Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred patients were examined: 70 with diffuse increased parenchymal echogenicity and 30 with focal increased echogenicity. The increase of echogenicity was assessed in degree and in diffuse increased parenchymal echogenicity were considered persistence or disappearance of the corticomedullary boundary. An increased diffuse echogenicity with distinctness of the corticomedullary boundary was observed in chronic GNF (36), nephroangiosclerosis (15) and amyloidosis. Diffuse increased echogenicity without distinctness of the corticomedullary boundary was observed in uratic interstitial nephropathy (13) and in chronic GNF with advanced lesions (4). Focal increased echogenicity occurred in chronic pyelonephritis (11), in tumors (18) and in renal tuberculosis (1). Renal carcinomas showed an echogenicity of I degree in 7 cases and an echogenicity of II degree in 1 case. The angiomyolipomas always showed an echogenicity of II degree, as did the liposarcoma. Differential diagnosis among parenchymal renal diseases which are responsible for diffuse increased echogenicity is impossible; in fact there is no correlation between the degree of renal parenchymal echogenicity and type of the disease. The focal increased echogenicity caused by chronic pyelonephritis is correctly diagnosed using ultrasound. The hyperechogenic tumors, at present, cannot be characterized on the basis of the sonographic features.
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PMID:[Difficulty in the differentiation of renal parenchymal hyperechogenicity]. 330 77

The sonographic findings and differential diagnoses of a wide spectrum of acute and chronic renal inflammatory processes are reviewed. These include focal and diffuse forms of bacterial nephritis, pyonephrosis, intra- and extrarenal abscess, renal tuberculosis and fungal infection, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, and renal parenchymal malakoplakia. The role of ultrasound in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with these diseases is discussed.
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PMID:Sonography of renal inflammatory disease. 330 5

In addition to plain films and conventional excretory urography, ultrasound, computed tomography, and radionuclide scanning may contribute to the assessment of a wide spectrum of renal inflammatory diseases. This article discusses the role of contemporary imaging modalities in the diagnosis and management of patients with renal inflammatory lesions, including acute focal and diffuse bacterial infections, intra- and extrarenal abscess collections, pyonephrosis, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, fungal infection, tuberculosis, and malakoplakia of the upper urinary tract.
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PMID:Contemporary imaging of renal inflammatory disease. 333 66

Granulomatous nephritis (renal tuberculosis, malacoplakia, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, and echinococcus disease) represents an infectious process that is characterized by (renal) parenchymal destruction and consists of a chronic cellular reaction and mature, mononuclear infiltrate. These infections may mimic one another as well as other renal infections and cystic and neoplastic disorders. This article addresses some of the unique aspects and similarities of these varied disease entities and their management.
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PMID:Granulomatous nephritis. 353 7

Cytoplasmic creatine kinase (CK) activity was measured in 39 renal cortex samples from various kidney diseases. The highest CK values were observed in normal tissues (507 +/- 71). The mean values of CK enzymatic activity in the other groups decreased in the following order: chronic pyelonephritis (273 +/- 98), hydronephrosis (233 +/- 102), renal tuberculosis (133 +/- 34), pyonephrosis (96 +/- 46), and hypernephroma (45 +/- 33). The decrease in CK activity in kidney tissue paralleled tissue damage, and affects cellular functionality in relation with the processes that use adenosine 5'-triphosphate, such as the ionic pumps.
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PMID:Cytoplasmic creatine kinase in normal and pathological human kidney tissue. 358 38

A hospital-based case-control study of 153 multiple myeloma (MM) cases and 459 controls was conducted to evaluate the hypothesis that chronic or frequent infections or allergic and autoimmune diseases might be of higher prevalence in individuals who develop MM. Information was obtained by direct interviews of subjects. Controls were matched to cases on age, sex, race, and hospital. "Immune-stimulating conditions" included chronic infections such as pyelonephritis, urinary tract infections (UTIs), prostatitis, rheumatoid arthritis and other collagen vascular diseases, allergies, bronchitis, tuberculosis, cholecystitis, diverticulitis, and osteomyelitis. The overall odds ratio (OR) (odds of history of immune-stimulating conditions in cases versus controls) was 0.4 (95% confidence interval = 0.3-0.7) which suggested that cases had significantly less immune-stimulating conditions than did controls. The exposure rate for these conditions was high for cases (0.7) as well as for all control groups (0.8). These findings suggest that immune-stimulating conditions alone are not the causative factor in the etiology of MM, though they may play a role in the predisposed individual.
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PMID:Role of immune stimulation in the etiology of multiple myeloma: a case control study. 381 65

Autopsy findings in chronic pyelonephritis patients on dialysis were studied in 122 cases. The greatest number of cases was in the 50-59 year-old group among males and in the 60-69 year-old group among females. Infection was the most frequent cause of death (39.3%), followed by bleeding (23.5%). The total number of patients with infections and bleeding was 68 cases (55.7%) and 39 cases (32.0%), respectively. Pneumonia and bronchitis were the most frequent (27.0%) in cases with infections and gastrointestinal bleeding was the most frequent (21.3%) in cases with bleeding. The incidence of tuberculosis (16.4%) as a complication was high.
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PMID:Autopsy findings in chronic pyelonephritis patients under dialysis--collected from the Annuals of Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan. 383 5

Most physicians believe that the diabetic patient is predisposed to infections and that infections complicate the control of the diabetes. Despite the lack of scientific proof, certain infections (such as tuberculosis, bacteriuria in females, malignant external otitis, rhinocerebral mucormycosis, emphysematous cholecystitis, emphysematous pyelonephritis, acute papillary necrosis etc) are widely regarded to be associated with the diabetic. Foot infections, infections of the respiratory tract and the urinary tract are very important in the diabetic. The reasons why diabetics are susceptible to infections are unclear: although the production of humoral antibody appear intact, defective function of the polymorphonuclear leucocytes has been demonstrated. Successful treatment of infections in the diabetic requires early and exact diagnosis, the exhibition of the correct antimicrobials, the treatment of the diabetic state and associated disorders and prompt surgical intervention where required. Good control of blood glucose in diabetic patients is a desirable goal in the prevention of certain infections and to ensure maintenance of normal host defense mechanisms that determine resistance and response to infection.
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PMID:Infections in diabetes with special reference to diabetics in Singapore. 389 79

A study of 133 necropsies on leprosy patients showed that renal disease, pyogenic infections, and tuberculosis were the most frequent causes of death. Major kidney lesions encountered included glomerulonephritis of different types, pyemic abscess, acute tubercular necrosis, amyloidosis, and chronic pyelonephritis. In many cases the renal lesions were secondary to infections in other organs. Case control studies are required to determine if the high prevalence of these diseases is related to leprosy, its complications, or its therapy, per se, or if it is a reflection of the disadvantaged and poor socioeconomic status of these patients.
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PMID:Renal lesions and other major findings in necropsies of 133 patients with leprosy. 404 64

Nephrectomy has been carried out in 34 patients with hypertension associated with unilateral parenchymal renal disease (28 with unilateral pyelonephritis, 3 tuberculosis, 2 hypoplasia, and 1 adenocarcinoma). In 13 of the patients the blood pressure was corrected, in four it was improved, and in 17 it was unaffected. The intravenous pyelogram (by the infusion technique with nephrotomography if necessary) and renogram give adequate information in most patients with unilateral parenchymal renal disease but may need to be supplemented by aortography, or retrograde pyelography, or divided renal function studies in a few special circumstances. When the function of the damaged kidney is less than 25% of the total (which is well maintained), and the contralateral kidney is intact, nephrectomy is recommended provided the hypertension is significant; success is more likely in younger patients with a short history of hypertension.
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PMID:Results of nephrectomy in hypertension associated with unilateral renal disease. 567 12


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