Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Isotope renography was carried out in 64 kidney transplant patients attending a follow-up clinic. Graft survival in these patients ranged from two months to ten years. Forty-one patients had normal renograms and 98% of these had satisfactory function (creatinine clearance greater than 50 ml/min). Eighteen patients showed a major renogram abnormality and 50% of these had impaired function. Five of these 18 have been explored and found to have graft complications (obstructive disease in four, chronic pyelonephritis in one). Exploration has not been undertaken in the remaining 13 but nine show evidence suggestive of graft pathology (proteinuria, impaired creatinine clearance, elevated urinary enzymes, calyceal distortion on IVP). A successful kidney transplant should result in a normal isotope renogram, and a major abnormality of the renogram suggests the presence of a graft complication, even when the creatinine clearance is unimpaired. We feel renography is useful for identification of renal transplant patients who require further investigation or closer follow-up.
 ...
PMID:Isotope renography and long term follow-up of renal transplant patients. 36 Nov 40

Lipid A injected into the temporarily occluded renal pelvis of adult dogs, persisted in the kidney tissue and induced an abacterial interstitial nephritis with positive anti-lipid A titers. This reaction was increased by a single dose of lipid A vaccine, reduced by four consecutive immunisations prior to the lipid A injection and absent in puppies. The presence of IgG, IgM and complement complexes in the kidney was demonstrated by immunofluoroscopy. Lipid A antibody titers were measured by the passive hemolysis test in 349 humans. In two out of 20 healthy adults and 16 out of 18 children with recurrent urinary tract infection anti-lipid A antibodies were present. In contrast, no titers were found in 23 newborn babies. In a group of 156 patients with acute urinary tract infection, 28% revealed positive titers, whereas in a group of 132 patients with recurrent urinary tract infection titers occurred in 81%. Selected from this group of 132 patients 61 suffered from an acute infection of the upper tract. 59 oft these (96%) showed definite titers. There was no difference in the development of anti-lipid A antibodies between men and women and the height of the titers did not correlate with the clinical picture of the disease (acute or chronic). The combination of proteinuria and anti-lipid A antibodies indicates the pressure of reccurrent urinary tract infection or chronic pyelonephritis with about 90% accuracy. The titers are caused by immunogenically active lipid A in the body. Since lipid A has the ability to remain in the renal tissue for a long period of time and thereby to maintain the inflammatory response, long-term antimicrobial prophylaxis (six months) should be given to patients with a high risk of recurrent urinary tract infection.
 ...
PMID:[Lipoid A, a factor in the pathogenesis of chronic pyelonephritis. Experimental and clinical studies of a lipoid A dependent pathological immune reaction]. 37 74

In a comprehensive survey the diagnostic and therapeutic problems of pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis are discussed. The importance of thorough nephrological diagnostics is pointed out. The first section of the paper describes the diagnostic procedures such as x-ray and laboratory work (tubular proteinuria, antibody-coated bacteria) and the chemotherapy in pyelonephritis. The second part deals with glomerulonephritis, the aspects of histological classification, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic principles, prognosis, and results of therapy with penicillin G (acute form), corticosteroids, azathioprine, indomethacin, and cyclophosphamide.
 ...
PMID:[Diagnosis and therapy of pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis]. 41 72

In order to assess to what extent glomerular or tubular function is involved in the renal handling of amylase and the lysozyme to creatine clearance ratios (CAm/CCr and CLys/CCr) were evaluated in 22 healthy volunteers and in 71 patients with different renal diseases. In normal controls, the mean CAm/CCr was 2.55 +/-1.54 SD, with an upper normal limit of 5.56. A normal ratio was found in patients with glomerulonephritis, with or without a nephrotic syndrome, and in patients with pyelonephritis. A significantly elevated ratio (P less than 0.001) was instead found in patients with uremia and in patients with uremia and in patients with either chronic or acute tubular damage. The CLus/CCr ratio was elevated in all the groups, except in patients with glomerulonephritis and minimal proteinuria. These results show that in humans, as in animals, the amylase filtered load undergoes partial tubular reabsorption. In renal diseases, an increase of the CAm/CCr is caused by either a marked reduction of functioning nephrons or a severe tubular damage, while the glomerular permeability does not seem to be involved. Some other mechanism is probably involved in the elevation of the CAm/CCr during acute pancreatitis.
 ...
PMID:Amylase to creatine clearance ratio in renal diseases. 44 31

Renal tissues were studied using electron microscopy (EM) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM) from three patients who were found to have chronic interstitial nephritis (pyelonephritis) by light microscopy (LM). By LM, 90% of the glomeruli in two patients and all glomeruli in one patient were normal. By EM, glomerular capillaries in all patients revealed generalized fusion of epithelial foot processes. In two patients, IFM for immunoglobulins, third component of complement and fibrinogen were negative. These two patients received corticosteroids for 6 to 12 weeks. In one, proteinuria markedly decreased (from 17.9 to 1.1 gm) in four weeks and in the other follow-up studies of renal histology revealed normal glomeruli and partial restoration of foot processes by LM and EM respectively. Thus, this study offers evidence for lipoid nephrosis (or minimal lesion disease) as an etiology of nephrotic syndrome in chronic interstitial nephritis (pyelonephritis). The impaired renal function in these patients is attributed to tubulo-interstitial disease rather than glomerular pathology. It remains to be determined whether the two disparate pathological conditions have coexisted or chronic interstitial nephritis had led to the appearance of lipoid nephrosis through an unidentified mechanism.
 ...
PMID:An etiology of nephrotic syndrome in chronic interstitial nephritis (pyelonephritis); an electron microscopic study. 61 Apr 18

Voided urine samples from healthy persons and patients with glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis and bacterial urinary tract infection were examined. Urine from healthy persons contained 0-12 granulocytes/mm3, 0 mononuclear leukocytes/mm3 and -2 renal epithelial cells/mm3. Urine from patients contained a larger number of cells/mm3 than did urine from healthy persons. With differential counting of granulocytes, mononuclear leukocytes and renal epithelial cells patients with glomerulonephritis could be separated from patients with chronic pyelonephritis or bacterial urinary tract infection. The percentage values obtained at differential counting were not correlated to age, sex, total number of cells/mm3, proteinuria or serum creatinine level.
 ...
PMID:Differential count and quantitative estimation of granulocytes, mononuclear leukocytes and renal epithelial cells in urine. 66 15

Chronic atrophic pyelonephritis is associated with vesicoureteric reflux in infancy. Reflux disappears during childhood in 50% of cases. It is more commonly detected in infants (49%) and children (26%) with infection than in adults (4.4%). Severe reflux may persist in adults and is usually (94%) associated with scarring. Patients with end-stage renal failure due to pyelonephritis are much younger than patients with end-stage renal failure due to other causes. The incidence of reflux according to sex is equal in infancy, but after infancy both pyelonephritic scarring and reflux are far more common in females. Infection is the likely cause of progressive scarring in females. Hypertension is associated with chronic atrophic pyelonephritis. Proteinuria is the worst prognostic feature in patients with reflux nephropathy and pyelonephritic scarring. Intrarenal reflux determines the site of scarring. The role of surgical correction of vesicoureteric reflux remains uncertain, but meticulous control of infection appears to prevent progressive scarring.
 ...
PMID:Reflux nephropathy and chronic atrophic pyelonephritis: a review. 73 56

In 6 of 24 courses of a disease a nephrotic syndrome appeared under the application of penicillamine. An acute renal failure with exitus letalis developed under the penicillamine therapy of a scleroderma. In the treatment of a mercurial poisoning by penicillamine the nephrotic syndrome increased to a proteinuria of 50 g/24 hours which receded after discontinuation of the remedy. In one group of patients with chronic pyelonephritis could be demonstrated that penicillamine in a primarily damaged kidney must not lead to a secondary glomerular lesion. These findings led to the conclusion that in the appearance of a proteinuria under penicillamine a strong observation of the renal function is necessary, if a continution of the therapy is given from vital indication.
 ...
PMID:[Penicillamine-induced glomerulonephritis]. 84 41

Lipid A antibody titers were measured by the passive hemolysis test in 349 humans. In two out of 20 healthy adults and 16 out of 18 children with recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in the presence of anomalies anti-lipid A antibodies were present. In contrast, no titers were found in 23 newborn babies. In a group of 156 patients with acute UTI, 28% revealed positive titers, whereas in a group of 132 patients with recurrent UTI titers occurred in 81%. In a selected group of 132 patients with recurrent infections of the upper tract 59 (=96%) showed definite titers. There was no difference in the development of anti-lipid A antibodies between men and women and the height of the titers did not correlate with the clinical picture of the disease (acute or chronic). The combination of proteinuria and anti-lipid A antibodies indicates the presence of recurrent UTI or chronic pyelonephritis with about 90% accuracy. The titers are caused by immunogenically active lipid A in the body. Since lipid A has the ability to remain in the renal tissue for a long period of time and thereby to maintain the inflamatory response, long-term antimicrobial prophylaxis (six months) should be given to patients with a high risk of recurrent UTI.
 ...
PMID:[Occurence, significance and clinical consequences of lipid A antibody titers in patients with urinary tract infection (author's transl)]. 91 62

Urinary excretion of lysozyme was investigated in a group of 66 patients with various renal diseases, nephrolitiasis and urinary tract infections. The results obtained demonstrate that the amount of the enzyme excreted is related to the entity of tubular damage whereas is not with glomerular damage. No correlation was found between lysozyme excretion neither to the degree of proteinuria neither to the amount of leukocytes and bacteria in the urine. In patients with urinary infections urinary lysozyme increases only when there is a tubular injury of some entity. In 90 pediatric patients with urinary infection and pyelonephritis lysozyme in the urine was found only in two cases. Therefore urinary lysozyme determination cannot be considered for the detection of early tubular injury and is not a helpful diagnostic tool in urinary tract infections.
 ...
PMID:[Behaviour of urinary excretion of lysozyme in renal diseases and in urinary tract infections (author's transl)]. 102 90


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>