsy (ECL) observed at long- and short-term follow-up have been analyzed basing on 605 case histories of children aged 4-14. 59 of them had coral nephrolithiasis. Special attention was paid to macrohematuria, obstructive pyelonephritis, progressive chronic pyelonephritis.
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PMID:[The complications of extracorporeal lithotripsy in children]. 789 11

The study was carried at two different centres. Only 9 cases of primary malignant tumours of the renal pelvis could be collected during the period of 7 years (1984-1990). Renal pelvis malignancies constituted 0.21% of all the malignancies and 12.16% of all the malignant growths of the kidney (9 out of 74 cases). The age of these patients ranged from 24 to 70 years; the mean being 41.7 years. Male/female ratio was 8:1. Common triad of complaints (pain, haematuria and lump) was noticed in 22.2% of patients. Individually they were noticed in 77.8%, 66.7% and 44.4% of patients respectively. Transitional cell carcinoma was the commonest, seen in 7 patients (77.8%) whereas squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were noticed in one patient (11.1%) each. Hydronephrosis, chronic pyelonephritis and nephrolithiasis were noticed in 66.7%, 44.4% and 22.2% of patients respectively. Ultrastructural study of urothelial tumours revealed tumour cells in various stages of differentiation with loss of intercellular junctions and dense collection of rough endopasmic reticulum fibrils around the nucleus.
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PMID:A histomorphologic and ultrastructural study of the malignant tumours of the renal pelvis. 799 96

We report on a 67-year-old woman with caseating granulomatous pyelonephritis associated with nephrolithiasis. Caseating granulomas resembling renal tuberculosis were observed in the renal parenchyma, but no TB or other microorganisms were detected in the renal tissue or urine cultures. To our knowledge, this is the second case reported in the literature.
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PMID:[Pseudo-tuberculous pyelonephritis]. 800 78

Clinical efficacy of maxaquin versus ciprofloxacin against complicated or/and recurrent urinary infections (62 patients primarily with chronic pyelonephritis with nephrolithiasis) proved higher (92.3% vs 80.0%) in equal microbiological activity (73.2% vs. 73.4%) of the drugs. Maxaquin was less active in enhancing the culture resistance. Both quinolones had no negative effects on the studied systems of the body's antiinfectious resistance and promoted partial correction of dysbiotic manifestations on the colon mucosa. Side effects of both drugs occurred with similar frequency and severity, starting earlier in administration of maxaquin. The authors offer to manage urinary infections in adults effectively with maxaquin in a dose 400 mg once a day and ciprofloxacin in a dose 500 mg twice a day by 7-14-day courses.
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PMID:[Maxaquin and ciprofloxacin in the treatment of complicated and recurrent urinary infections in adults]. 801 41

The contribution of pyelonephritis activity to calcium reabsorption defects was investigated in 176 patients with chronic pyelonephritis (CP) aged 18-54 with normal tubular filtration and calcium serum concentrations under calcium reabsorption above 98%. 86 of these patients had CP complicated by nonocclusive pelvic stones. Ca-excretory capacity of the kidneys was evaluated with estimation of the excreted calcium by activity phases considering individual deviations or without them. Measurements were also made of CP activity and severity by the inhibition of Ca-ATPase activity of the microsomes isolated from rat intact kidneys. The findings indicate that in active CP calcium-reabsorption impairments related to the inflammation are combined with the preexisting ones, the changes being more pronounced with growing activity of the inflammation, irrespective of the presence of nephrolithiasis. The relationship established between the shifts in excreted calcium induced by inflammation and plasma ability of CP patients to inhibit Ca-ATPase activity of rat renal microsomes in single tests in the same patients allows assessment of calcium reabsorption changes due to CP activity in patients when analysing their blood inhibitory effect on the test enzyme system. Simultaneous one-stage determination in CP patients of their blood inhibition in response to the test enzyme system and excreted calcium helps prognosticate calcium reabsorption expected in remission.
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PMID:[The importance of studies of calcium reabsorption and of the capacity of the blood plasma to inhibit Ca-ATPase activity for the diagnosis of the activity of the inflammatory process and for the prognosis of tubular function in patients with chronic pyelonephritis]. 801 98


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