Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Light and electron microscopic examinations of biopsies of the renal cortex were carried out in 24 patients with chronic pyelonephritis and 12 patients with hydronephrosis, as well as of the medullar substance in 7 of these patients after nephrectomy. A detailed analysis of the processes of granule formation in epithelioid cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) using the previously reported method of mathematical evaluation of the shape of granules (ellipticity) established a moderate direction correlation between the ellipticity of the granules and the level of proteinuria. Signs of activation were found in intact JGA: an increased amount of diamondshaped protogranules. The number of lipid granules decreased in interstitial cells of the medullar substance. In exacerbations of chronic pyelonephritis and experimentally, degenerative and necrotic changes were found in interstitial cells due to edema and infiltration of the medullar substance with polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lymphocytes.
 ...
PMID:[Juxtaglomerular apparatus and interstitial cells of kidney medulla in hydronephrosis and chronic pyelonephritis]. 711 24

In 115 patients with various glomerular diseases and in 23 with chronic pyelonephritis the comparative incidence of glomerular fibrin deposits, and blood and urinary FDP was studied for evaluation of their clinical value. The results of the study indicate that the determination of urinary FDP is the most reliable clinico-laboratory test for the presence of increased intrarenal haemocoagulation. Moreover, the quantitative assessment of urinary FDP could be also used as an index for estimating the activity of the pathological process, the selectivity of proteinuria, the need for anticoagulant therapy, and the prognosis of the disease.
 ...
PMID:Fibrin deposits in the glomeruli and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) in the blood and urine in some renal diseases. 711 91

One hundred and thirty patients with primary chronic pyelonephritis diagnosed radiologically or by nephrectomy, 84 with unilateral and 46 with bilateral disease, have been followed for six to 240 months. The clinical and radiological features of the disease at presentation, together with its influence on pregnancy, have been analysed. Serial observations of bacteriuria, blood pressure and renal function have been made during follow up and the intravenous urogram (IVU) has been repeated after five years in most patients. Although the disease probably starts in early childhood it often presents to the nephrologist in young adults, mainly women, as symptomatic urinary tract infection, hypertension, renal insufficiency or a combination of these features. Though associated with increased morbidity in pregnancy it does not usually interfere with fertility and in this series it did not cause increased fetal loss. Repeated urinary tract infections and hypertension are common events. Proteinuria is usually minimal and when present is associated with hypertension. The disease in most patients with unilateral disease runs a benign course; a poorer prognosis is associated with bilateral disease, hypertension and proteinuria. Since we found no association between frequent urinary infections and declining renal function we suggest that only symptomatic urinary infection should be treated in adults with chronic pyelonephritis.
 ...
PMID:The natural history of chronic pyelonephritis in the adult. 715 21

Gross vesico-ureteric reflux is the essential pathogenetic factor in the etiology of the small, scarred kidney of non-obstructive, chronic pyelonephritis (reflux nephropathy). 18 (12.5%) of 144 patients entering a dialysis-transplant programme had end-stage reflux nephropathy. The majority of patients initially presented with severely impaired renal function, hypertension and significant proteinuria. Documented urinary tract infections had only occurred in one-third of the patients. 8 of the 12 women presented during a pregnancy, usually with a presentation resembling toxaemia of pregnancy. Reflux nephropathy is a significant cause of end-stage chronic renal failure.
 ...
PMID:End-stage reflux nephropathy. 726 18

We have described a case of reversible acute renal failure caused by acute pyelonephritis. In this entity, the kidneys are swollen by an interstitial infiltrate and edema, and white cell tubular casts and microabscesses may be present. Fractional excretion of sodium is high, and nephrotic proteinuria may occur without glomerular abnormalities. Recovery of renal function may occur if antibiotics are promptly instituted. Renal size generally decreases after recovery.
 ...
PMID:Reversible acute renal failure secondary to acute pyelonephritis. 736 Nov 50

An 18-month-old Friesian heifer, which was admitted in November with a history of weight loss, diarrhoea and submandibular oedema, was found to have an enlarged left kidney and a massive proteinuria. Laboratory investigations revealed that there was a marked hypoalbuminaemia and that the range and the proportions of the individual proteins in the urine were almost identical to those in the serum. Consequently, the nephrotic syndrome was diagnosed. On gross and histopathological examination of the kidneys, there was evidence of pyelonephritis. However, immunofluorescence studies revealed a striking diffuse deposition of immunoglobulin in a predominantly linear pattern along the glomerular basement membranes. Abnormalities of the basement membranes. Abnormalities of the basement membranes were seen on ultrastructural examination and evidence of a flomerular protein leak was detected but changes typical of immune-complex deposition were absent. The immunofluorescence findings suggested a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis mediated by antiglomerular basement membrane antibody.
 ...
PMID:The nephrotic syndrome in a heifer due to glomerulonephritis. 741 86

Urinary tract infection by Staphylococcus saprophyticus was provoked in two female grivet monkeys. A non-hemagglutinating strain of S. saprophyticus was injected into the renal pelvis of one of the animals (monkey I), while in the other (monkey II), a hemagglutinating strain of the same species was inoculated into the bladder by suprapubic puncture. In monkey I, massive hematuria and proteinuria were demonstrated during the post-inoculation (p.i.) week, after which the monkey was killed. In monkey II, which was killed after 2 weeks, hematuria and proteinuria were present during the first 5 p.i. days. In both monkeys, S. saprophyticus was isolated in numbers < 10(5) bacteria/ml bladder urine on each p.i. day. Autopsy of monkey I revealed acute pyelonephritis and inflammatory changes in the ureter on the same side on which S. saprophyticus had been inoculated. In monkey II, both kidneys were enlarged and there were signs of acute pyelonephritis. The histopathological examination revealed microabscesses, interstitial infiltration and numerous leukocytes in the tubules. Both the ureters of monkey II were congested and microscopically an acute inflammatory reaction was found. Inflammatory signs were also present in the bladder. Scanning electron microscopy revealed cocci adhering to the epithelial lining of the urinary tract.
 ...
PMID:Experimental acute pyelonephritis in grivet monkeys, provoked by Staphylococcus saprophyticus. 741 43

The nephrotoxicity, pharmacokinetic and therapeutic activity of fosfomycin were investigated in female wistar-rats. Measures of nephrotoxicity were urinary excretion of tubular cells and of the enzymes MDH, LDH, and GOT. Histological investigations and estimation of serum urea concentration and proteinuria were also evaluated. The doses of 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, and 5000 mg/kg/d were administered in 9 single doses with 12 hours interval. The lowest dose which induced a significantly increased tubular cell excretion was 1000 mg/kg/d and therefore in the same range as the tubulotoxic threshold doses of cephalosporins. Chemotherapy of the chronic estrogen induced pyelonephritis revealed equally favourable results for fosfomycin and cefuroxim at dosages of 2 X 150 mg/kg/d. The pharmacokinetics of fosfomycin at a single dose of 150 mg/kg/d were equivalent to those of cefuroxim. These animal experiments showed fosfomycin to be of value as a therapeutic alternative to cephalosporin antibiotics.
 ...
PMID:[Fosfomycin: animal experiments on nephrotoxicity, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy (author's transl)]. 746 97

Between April 1985 and April 1992, 25,672 men (age 47 +/- 9 years, mean +/- SD) and 9,791 women (48 +/- 9 years) underwent mass urinalysis in the Center for Adult Complete Physical Examination in our hospital. The results revealed proteinuria in 6.3% of the men and 4.4% of the women and hematuria in 17.4% of the men and 37.8% of the women. Thirty-five subjects with asymptomatic persistent proteinuria and/or hematuria identified as a result of follow-up testing by the nephrologists at our hospital underwent renal biopsy. All of the biopsy specimens obtained were examined by light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy. Histopathological findings in the biopsy specimens from these 35 subjects were as follows: One case (3%) of chronic pyelonephritis, 11 cases (31%) of IgA nephropathy, 4 cases (11%) of IgA nephropathy (severe type), 5 cases (14%) of membranous nephropathy, 4 cases (11%) of thin basement membrane disease (TMD), 7 cases (28%) of benign nephrosclerosis and 3 cases (9%) of minor glomerular abnormality. Light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy for histopathological assessment of renal specimens, especially for the diagnosis of TDM, which was not uncommon, were indispensable tools in our study. Moreover, it is essential for proteinuria and hematuria to be tested simultaneously using the same standard method in all the urine specimens collected.
 ...
PMID:[Histopathological assessment of renal biopsy specimens of subjects with urine abnormality]. 760 27

Computer-aided urinodiagnosis of renal diseases consists in collection of a series of urinary portions in fixed periods at rest, during exercise and drug loading with assessment in each of these portions of protein, urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorus, and potassium. Concentrations of all elements are determined by open auto-analyzers using special programs; protein content is measured by two methods, sulfosalicylic acid test and Biuret method. Two data sets are formed including, respectively, information on protein content obtained by the said methods; these data are processed using special programs to reveal the regularities typical of various renal diseases. The method helps diagnose various morphologic types of glomerulonephritis and renal amyloidosis, chronic pyelonephritis and renal tuberculosis, permits assess the risk of oncological diseases of the kidneys and the type of changes in various parts of the nephron and mechanisms of proteinuria.
 ...
PMID:[Computer-assisted urino-diagnosis of kidney diseases using open-type biochemical analyzers]. 803 51


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>