Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 3-year survey of patient referrals and case material in pediatric nephrology is evaluated to provide a data base for future projection of patient needs. In the 3-year period between January 1978 to December 1980, 538 pediatric patients with renal and electrolyte disorders were evaluated and treated. The principle reasons for the referrals were: hematuria (23%), hypertension (5%), nephrotic syndrome (7%), non-acute glomerulopathies (11%), acute glomerulonephritis (3%), fluid-electrolyte disorders (29%), urinary tract infections (6%), and others. Of the 538 patients, 99 underwent percutaneous renal biopsies under ultrasound guidance. The indications and results of the renal biopsies were also reviewed. The accrual of 18 chronic dialysis patients over a 36-month period is analyzed and presented. The ages of the patients were 4 to 16 years. They weighed from 16 to 51 kg. The primary renal diseases were objective uropathy, chronic glomerulonephritis, membrano-proliferative nephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, focal glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis and others. All children, except 9 received kidney transplantations. The annual incidence of end-stage renal failure was 4 per million population.
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PMID:A 3-year survey of referral pattern and case material in pediatric nephrology. 734 35

A.S.O. titers were determined in 93 children with various kidney diseases. In addition, 52 children without renal disorders were investigated as controls. In the children with renal disease, 38 suffered from the "idiopathic", "primary" nephrotic syndrome of childhood. Thirteen had acute, post-infectious glomerulonephritis, 16 had "primary" chronic glomerulonephritis, 3 had pyelonephritis, and 1 had disseminated lupus nephritis. In acute glomerulonephritis, with or without N.S., the titers were higher than in the controls, which is known and consistent with the frequency of preceding streptococcal infections. Children with chronic glomerulonephritis, with and without associated N.S., did not show a similar tendency to increased values. All patients but one with "primary", , "idiopathic" N.S. of childhood had titers of less than 100. They were between 50 and 12 Todd units. These titers were observed early during the course of the disease and persisted for years in spite of remissions. They were not related to concomitant antimicrobial therapy, nor to corticosteroid administration. In "idiopathic" nephrotic syndrome of childhood a titer of less than 100 does not, in itself, lead to the diagnosis of a N.S. of childhood. However, a greater than 100 titer speaks against it and may well serve as a valid indication for a renal biopsy, in order to differentiate this disease from acute glomerulonephritis, and also from R.P.G.N. whenever they are associated with a N.S. The low titers are only of value in differentiating the "primary" form of the N.S. from the "secondary" forms which are preceded by chronic renal disease or which are due to another underlying, systemic disease. In nephrotic children less than 6 years of age, the less than 100 A.S.O. titers may also be due to their age.
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PMID:Value of antistreptolysin "O" titers for differential diagnosis of renal diseases. 734 28

From November 1998 to March 2000, two hundred patients over the age of 60 years (Elderly) with clinical renal disease were studied. 144 patients were between ages of 60-69 years, 46 between 70-79 years and 10 were above 80 years. The elderly patients (Male 165; Female 35) with renal disease constituted 11% (200/1816) of the total nephrology consultation during the study period. The clinical presentation included chronic renal failure (42.5%); acute renal failure (28%); nephrotic syndrome (14.5%); acute glomerulonephritis (7.5%); renal vascular disease (5%) and renal cystic disease (2.5%). Diabetic nephropathy, obstructive uropathy and hypertensive nephrosclerosis were the major causes of CRF, accounting for 80% of total CRF in the elderly. Chronic glomerulonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis (CPN) were less common and etiology of CRF was uncertain in 5.9% of cases. However, diabetic nephropathy was the commonest (49.4%) cause of chronic renal failure. We did not see a single case of ischemic nephropathy causing CRF in the present study. Prerenal ARF, obstructive uropathy and sepsis were contributing factors for ARF in 82% of the cases. Volume depletion due to gastrointestinal fluid loss and urinary tract obstruction on account of enlarged prostate were the leading causes of ARF in 20 (35.7%) and 8 (14.3%) cases respectively. Sepsis with or without multiorgan failure was the major (46.7%) cause of mortality in patients with ARF and overall mortality was 26.8%. The commonest (31%) cause of nephrotic syndrome was the idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy related to type-2 diabetes mellitus was the second most common (24.1%) cause of nephrotic syndrome. Diffuse endocapillary proliferative GN of post infectious etiology was the commonest (73.3%) type of acute GN in our elderly patients. Renal cystic diseases were noted in 5 (ADPKD 3; Simple cyst-2) patients. Thus, overall spectrum of renal disease in our elderly patients is similar to that of developed nations except in two ways: (i) Endocapillary proliferative GN of post infectious origin was the commonest type of acute GN and (ii) Rarity or absence of ischemic nephropathy and atherosclerotic renal artery occlusive disease.
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PMID:Spectrum of renal diseases in the elderly: single center experience from a developing country. 1209 35

This review article is written to describe the results of ultrasonography of the kidneys in healthy camels as well as camels with some renal disorders. In the dromedary camel, the physiology of the kidney is of interest in view of the specialization of the camel to hot dry deserts and to prolonged periods without water. It plays an important role in water conservation through the production of highly concentrated urine that may predispose animal to varieties of renal disorders. Examples of kidney affections in dromedary camels are renal capsular pigmentation, medullary hyperemia, subcapsular calcification, cortical and medullar discoloration, hemorrhage in renal pelvis, nephrolithiasis, and hydatidosis. Congestion, hemorrhage, hydronephrosis, acute glomerulonephritis, subacute glomerulonephritis, chronic glomerulonephritis, diffuse interstitial nephritis, focal interstitial nephritis, renal cyst, hyaline degeneration, renal amyloidosis, tubular nephrosis, pyelonephritis, hemosiderosis, and renal toxicity. When the kidney is examined by ultrasonography, the clinician can get sufficient information about the size, position, and echo patterns of the renal cortex and medulla and renal pelvis and outlines of the renal blood vessels. In recent years, ultrasonography has been used in camels for scanning of the healthy status as well as evaluation and determining the diagnosis and prognosis of diseased cases. Examples of diseases evaluated by ultrasonography are paratuberculosis, trypanosomiasis, pneumonia, pleurisy, gastrointestinal neoplasms, chronic peritonitis, splenic abscessation, and hepatic disorders. Of the renal disorders assessed by ultrasonography are nephrolithiasis, hydronephrosis, pyelonephritis, renal abscessation, and renal neoplasms. Ultrasound guidance in biopsy of renal specimens has also been reported in dromedary camels.
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PMID:Ultrasonography of the Kidneys in Healthy and Diseased Camels (Camelus dromedarius). 3314 34


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