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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ureteritis cystica is a rare proliferative condition that is found predominantly in the bladder, renal pelvis, and upper ureter. It may occlude the ureteral lumen and should be considered in the reasons for an atrophic kidney. A 65-year-old-female with a 2-year history of right flank pain that increased in the last 2 months was presented. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed right-sided atrophic kidney. Nephroureterectomy was performed. On the gross examination, along the ureter wall, there were numerous polyps, 0.5 cm in maximum diameter, protruding into the lumen. On the histopathological evaluation, ureteritis cystica and chronic pyelonephritis was detected. In conclusion, ureteritis cystica is a benign and indolent lesion that needs to be kept in mind among the causes of renal atrophy.
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PMID:Ureteritis cystica presenting with atrophic kidney: report of a case. 2069 50

Spontaneous endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent, progressive and painful disease that affects a variety of nonhuman primates, including several species of baboons (Papio sp.). This case documents multimodal management of severe endometriosis in a captive female baboon within a zoological institution. An 18-yr-old, intact female Guinea baboon (Papio papio) was found to have an enlarged uterus. Fifteen months post ovariohysterctomy, scarring associated with endometrial tissue resulted in ureteral strictures, bilateral hydronephrosis, and azotemia. Cystoscopic placement of bilateral ureteral stents with fluoroscopy was performed and resulted in short-term clinical improvement. The animal's condition declined and euthanasia was elected 4 mo after ureteral stent placement. Severe endometriosis with secondary inflammation resulting in bilateral hydroureter and hydronephrosis, as well as concurrent cystitis, ureteritis, and pyelonephritis were confirmed at necropsy. Despite possible complications, ureteral stents can be considered a useful therapeutic option in patients with ureteral disease.
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PMID:Bilateral hydronephrosis secondary to endometriosis managed by endoscopic ureteral stent placement in a captive Guinea baboon (Papio papio). 2220 76

OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the technical, short-term, and long-term outcomes in cats with benign ureteral obstructions treated by means of double-pigtail ureteral stent placement. DESIGN--Retrospective case series. ANIMALS--69 cats (79 ureters). PROCEDURES--The diagnosis of benign ureteral obstruction was made via abdominal ultrasonography, radiography, and ureteropyelography. Ureteral stent placement was attempted endoscopically, surgically, or both, with fluoroscopic guidance. The medical records were reviewed for pre-, intra-, and postoperative data; complications; and outcome. RESULTS--69 cats (79 ureters) had stent placement attempted for various causes: ureterolithiasis (56/79 [71%]), stricture (10/79 [13%]), both ureterolithiasis and stricture (12/79 [15%]), or a purulent plug (1/79 [1%]). Stent placement was successful in 75 of 79 ureters (95%). Median number of stones per ureter was 4 (range, 0 to > 50), and 67 of 79 (85%) had concurrent nephrolithiasis. Preoperative azotemia was present in 95% (66/69) of cats (median creatinine concentration, 5.3 mg/dL [range, 1.1 to 25.8 mg/dL]), and 71% (49/69) remained azotemic (median, 2.1 mg/dL [range, 1.0 to 11.8 mg/dL]) after successful surgery. Procedure-related, postoperative (< 7 days), short-term (7 to 30 days), and long-term (> 30 days) complications occurred in 8.7% (6/69; 7/79 ureters), 9.1% (6/66), 9.8% (6/61), and 33% (20/60) of cats, respectively; most of these complications were minor and associated with intermittent dysuria or the need for ureteral stent exchange. The perioperative mortality rate was 7.5% (5/69), and no deaths were procedure related. The median survival time was 498 days (range, 2 to > 1,278 days). For patients with a renal cause of death, median survival time was > 1,262 days, with only 14 of 66 cats (21%) dying of chronic kidney disease. Nineteen (27%) cats needed a stent exchange (stricture in-growth [n = 10], migration [4], ureteritis [2], dysuria [2], pyelonephritis [1], or reflux [1]). No patient died of the procedure or recurrent ureteral obstruction. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE--Results of the present study indicated that ureteral stenting is an effective treatment for benign ureteral obstructions in cats regardless of obstructive location, cause, or stone number. The perioperative morbidity and mortality rates were lower than those reported with traditional ureteral surgery. The short- and long-term complications were typically minor but may necessitate stent exchange or use of an alternative device, particularly with ureteral strictures. The prognosis for feline ureteral obstructions after ureteral stenting could be considered good when the procedure is performed by trained specialists.
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PMID:Technical and clinical outcomes of ureteral stenting in cats with benign ureteral obstruction: 69 cases (2006-2010). 2454 31

Nephrolithiasis is the most common condition involving the ureters. However, various other entities can affect the ureters, albeit less frequently. Imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosis, management, and follow-up of ureteral pathology. In the past decade, computed tomography urography has replaced traditional methods of ureteral imaging due to its high spatial resolution, multiplanar imaging, and rapid acquisition time. More recently, magnetic resonance urography has also been explored in evaluating ureteral abnormalities. In this review, we briefly discuss current imaging techniques used in assessment of the ureters and present a diverse group of diseases affecting the ureters. We begin with primary and secondary ureteral malignancies, followed by uncommon infectious/inflammatory diseases that can involve the ureters including tuberculosis, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, and graft-versus-host disease. We then discuss the imaging characteristics of endometriosis and retroperitoneal fibrosis as two important examples of pelvic and retroperitoneal processes that occasionally obstruct the ureters and present with clinical symptoms similar to that of renal stones. We end with a brief discussion of miscellaneous conditions that affect the ureters, including ureteral hemorrhage, ureteral intussusception, ureteral pseudodiverticulosis, Malacoplakia, and ureteritis cystica. Knowledge of these entities and their characteristic imaging manifestations along with patient's clinical presentation allows accurate diagnosis and timely patient management.
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PMID:Beyond ureterolithiasis: gamut of abnormalities affecting the ureter. 2731 12

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is well established as a renal mass-forming inflammatory process. However, a ureteral counterpart is minimally recognized. In this article, we present a case of xanthogranulomatous ureteritis in an 81-year-old woman, mimicking ureteral involvement by cancer in a radical cystectomy specimen for invasive urothelial carcinoma. Similar to the pathogenesis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, the patient was noted to have ureteral obstruction by calculus and had urine culture positive for Klebsiella pneumoniae. To our knowledge, this is the first report of xanthogranulomatous ureteritis associated with this pathogen and the only report associated with concurrent bladder cancer. Increased pathologist and urologist awareness of xanthogranulomatous ureteritis expands the spectrum of pseudotumoral processes of the ureter.
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PMID:Xanthogranulomatous Ureteritis Mimicking Ureteral Involvement by Cancer in a Radical Cystectomy Specimen. 3257 75


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