Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside aminocyclitol antibiotic with pharmacological similarities to gentamycin. Twenty-one of 30 patients with a severe or complicated Gram-negative urinary tract infection were cured by treatment with a 5-day course of tobramycin. No side effects were noted. This drug should prove beneficial for the treatment of severe Gram-negative sepsis, and promises to be particularly valuable for infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Dosage schedules for administering tobramycin to patients with renal function impairment are presented, together with some observations on its intravenous injection by bolus. A single dose of tobramycin has proved effective for initiating the antibacterial treatment of patients with acute pyelonephritis. The important concept of the differing concentrations of an antibiotic in the urine from kidneys of unequal function is discussed.
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PMID:Tobramycin in the treatment of severe and complicated urinary tract infections. 60 Feb 1

The author studied dynamically the content of immunoglobulins in the blood of 40 patients with traumatic lesions of the spinal cord. In 11 of the studied patients there were lesions of the cervical part, in 25 cases--of the thoracal and in 14 cases--of the sacro-lumbar part of the spinal cord. It was established that traumatical lesions of the spinal cord are constantly accompanied by changes in the content of immunoglobulins in the blood, (especially immunoglobulin g). The level of these changes are in a direct correlation with the expressivity of infectious complications (decubitus, pyelonephritis, sepsis), which as a rule complicate the development of the disease.
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PMID:[Immunoglobulins in patients with traumatic lesions of the spinal cord]. 66 57

PC-904 was administered to 16 pediatric patients and the following basic and clinical results were obtained. (1) PC-904 was administered 20 approximately 30 mg/kg. The serum peak level of PC-904 after drip intravenous infusion over 1 hour was 66.7 microgram/ml at 1 hour and T 1/2 of PC-904 was 67.8 minutes. PC-904 was administered 25 approximately 30 mg/kg intravenous one shot injection was 49.4 microgram/ml at 1 hour and T 1/2 of PC-904 was 52.2 minutes. (2) Urinary excretion rate was about 20% up to 6 hours after drip intravenous infusion of 20 mg/kg. In a case of intravenous one shot injection of 25 approximately 30 mg/kg, the excretion rate was 11.9 approximately 19.9%. (3) PC-904 was administered 60 approximately 120 mg/kg/day for 3 approximately 48 days to 5 cases of sepsis and bacterial endocarditis, 6 of pneumonia, 2 of sss syndrome (staphylococcal scald skin syndrome) and 3 of pyelonephritis. Clinical effects were excellent in 11 cases and good in 5 cases, effective ratio being 100%. (4) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus viridans, Acinetobacter anitratus and Hemophilus influenzae isolated from clinical specimens disappeared by the treatment of PC-904, and Hemophilus influenzae isolated from clinical specimens disappeared by the treatment of PC-904. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae reduced. (5) As to the side effect by PC-904, s-GOT and s-GPT were elevated in 2 cases. Anemia, rash and fever were observed in each 1 case out of 16 patients though the causal relation with the agent was unknown.
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PMID:[Basic and clinical studies on new semisynthetic penicillin, PC-904, in pediatric field (author's transl)]. 69 Dec 65

Sera from 103 fasting individuals 3 to 76 years of age and free of clinical infectious disease and sera from 183 patients with infectious disease were assayed for serum total non-esterfied fatty acids (tNEFA) and compared. Data were also separated into five groups according to age of donor: 3--7, 8--19, 20--35, 36--60, and 61--76 years. The mean group serum levels of tNEFA increased with age. Among patients with infectious diseases sixty-five were diagnosed as having hepatitis, 41 with infectious mononucleosis, 18 with cellulitis, 12 with pulmonary tuberculosis, 11 with non-pneumococcal pneumonia, 9 with pneumococcal pneumonia, 8 with pharyngitis, 6 with pyelonephritis, 6 with aseptic meningitis, 4 with Gram-negative sepsis, and 3 with encephalitis. The sera from 23 non-fasting patients with gonorrhea were also tested. The serum tNEFA levels were found to be altered, in fact depressed from normal group values, only in patients with pneumonia or tuberculosis. This depression may be related to aberrant pulmonary metabolism during pneumonia.
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PMID:Reduced level of non-esterified fatty acids in sera from patients with infectious respiratory disease. 69 41

A group B streptococcus recovered from a blood specimen from a neonate with sepsis was used to evaluate the use of mice for studies characterizing the hematogenous virulence and the asymptomatic mucosal colonization of the vagina or of the respiratory tract by these bacteria. When injected intravenously, the 50% lethal dose for mice was 10(6); however, as few as 10(2) organisms produced septic deaths. In mice undergoing water diuresis, bacteriuria and pyelonephritis were not produced after direct bladder inoculation of the streptococci. Asymptomatic vaginal colonizations that persisted for 12 days were produced in both pregnant and virgin mice. Vaginal colonization before delivery did not result in transmission of infection to litters or in protection against subsequent oropharyngeal colonization in the suckling mice. In mice born of nonexposed mothers, oropharyngeal colonization was produced in both suckling and 3-week-old weaned mice. Whereas infection persisted for 14 days in all suckling mice, clearance occurred in over 50% of the weaned mice by day 14. The use of mice for studies on the virulence of the group B streptococci as well as for studies on the pathogenesis of disease by virulent strains is discussed.
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PMID:Experimental group B streptococcal infections in mice: hematogenous virulence and mucosal colonization. 77 31

31 patients suffering from puerperal endometritis, 16 of whom with other concomitant infections (sepsis, infection of episiotomy, pyelonephritis) were treated with fosfomycin. 86% of the germs isolated were sensitive to fosfomycin. The results obtained have been excellent in 26 patients (84%) and null in 5 (16%). Fosfomycin showed to be an antibiotic of wide-spectrum, and it acted very rapidly, since apirexia of the patients was achieved after 2-3 days of treatment. The antibiotic had perfect tolerance. No disagreeable secondary effects nor changes in the haematological data were observed. We have also carried out a study on the elimination in lochia of fosfomycin in a group of 21 patients with normal birth and puerperium. The concentrations of the antibiotic in lochia, although variable, are sufficient to achieve the desired bactericide action.
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PMID:Fosfomycin in puerperal infections and its elimination in lochia. 83 26

All cases of persistent renal failure in infants less than 1 year of age were reviewed to determine whether the prognosis has improved equally for infants as for adults. During a ten-year period, 52 infants were treated by applying uniform therapy; 28, more than half, were less than 4 weeks old. All cases were separated into two groups; 19 infants without and 33 infants with congenital renal or urinary tract anomalies. In 20 patients of the latter group, additional serious anomalies of other organs were present. The age distribution was strikingly different: in 18 of 21 infants, renal anomalies were present, as diagnosed on the first day of life. In contrast, only 3 of 11 infants, 4 to 12 months old, had urinary tract anomalies. In infants without renal anomalies, renal failure was caused by hypotension or shock in 10 of 19 cases, by pyelonephritis or sepsis un 6 of 19. Of this group, eight infants (42%) recovered completely, nine (47%) died. Death occurred within one to two days of hospitalization in all but three cases, caused by shock or sepsis. In this group medical problems that are amenable to therapy have caused either renal failure or contributed to the infant's death. In infants with renal or urinary tract anomalies, renal failure was caused by renal dysplasia or agenesis in 16 of 33 infants, by urinary tract obstruction in 12 of 33. Only three patients (9%) recovered, all older than 4 months, 20 (61%) died, and 10 are living with signs of chronic renal failure. Death usually occurred within one week of hospitalization and, in 16 of 20, it was caused by renal failure and multiple additional anomalies. The multiplicity and complexity of the congenital anomalies in most instances precluded effective, lifesaving therapy. Renal failure in infants is still a serious disease accompained by a high mortality rate in which therapeutic possibilities are limited. No improvement in prognosis can be expected in the near future. Pediatrics, 59:987-994, 1977, RENAL FAILURE, CONGENITAL RENAL ANOMALIES, INFANT, ISCHEMIC RENAL DAMAGE.
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PMID:Renal failure during the first year of life. 86 67

Thirty children over the age of one month were treated with amikacin (BBK8), a new aminoglycoside derived from kanamycin A, with three intramuscular dosage schedules. Each group consisted of ten patients. The first received 7-5 mg/kg/12 hours, the second 7-5 mg/kg/24 hours and the third, 3-75 mg/kg/12 hours. The infections and the bacteria were similar in all three groups: pyelonephritis, abscesses of soft tissues, infected wounds, septicaemia, superinfected empyema, gastro-enteritis, chronic otitis media; the bacteria were E. coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and Salmonella. A were sensitive by the Kirby-Bauer method, although two were resistant by dilution in Petri dish. Of the thirty patients, twenty four (80%) were cured. The schedule of 3-75 mg/kg/12 hours was as effective as the schedule of 7-5 mg/kg/12 hours for infections such as pyelonephritis, superficial abscesses, contaminated wounds, gastro-enteritis and sepsis. The cases with infections localized in rather unaccessible sites required double the dose and strict drainage and cleanliness. Plasma levels with the administration of 3-75 mg/kg fluctuated between 8-3 and 12-6 mcg/ml; with 7-5 mg/kg they fluctuated between 8-6 and 13-1. The minimum inhibitory level (MIL) for the majority of the bacteria was 1-25 mcg/ml. No toxic reactions were observed.
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PMID:Amikacin (BBK8) in infections due to gram-negative organisms in children over the age of one month. 102 22

Prolonged Escherichia coli bacteremia occurred as a complication of pyelonephritis in two patients with abnormal hemoglobins (SC and SS), despite "appropriate" antibiotic therapy. Careful investigation in each case failed to account for the persistent sepsis. Pyogenic arthritis ultimately developed in both patients.
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PMID:Hemoglobinopathy with prolonged bactermia. A report of two cases. 110 36

Electric stimulation of the bladder through eight electrodes was performed in 7 patients suffering from innervation disturbances of various origin. In one case the device had to be removed because of endocarditis and sepsis after 8 months. In 6 cases the result was satisfactory as the patients were capable of emptying their bladder without catheterization. By abolishing vesico-ureteral reflux, recurrent pyelonephritis is eliminated, consequently life expectancy greatly improves. The method is believed to be suitable mainly in cases of peripheral bladder paralysis. In cases of central paralysis, the fibrosis of the bladder neck calls for additional interventions such as transurethral resection.
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PMID:[Bladder stimulation of patients with spinal injuries]. 122 1


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