Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using medical manuscripts and texts from the Byzantine period (330-1453), this article describes various, to date little discussed, aspects of Byzantine nosology, public health and therapeutics. Many diseases in the Byzantine era were widespread and had a high morbidity such as respiratory disease, various kinds of anaemia, pestilential diseases (e.g. quartan fever, plague, dysentery and cholera), parasitic diseases, orthopaedic, rheumatic and psychiatric disorders, trachoma and alcoholism. Other very serious and relatively frequent conditions included leprosy, mania, gout, cancerous tumours and ulcers. Important elements of nephrology and various renal diseases were described and investigated, such as acute and chronic renal failure, acute and chronic nephritis, pyelonephritis, necrotic renal diseases, crush syndrome, and ulcers of the kidneys, i.e. tuberculosis or renal tumours. The microhistology and physiology of the kidneys were first studied by Oribasius, who discerned the existence of the capillaries--tau rho iota chi omicron epsilon iota delta eta--some centuries before Malpighi. He also correctly described the blood circulation, general and pulmonary, as a precursor to Harvey. The first hospitals were organised during the Byzantine period, and the practice of Byzantine medical science and its social applications were regulated by a special medical legislation and deontology. Byzantine medicine was fruitfully connected with the Christian faith and developed the supreme model of the saints unmercenary--alpha nu alpha rho gamma epsilon rho omicron iota--physicians such as Cosmas and Damian (3rd century), Panteleemon (3rd-4th centuries) and the women physicians and miracle-worker saints, Zenais and Philonilla (1st century), the 'friends of peace', and Hermione (1st-2nd centuries).
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PMID:Diseases in the Byzantine world with special emphasis on the nephropathies. 918 37

Eight Escherichia coli isolates from ostriches with respiratory disease were investigated for the presence of genes encoding the following adhesins: type 1 pili (fim), pili associated with pyelonephritis (pap), S fimbriae (sfa), afimbrial adhesin (afaI), temperature regulated adhesin, curli (crl, csgA) and temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin (tsh). Genes for heat labile (LT) and heat stable (STa and STb) enterotoxins, Shiga toxins (stx1 and stx2), cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (cnf), alpha-haemolysin (hly) and aerobactin (aer) production were also investigated. Other characteristics investigated were the presence of hemagglutination activity, growth on an iron-deficient medium, aerobactin production, serum resistance, adherence to chicken tracheal cells, pathogenicity for day-old chicks, and serogroup. Serogrouping showed that four isolates belonged to serogroup O2, two to serogroup O78, one to serogroup O9, and one to serogroup O21. The virulence genes found were: fim in all eight isolates, csgA in seven, aer in six, and pap, crl and tsh in one isolate each. All isolates analyzed were positive for mannose-resistant hemagglutination, adhered in vitro to ciliated tracheal epithelium, grew on iron-deficient medium, and showed serum resistance. Pathogenicity tests on day-old chickens revealed one highly pathogenic isolate, three of low pathogenicity and four isolates with intermediate pathogenicity.
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PMID:Virulence properties of Escherichia coli isolated from ostriches with respiratory disease. 1152 67

Influenza is a respiratory disease caused by influenza viruses. The virus is responsible for pandemics by emergence of new viral strains, then for seasonal flu by antigenic drift. Seasonal flu is more frequent and severe in pregnant women, with increased risk of pneumonia and increased risk of hospitalization (but no increased death reported). Pandemic flu is more severe in pregnant women, with increased risk of pneumonia and increased mortality. Influenza vaccination is recommended for all women who are or will be pregnant (in any trimester) during influenza season. After closed contact with a flu case or in case of symptoms compatible with flu, early oseltamivir-based treatment (prophylactic in the first situation, curative in the latter one) is recommended, at any term of pregnancy. The occurrence of flu symptoms in a pregnant woman requires medical evaluation to confirm the diagnosis or identify any alternative infection requiring appropriate therapy like listeriosis, chorioamniotitis, pyelonephritis or viral primo-infection.
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PMID:[Influenza and pregnancy]. 2603 56

A 7-day-old calf died following development of mild respiratory symptoms. Postmortem examination revealed the kidneys were inflamed, and Gram-negative bacteria was detected in the kidneys, supporting the diagnosis of suppurative pyelonephritis. Mannheimia varigena antigen was found in the lesions and the cytoplasm of macrophages and neutrophils in the renal cortex. The Gram-negative bacilli from the kidney were identified as M. varigena by sequencing the 16S rDNA. Although M. varigena is known to cause bovine respiratory disease syndrome, shipping fever, and meningitis, it was unknown that it could also cause suppurative pyelonephritis. Our study provides the first evidence of suppurative pyelonephritis caused by M. varigena in cattle and information that would improve our understanding, diagnosis, and treatment for M. varigena infections.
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PMID:Pyelonephritis caused by Mannheimia varigena in a Holstein calf. 3125 35