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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A clinical investigation was carried out on a new penicillin derivative, bacampicillin with the following results. (1) Clinical effect--Bacampicillin was administered orally to 18 patients with acute simple cystitis, acute simple pyelonephritis, chronic prostatitis and acute gonorrhoic urethritis. Daily doses ranged from 750 mg to 1,000 mg. The administration continued for 4 to 14 days. Clinical effect was excellent in 10 patients and good in 5 patients. (2) Side effect--Side effects were noticed in 4 patients, one was allergic eruption and other 3 were gastralgia. In a patient the drug was discontinued to administer.
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PMID:[Clinical investigation on a new penicillin derivative, bacampicillin (author's transl)]. 49 Aug 99

Amoxicillin, a synthetic penicillin with a broad antibacterial spectrum, was administed in a daily dose of 1.0 g (in potency) to 47 patients who came to the department of urology (6 patients in whom the antibiotic was used for the prevention of infections included). The results are summarized in the following. 1. The patients with urological infections who were treated with amoxicillin included 20 patients with acute cystitis, 1 with acute urethritis, 18 with chronic prostatitis, 1 with epididymitis, 1 with pyelonephritis and 6 patients in whom the antibiotic was used for the prevention of infections. Amoxicillin was remarkably effective in 27 patients (58.7%), effective in 7 patients (15.2%), but ineffective in 12 patients (26.1%), with the overall effectiveness of 73.9%. The therapy was withdrawn in one patient because of side effects. 2. A patient with acute cystitis showed eruption which was probably associated with allergic reaction to penicillin, and the administration was discontinued. Other side effects worth mentioning were not observed.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with amoxicillin (Pasetocin) in urology (author's transl)]. 83 37

Urinary tract infections are a common problem seen in ambulatory practices. For this reason it is important to have a cost-effective management. Clinical history and findings may allow to make the diagnosis. The laboratory costs can be reduced, if in case of cystitis a rapid test for detection of leucocytes replaces the urine culture. Urine cultures can be restricted to patients with complicated urinary tract infections. Single-dose with cotrimoxazole or 3-day treatment with trimethoprim is adequate for acute cystitis. The new quinolones are useful for the outpatient treatment of benign cases of acute pyelonephritis. In case of urethritis and prostatitis, the same drugs have an appropriate antimicrobial spectrum and an ideal bioavailability in the infected tissues.
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PMID:[Urinary tract infections: which studies? Whom to treat?]. 212 Jul 87

To investigate agreement between physicians about diagnosis and management concepts of genitourinary infection, data from 63 symptomatic women was collected and distributed to a panel consisting of three general practitioners, three urologists and three nephrologists. Using double-blind methods, the panel was asked individually to give a preliminary diagnosis and a management recommendation for each case. Pairwise comparison of the evaluations showed 66% agreement for diagnosis and 79% agreement for prescription of antibiotics. Adjusting for chance agreement, the kappa index was 0.43 for prescription of antibiotics, 0.31 for diagnosis of cystitis, 0.20 for vulvovaginitis, 0.21 for pyelonephritis and 0.09 for urethritis. The specialist groups ordered significantly more laboratory investigations, resulting in a 75-95% more expensive work-up compared with general practitioners. The findings imply a need for more distinct use of the concept of 'urethritis' and are consistent with previously demonstrated differences in resource use between general practitioners and specialist physicians.
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PMID:The semantics of diagnosis and management of genitourinary infections: a cross-specialty study. 263 5

This article provides the primary care physician with the rationale and guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of common male genitourinary tract infections. Disease entities include urethritis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, epididymitis, and orchitis. The format of pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management will facilitate use by the primary care physician for a specific patient.
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PMID:Infections of the male genitourinary system. 269 46

The urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities were determined in acute pyelonephritis patients with spinal cord injuries. The urinary NAG activity was significantly elevated in 23 of 31 cases (74%) compared with normal controls. Out of 7 acute pyelonephritis patients without spinal cord injuries, 4 patients (57%) showed significantly elevated urinary NAG activities. The urinary NAG activities were within normal range in 20 patients with acute simple cystitis and 11 patients with chronic complicated cystitis. Out of 6 patients with urethritis, only one case (17%) showed a significantly higher level of urinary NAG activity. Significantly higher levels in urinary NAG activities were observed in 6 of 9 patients (67%) with acute prostatitis and 5 of 9 patients (56%) with acute epididymitis. In patients with spinal cord injuries, having frequent urinary tract infections and complicated pathophysiological conditions, urinary NAG is one of the helpful laboratory findings for the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis.
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PMID:[Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity in acute pyelonephritis patients with spinal cord injuries]. 272 45

In caring for women with acute dysuria, clinicians traditionally have relied on clinical findings to distinguish between acute pyelonephritis and "cystitis"; they have ordered urinalysis and urine culture regularly for patients with suspected acute pyelonephritis and ordered these tests inconsistently for patients with suspected "cystitis." Recent evidence indicates that "cystitis" may actually be any of six different clinical conditions, each of which is managed differently; subclinical pyelonephritis, lower urinary tract bacterial infection, chlamydial urethritis, other forms of urethritis, vaginitis, or dysuria without any urinary tract or vaginal infection. The distinction between these entities is made primarily from clinical findings. Urinalysis is also of great value in symptomatic patients; the presence of pyuria (and possibly indirect quantitation of pyuria by the leukocyte esterase test) is a reliable indicator of treatable infection, and its absence indicates infection is not present. In contrast, urine culture is of clear value only in patients with acute pyelonephritis or subclinical pyelonephritis.
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PMID:Urinalysis and urine culture in women with dysuria. 351 13

During a one-year morbidity survey of urinary tract diseases in general practice 741 cases were diagnosed. Only about half of all the patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection had significant bacteriuria. In young women urinary tract infections and symptoms from the urinary tract without bacteriuria-in particular urethritis-were found to predominate. In middle-aged women, the urinary tract symptoms were ascribed increasingly to genital prolapse, while incidence of urolithiasis was the highest in any group, and urinary tract infections became less frequent. The prevalence of urinary tract infection showed another increase in elderly women, and recurrent/chronic pyelonephritis, which occurs with a steadily increasing prevalence throughout all age groups, became common.In younger male urological patients diseases with symptoms of urinary tract infection without bacteriuria were predominant, whereas prostatitis and urinary tract infections were less frequent. In middle-aged men, urolithiasis was especially frequent, while an increasing proportion of elderly men had prostatic hypertrophy, urinary tract infections, and recurrent/chronic pyelonephritis.
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PMID:Epidemiology of urinary tract diseases in general practice. 418 93

More attention should be directed to upper urinary tract infections as they cause renal parenchymal damage. Recently, many reports on antibody-coated bacteria (ACB) in urological diseases have been made. We performed ACB tests in 68 cases of urological infectious diseases. The tests were made according to Thomas' method. Anti-human immunoglobulin IgG, IgA, and IgM rabbit sera were used. The results were compared using the chi-square analysis. ACB-positive were 0 approximately 15% of the cases of acute cystitis, 33 approximately 67% of the cases of chronic cystitis, 30 approximately 60% of the cases of prostatitis and urethritis, and 60 approximately 90% of the cases of pyelonephritis. The percentage was higher in the patients who had indwelling catheters than in those who did not. The ACB test was suggested to be helpful in diagnosing upper urinary tract infection in the female patients who did not have indwelling catheters. But there was the danger of making an incorrect diagnosis with this test on male patients who had indwelling catheters, and those with prostatitis or urethritis, and on female patients with indwelling catheters.
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PMID:[Urinary tract infection : clinical significance of antibody-coated bacteria]. 638 63

In 100 patients with urinary tract infections the new benzyl-pyrimidine/sulphonamide combination Co-tetroxazin (Sterinor) was tested concerning its in vitro and in vivo action. In spite of the heterogenous cases (pyelonephritis 16%, obstructions 15%, prostatitis respectively urethritis 12% and cystitis 53%) and the relatively high average age (about 40% above the age of 60) a high therapeutic success was achieved. The clinical symptomatology improved up to 96% (respectively 83% without anymore pathological findings). This in vivo action correlated very well with the in vitro action in the agar diffusion test: fully sensitive 79%, moderately sensitive 15% and resistant only 6%. It is worth mentioning that the in vivo results with Sterinor were obtained with only 1/3 of the usual substance load (dosis) of the other benzylpyrimidine/sulphonamide combinations. This is due to the more favourable pharmacokinetic properties. Particularly in chronic patients, multi-morbidity and in elder patients this is clinically relevant. With this proven comparable clinical effect Co-tetroxazin is to be specified therefore to be more effective pharmacologically.
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PMID:[Antibacterial treatment of urinary tract infections with co-tetroxazin (sterinor)]. 701 96


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