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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The distribution of the new cephem antibiotic, cefuzonam (CZON) into adnexa uteri and uterine tissues, and clinical efficacy on patients with obstetric and gynecologic infections were studied. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Concentrations of CZON in arterial and venous blood, oviduct, ovary, endometrium, myometrium, cervix uteri and portio vaginalis tissues were measured. The results demonstrated good transfer of the drug into various internal genital organs. 2. In clinical studies, CZON was given to 5 cases with various infections such as pyometra, acute vulvitis, pelvic peritonitis, pyelonephritis and puerperal intrauterine infection. Clinical efficacies were evaluated as excellent in 2 cases, and good in 3 cases. The efficacy rate was 100%. No side effects were observed in any cases. In laboratory tests, transient elevations of GOT, GPT and gamma-GTP were observed in 1 case. Therefore, it is concluded that CZON is a useful drug for various types of infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology.
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PMID:[Clinical effect of cefuzonam and its distribution into tissues in the field of obstetrics and gynecology]. 344 14

Cefuzonam (L-105, CZON), a new parenteral cephalosporin, was evaluated for its efficacy and safety in 22 children with bacterial infections (Table 1). The results obtained are summarized below. MICs of CZON to 26 strains of isolated organisms are shown in Table 2. MICs to all 14 strains of Haemophilus influenzae and 6 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were less than 0.05 microgram/ml. The MIC to 2 strains of Staphylococcus aureus was 0.39 microgram/ml and that to another was 0.78 microgram/ml. Two strains of Escherichia coli showed MICs of less than 0.05 and 0.10 microgram/ml, respectively. The MIC to 1 strain of Enterococcus faecalis was 6.25 micrograms/ml. The CZON was administered in 3 or 4 divided doses at a daily dosage ranging from 58.5 to 85.7 mg/kg by 30-minute drip infusion or intravenous injection to 22 patients (9 cases of pneumonia, 9 cases of tonsillitis, 2 cases of bronchitis, 1 case each of suppurative parotitis and acute pyelonephritis) and the following clinical results were obtained; excellent: 12 cases; good: 7 cases; fair: 3 cases. The overall efficacy rate was 86% (Table 4). Diarrhea was observed in four patients, and was resolved with or without discontinuation of the medication within a week. Anemia was noted in 2 cases. Leucopenia and neutropenia was observed in 1 case. There were a moderate rises in S-GOT and S-GPT activities in 1 patient (Table 4), and they necessitated the cessation of the CZON therapy. The S-GOT and S-GPT activities became normal after the drug treatment was stopped.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of cefuzonam in children]. 359 88

Aztreonam (AZT) was evaluated for its clinical efficacy in a total of 10 cases, namely 3 cases of endometritis, 6 cases of intrapelvic infections, 1 case of puerperal pyelonephritis. The clinical results of AZT were as follows; excellent in 5 cases and moderate in 5 cases, the overall efficacy rate was 100%. No clinical side effect was observed, however in laboratory finding slightly elevated transaminase (GOT, GPT) was observed in 1 case.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of aztreonam in the field of obstetrics and gynecology]. 383 58

Fundamental and clinical trials were carried out with cefminox (CMNX, MT-141) in pediatric infections. Results were as follows. The mean serum concentrations of CMNX following intravenous injection of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg were 73.1, 112.5 and 181.4 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes after injection, respectively. The serum half-life times were 1.37, 1.20 and 1.53 hours, respectively. Average recovery rates in the urine until 6 hours from the start of injection were 91.4, 59.4 and 85.8%, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of CMNX against clinically isolated organisms was measured; CMNX was more active than CMZ and CEZ against H. influenzae. CMNX was equal to or more active than CMZ and CEZ against E. coli. CMNX was administered clinically to 32 pediatric patients with various infections; 19-pneumonia, 5-bronchopneumonia, 3-bronchitis and 5-pyelonephritis. Overall efficacy rate was 93.8%. Slight elevation of S-GOT and S-GPT was observed in 2 patients. No other serious side effect was observed.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of cefminox in pediatric field]. 389 3

Clinical studies of aztreonam (AZT) were performed in 10 pediatric cases. One transient pyuria case with 10(3)/ml E. faecalis detected in urine was excluded from clinical evaluation, because the presence of infection was unclear. Results were as follows: AZT was effective on 1 patient with meningitis (causative organism: H. influenzae), who was treated with 41.7 mg/kg 4 times a day. Results of administration of 58.1-78.9 mg/kg 3 or 4 times a day by intravenous injection for 1 E. coli sepsis-and-pyelonephritis complication case and 7 pyelonephritis cases (causative organisms: E. coli in 1, E. coli + E. faecalis in 1, E. faecalis in 1, P. aeruginosa in 3 and unknown in 1) were excellent in 4, good in 2 and poor in 2 cases. The pathogens of the 2 poor cases were E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa, respectively. Six of the pyelonephritis cases had vesicoureteral refluxes as an underlying condition. Clinical and microbiological effects of AZT were considered to be closely correlated with its MIC values. No side effect was recognized. Though abnormal laboratory findings were obtained in 4 cases, including elevations of GOT X GPT in 2 cases, GPT elevation in 1 case and plateletcount increase in 1 case. All of these abnormalities were minor and transient. The serum concentrations of AZT for a two-month-old patient with pyelonephritis were 65, 50, 35, 22.8 and 12.4 micrograms/ml at 1/2, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours, respectively and T1/2 was 2.42 hours after injecting AZT 20 mg/kg by intravenous injection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of aztreonam in pediatrics]. 409 63

Ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904, CTRX), a new parenteral cephalosporin, was used for pediatric infections and the following results were obtained. CTRX was administered twice daily by intravenous injection with about 20 mg/kg in 6 cases consisting of 2 cases with purulent lymphadenitis of the neck, 2 with urinary tract infection, 1 with sepsis and pyelonephritis and 1 with sepsis and purulent lymphadenitis of the neck. The result was excellent in 4 and good in 2. One case with H. influenzae meningitis, receiving 50 mg/kg CTRX by intravenous injection twice daily, showed an excellent response without having any sequela. Among those mentioned above, diarrhea in 2 cases and elevated GOT and GPT in 2 were observed, all of which were transitory and not serious. The blood level of CTRX at 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after intravenous injection with 20 mg/kg to a girl of 8 years and 8 months of age with urinary tract infection was 114, 86, 70, 42, 29 and 21.8 micrograms/ml, respectively. The half-life time was 3.5 hours while the urinary recovery rate up to 6 hours was 58.0%. The concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid of 1 case with H. influenzae meningitis ranged from 2.1 to 8.2 micrograms/ml at 3 hours after administration and from 1.15 to 2.65 micrograms/ml after about 12 hours (prior to the next administration). The above-mentioned results suggest that CTRX is a new antibiotic useful for pediatric infections caused with susceptible bacteria and is effective by intravenous injection with 10 mg/kg twice daily for moderate infections and with 20 mg/kg twice daily for severe ones, except for meningitis. As for purulent meningitis, the administration dosage and frequency will have to be further examined based on the intravenous injection with 50 mg/kg twice daily.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation on ceftriaxone in the field of pediatrics]. 609 7

Our investigation of cefotiam in pediatric infection produced the following results: 1. Cefotiam was administered intravenously by one shot or drip infusion in 20 patients with infectious diseases. These diseases consisted of 13 pneumonia, 3 upper respiratory tract infections, 3 pyelonephritis, 2 other urinary tract infections and one purulent meningitis. Cefotiam was effective in all cases. 2. Transient elevation in serum GOT, GPT, Al-P and LDH was observed in 3 cases. But other side effect was not noted in any cases.
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PMID:[Clinical studies on cefotiam in pediatric infections (author's transl)]. 627 Apr 18

In order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pivmecillinam (melysin tablet, PMPC), PMPC was administered to 78 chronic UTI cases in the field of obstetrics and gynecology (posthysterectomy infection, chronic cystitis, chronic pyelonephritis and etc.). In principle, daily 400 mg of PMPC was administered for 2 weeks. (1) Overall clinical efficacy judged by doctor was evaluated in 78 cases and the result was; excellent in 17, good in 37, fair in 10, poor in 13 and unknown in 1 case with the effectiveness rate of 69.2%. (2) Overall clinical efficacy judged by 'criteria for clinical evaluation in complicated UTI' recommended by UTI study member was evaluated in 54 cases and the result was; excellent in 15, good in 20 and poor in 19 cases with the overall efficacy rate of 64.8%, the result of which was similar to that of doctor's judgement. (3) Efficacy on pyuria was evaluated in 72 cases and it was cleared in 27, decreased in 25, unchanged in 20 and unknown in 6 cases. Efficacy on bacteriuria was evaluated in 72 cases and it was eliminated in 44, decreased in 9, replaced in 8, unchanged in 8 and unknown in 9 cases. (4) Side effect, considered by doctors to be caused by PMPC administration, was noticed in 3 out of 78 cases (3.8%), all of which was mild gastrointestinal disturbance and the administration of PMPC was continued. Abnormal change of laboratory finding considered by doctors to be caused by PMPC administration was noticed in 1 out of 78 cases, which was slight elevation of GOT and GPT values. It is therefore considered that PMPC appear to be useful drug for the maintenance therapy of chronic UTI in the field of obstetrics and gynecology.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of pivmecillinam in the maintenance therapy of chronic urinary tract infection (author's transl)]. 627 86

Fundamental and clinical studies of ceftizoxime, a new cephalosporin antibiotic, in children led to the following results. 1. Ceftizoxime compared favorably with cefazolin (CEZ) and cefmetazole (CMZ) for in vitro activity against clinically isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus (31 strains), Escherichia coli (29), Klebsiella pneumoniae (30) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16). While somewhat less active against S. aureus than CEZ and CMZ, ceftizoxime was far more active than these 2 cephalosporin antibiotics against the test strains of E. coli and K. pneumoniae, which included strains resistant to the 2 drugs. Ceftizoxime was not particularly active against Ps. aeruginosa, but this seeming disadvantage was offset by the absolute ineffectiveness of the 2 reference drugs on this obstinate organism. 2. The time course of mean serum ceftizoxime levels in 3 pediatric patients of 5--10 years old given a single intravenous dose of 20 mg/kg was as follows: 45.4 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes, 40.4 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 22.1 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 10.4 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, 2.9 micrograms/ml at 4 hours and 0.9 microgram/ml at 6 hours. The mean serum half life was 1.12 hours. The mean urinary levels of ceftizoxime at serial 2-hour collection intervals were as follows: 2,477 micrograms/ml for 1--2 hours, 1,235 micrograms/ml for 2--4 hours and 462 micrograms/ml for 4--6 hours. The mean urinary recovery up to 6 hours was 61.0%. 3. The clinical response of 28 children with infection to ceftizoxime treatment was 'excellent' in 22 children, 'good' in 4, and 'poor' in 2. These children comprised 11 with acute pneumonia, 3 with acute bronchitis, 4 with acute pyelonephritis, 2 each with acute purulent arthritis and acute enterocolitis, and 1 each with acute purulent tonsillitis, acute purulent lymphadenitis, furunculosis, subcutaneous abscess, subdural abscess and sepsis. The overall rate of effectiveness was 92.9%. Successfully eradicated strains in the bacteriological sense consisted of 4 strains each of H. influenzae and E. coli, 1 strain each of P. morganii, S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes, 1 of the 2 strains of S. enteritidis, and 1 of the 3 strains of S. aureus. The overall rate of bacteriological effectiveness was 81.3%. No clinical side effects were observed. Changes in laboratory test findings included slightly and transiently elevated GOT and GPT in 1 child and GOT alone in another child.
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PMID:[Fundamental and clinical studies on ceftizoxime in pediatric field (author's transl)]. 627 13

T-1982 (cefbuperazone), a new cephamycin antibiotic, was basically and clinically studied in the field of pediatrics, and the following results were obtained. 1. The antibacterial activity of T-1982 was compared with that of CEZ, CMZ and ABPC. T-1982 was more active than the other drugs against Gram-negative bacteria, the sensitivity of E. coli (22 strains), K. pneumoniae (18 strains), P. mirabilis (19 strains), P. vulgaris (4 strains), P. morganii (5 strains) and K. oxytoca (4 strains) distributing less than 0.39, 0.1, 1.56, 0.39, 6.25 and 0.2 microgram/ml, respectively. Two of 3 strains of C. freundii were inhibited by 12.5 micrograms/ml. Against Gram-positive bacteria, the activity of T-1982 was inferior to that of the other drugs. S. pyogenes (28 strains) were inhibited by 0.78 microgram/ml or less, but the sensitivity of S. aureus (34 strains distributed 12.5-100 micrograms/ml). 2. T-1982 was administered to each 3 children at a dose of 20 mg/kg by one shot intravenous injection or 1 hour drip infusion, or at dose of 40 mg/kg by 1 hour drip infusion. The mean serum levels at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours after one shot intravenous injection of 20 mg/kg were respectively 74.3, 56.3, 42.3, 17.6, 5.7 and 1.2 micrograms/ml with the mean half-life of 1.01 hours. The values were 32.9, 50.0, 73.7, 27.5, 12.4 and 4.5 micrograms/ml and 1.31 hours by intravenous drip infusion of 20 mg/kg and 50.4, 104.7, 136.3, 62.3, 18.6 and 6.9 micrograms/ml and 1.16 hours by intravenous drip infusion of 40 mg/kg. The mean urinary recovery rates within 6 hours were 47.7, 67.6 and 60.9%, respectively. 3. Treatment with T-1982 was made in 28 cases of pediatric infections; 1 case of acute bronchitis, 19 cases of acute bronchopneumonia or lobar pneumonia, 2 cases of acute purulent cervical lymphadenitis, 4 cases of acute pyelonephritis and each 1 case of subcutaneous abscess and suspected bacterial endocarditis. The clinical responses assessed in 27 cases were excellent in 21 cases, good in 5 cases and poor in 1 case, the efficacy rate being 96.3%. Bacteriologically, 2 strains of S. aureus, 3 strains of S. pneumoniae, 4 strains of H. influenzae, 2 strains of E. coli and 1 strain of P. mirabilis were eradicated. One strain of S. faecalis was reduced. No side effects were observed in any cases. Slight elevation of GOT and GPT and that of GOT were noted in each 1 case.
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PMID:[Basic and clinical studies on T-1982 (cefbuperazone) in the field of pediatrics]. 634 36


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