Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 22-year review of 328 patients with Crohn's disease revealed 70 patients with urinary tract symptoms. Cystitis was the most common problem, occurring in 44 patients. The urinary tract infections were recurrent in most patients, usually with 3 or 4 attacks per year. Despite the persistence of urinary infection, only 3 patients developed chronic pyelonephritis. Forty-nine patients had intravenous urography, and many were found to have slight dilatation of the upper urinary tract on one side. Seven patients had hydronephrosis, 3 with pyonephrosis. Five of 6 patients who developed calculi had a bowel resection. All of the recovered calculi were oxalate stones, but 3 were passed spontaneously and not analyzed. Eight patients, 7 of them males, had an ileovesical fistula. In 1, the colon was also affected. It was unusual for these patients to have severe urinary symptoms. One patient had a fistula from the rectum to the urethra. Although 32 of the 70 patients were female, most of the severe complications occurred in men. Aggressive investigation is not indicated, nor is radical surgery required.
 ...
PMID:Urinary complications of Crohn's disease. 740 53

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare manifestation of chronic pyelonephritis. 11 cases were treated between 1988 and 1993. Patients age ranged from 17 to 60 years (mean 34 j). A pseudotumoral form was documented in 3 patients and pyonephrosis was found in 8 cases. Urine culture was usually positive for a non specific germ. Imaging technics could differentiate pseudotumoral disease from diffuse disease. Treatment consisted in a nephrectomy.
 ...
PMID:[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Apropos of 11 cases]. 772 86

The authors studied hydronephrosis characteristics for horseshoe kidney in 170 patients aged 15-70. Basing on anatomic and functional features and urethral condition in each patient 136 operative interventions on one or two parts of the fused kidney in 125 patients were conducted. 26 heminephrectomies were carried out in hydronephrosis stage III, pyonephrosis and acute purulent focal pyelonephritis. 110 stage I-II hydronephrosis patients underwent an original reconstructive combined surgery on the fused kidney ending in formation of two separate organs. High incidence of hydronephrosis in horseshoe kidney against that in normal kidney (64 and 7%, respectively) and not infrequent bilateral involvement (63%) can be explained by anomalous structure of the organ conducive to obstruction of the urinary tracts. In 136 surgical cases the obstruction was due to: peripelvic compression of the ureter above the isthmus of the kidney (128 cases), high branching of the ureter from the renal pelvis with formation of the "spur" (114 cases), periurethritis and the fixed peripelvic ureteral kink by the adhesions (64 cases), congenital stricture of the peripelvic ureter (42 cases) or its compression by the accessory vessel (12 cases). To correct these abnormalities, it is reasonable to employ reconstructive surgery proposed by E. M. Shimkus. The procedure implies the isthmus resection with renal segment part, resection of the lower calyx, pelvic plasty according to Anderson-Hines technique, pyelolithotomy and nephropexy. This surgery abolishes all the underlying causes of fused kidney hydronephrosis and reestablishes urodynamics. It secured positive results by 2-28-year follow-up in 95% of the patients and is recommended as a method of choice.
 ...
PMID:[Hydronephrosis in a horseshoe kidney]. 794 Nov 67

We reviewed 43 patients with staghorn calculi to determine the effectiveness of various treatment modalities such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) monotherapy, ESWL and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) combined therapy, and open stone surgery. While ESWL monotherapy and ESWL+PCNL were performed in 25 and 8 patients, respectively, 10 patients underwent open stone surgery. Of the 25 patients treated with ESWL, 8 were stone-free, whereas 4 out of 8 patients treated with ESWL+PCNL and 8 out of 10 patients treated with open surgery were stone-free. The complications of ESWL monotherapy consisted of pyelonephritis in one patient, and stone street formation in three. In the group of ESWL+PCNL, one patient developed pyonephrosis, and another perinephritic abscess. No serious complication was noted in patients who underwent open surgery, but an average of 525 ml of blood transfusion was required. We conclude that open stone surgery, although invasive, is still beneficial in the treatment of staghorn calculi.
 ...
PMID:Open stone surgery: is it still a preferable procedure in the management of staghorn calculi? 796 May 33

Every general practitioner has to deal with urologic emergencies. The most frequent illnesses are urinary retention, acute scrotum, priapism, macrohematuria, nephritic colic, obstructive pyelonephritis and pyonephrosis. Whereas urinary retention, as well as acute ureteric stone colic must generally be treated by the practitioner, the urologist must often be consulted in case of an acute scrotum or for priapism. Testicular torsion is one situation, where surgical treatment needs to be performed within 6 hours. Of utmost importance is his timely assistance with the obstructive pyelonephritis and pyonephrosis. These are initially often not recognized, especially because the first ultrasound examination of the intrarenal pyelone may not show a dilatation of the collecting system despite obstruction. If the adequate treatment with drainage and antibiotics is applied too late, this can result in serious and potentially lethal consequences.
 ...
PMID:[Urological emergencies]. 848 79

Urinary stones is a frequent disease whose renal complications can engage both functional and vital prognosis. We report 769 complicated cases observed 10 years. The diagnosis was made by intravenous urography and ultrasonography. 607 cases were mechanical complications, 582 hydronephrosis, 25 anuria, 262 were infectious complications, 82 chronic pyelonephritis, 60 pyonephrosis, 10 perinephric abscess. Treatment included adapted antibiotic therapy, ureteral catheter in case of anuria ; surgical extraction of the stone nephrectomy was performed in 100 patients. Results were generally good. 9 patients had endstage chronic renal failure. The high frequency of urinary stone complications is due to the fact that most patients consult late. The diagnosis must obviously be made.
 ...
PMID:[Complications of urinary calculi]. 897 91

We report 4 patients with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (diagnosed and treated between 1992 and 1996), aged 16 to 55 years (mean age 37 years). All had urolithiasis, pyonephrosis and nonfunctioning kidneys prior to surgical intervention, and underwent total nephrectomy. Clinical, laboratory and radiologic findings are discussed in the light of the cases reported in the literature.
 ...
PMID:Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: report of four cases. 969 28

Depending on the severity of the clinical syndrome, acute pyelonephritis may require more extensive imaging diagnostics. In the uncomplicated form of the disease, ultrasonography does not appear to be absolutely necessary. In clinically severe cases, however, which fail to respond to antibiotic therapy, ultrasound is the optimal procedure for ruling out urinary tract obstruction. Where there is clinical suspicion of complications proven risk factors, persistent fever and/or continuing pathological inflammation parameters (elevated C-reactive protein levels in serum)-ultrasonography is the primary imaging technique for the exclusion of pyonephrosis, as well as for other complicating factors such as calculi, etc. In cases of insufficient response to antibiotic therapy, we recommend performing a renal computed tomography scan with contrast medium, in order to rule out hypoenhancing zones as hints for severe tissue alterations. This procedure is in accordance with the suggestions of the Society for Uroradiology. In the future, DMSA scintigraphy might constitute an equivalent diagnostic method for the exclusion of these focal inflammatory changes. Above all, DMSA scintigraphy makes it possible to anticipate the development of scars following acute pyelonephritis.
 ...
PMID:Rational diagnostic steps in acute pyelonephritis with special reference to ultrasonography and computed tomography scan. 1039 80

Results of diagnosing pyelonephritis in 106 patients using ultrasonography, CT and thermovision were analyzed. Purulent pyelonephritis (PP) was diagnosed in 57 patients, serous pyelonephritis--in 49 patients. The sensitivity of ultrasonography in the diagnosing of PP was more than 80%, that of CT--90%. The methods used allowed the 100% improvement of the differential diagnosis of renal abscess, apostematous nephritis and pyonephrosis. The greatest problems were met in the diagnosis of renal carbuncle which was detected in 50% of cases by ultrasonography and in 54% of patients by CT. The minimum sizes of the destruction focus when the diagnosis could be reliable were 2 cm for ultrasonography and 1.5 cm for CT. Only using the findings of CT could diagnose emphysematous pyelonephritis. Thermovision could not find any definite criteria of PP. The timely diagnosis of PP allowed the organ-saving operations to be fulfilled in the overwhelming amount of the patients. Positive results of the treatment using the above mentioned diagnostic methods were obtained in 98.8% of the patients.
 ...
PMID:[Characteristics of the diagnosis of purulent pyelonephritis]. 1120 37

We report the successful use of i.v. magnesium sulphate to control life-threatening autonomic hyper-reflexia associated with chronic spinal cord injury in the intensive care environment. A 37-yr-old, male was admitted to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of septic shock and acute renal failure secondary to pyelonephritis. He had been found unresponsive at home following a 2-day history of pyrexia and purulent discharge from his suprapubic catheter. He had sustained a T5 spinal cord transection 20 yr previously. Initial management included assisted ventilation, fluid resuscitation, vasopressor support, and continuous veno-venous haemofiltration. The sepsis was treated with antibiotic therapy and percutaneous nephrostomy drainage of the pyonephrosis. On the fifth day, the patient developed profuse diarrhoea. This was associated with paroxysms of systemic hypertension and diaphoresis, his arterial pressure rising on occasion to 240/140 mm Hg. A diagnosis of autonomic hyper-reflexia was made and a bolus dose of magnesium sulphate 5 g was administered over 15 min followed by an infusion of 1-2 g h(-1). There was an almost immediate decrease in the severity and frequency of the hypertensive episodes. There were no adverse cardiac effects associated with the administration of magnesium, only a slight decrease in minute ventilation as the plasma level approached the upper end of the therapeutic range (2-4 mmol litre(-1)). In view of the beneficial effects observed in this case we advocate further research into the use of magnesium sulphate in the treatment or prevention of autonomic hyper-reflexia secondary to chronic spinal cord injury in the intensive care unit.
 ...
PMID:Management of life-threatening autonomic hyper-reflexia using magnesium sulphate in a patient with a high spinal cord injury in the intensive care unit. 1199 Feb 79


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>