Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Urinary tract infections can be found in either sex at any age. While the majority occur in adult females as acute cystitis, recurrent symptomatic bacteriuria, or asymptomatic bacteriuria, adult males with prostatitis or acute pyelonephritis and children with symptomatic urinary tract infections comprise a considerable portion of patients seen. Management in pregnant females or in males with indwelling catheters or before prostatic surgery presents special problems. The choice of drug and dosage schedule should vary according to the infecting agent and the clinical state of the patient.
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PMID:Urinary tract infections. 24 8

The distinction between upper and lower urinary tract infection (UTI) is of great help in the management and treatment of these conditions. The antibody-coating technique was used to investigate urine of patients with nephrostomies, chronic and acute pyelonephritis, chronic and acute cystitis, of male patients with dysuria and significant bacteriuria and of female patients with indwelling catheters. Furthermore this indirect method was compared with FAIRLEY'S direct method for localization of UTI in female patients with indwelling catheters. All tests were positive in patients with nephrostomies and acute pyelonephritis. Out of 19 tests in patients with chronic pyelonephritis, 18 were positive and one negative. Antibody-coated bacteria were present in 4 out of 8 patients with chronic cystitis and in 2 out of 9 patients with acute cystitis. Out of 5 male patients with dysuria and significant bacteriuria, 3 had a positive test. Out of 25 women with indwelling catheters 20 exhibited antibody-coated bacteria in urine and 5 did not. In 9 female patients with indwelling catheters the UTI was localized in the upper tract 5 times by the Fairley technique but 7 times by determination of antibody-coated bacteria. The demonstration of antibody-coated bacteria in the urine is a simple and reliable method of localizing the site of a UTI. False positive results may be observed in patients with indwelling catheters and prostatitis; in both instances there is probably local antibody production and coating of the bacteria. As the test is relatively expensive and time-consuming, it is indicated only in special situations and is not considered a routine screening procedure.
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PMID:[Antibody-coated bacteria and localization of urinary tract infection]. 33 68

In selected patients, detection of antibody-coated bacteria (ACB) in voided urine has correlated with upper urinary tract infection. From unselected patients, we studied 350 consecutive urine specimens submitted to the diagnostic laboratory with colony counts greater than or equal to 10(5)/ml. In 19% (55) among 288 specimens selected for final analysis ACB occurred. There were no substantial differences in the occurrence of ACB by age or sex of patients or by species of bacteria. The relationship of ACB to clinical syndromes was: asymptomatic bacteriuria, 15% (27/178); cystitis, 8% (6/75); acute hemorrhagic cystitis, 67% (4/6); prostatitis, 67% (2/3); and acute pyelonephritis, 62% (16/26). Among seven clinical findings, only structural abnormalities of the upper urinary tract correlated with the presence of ACB. Failure of fever and leukocytosis to correlate with ACB probably reflected the presence of other associated primary medical or surgical conditions.
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PMID:The relationship of antibody-coated bacteria to clinical syndromes as found in unselected populations with bacteriuria. 35 94

In 138 adults with monomicrobial E. coli urinary tract infections, IgG coated bacteriuria (ACB) are found in 9/10 acute pyelonephritis, 21/24 chronic pyelonephritis, 2/5 acute prostatitis, and in only 6/99 lower UTI. These urinary antibodies are synthetised localy because IgA-S are found in 75%, in the kidney because humoral IgG antibodies are detected in only 40% of the ACB + patients. O6, O18, O22, O75, are the four most frequent O antigens (47,5%) and no difference were found in the distribution of O serotypes according to ACB production or clinical signs. But rough strains are significantly more frequent in pyelonephritis, suggesting a modification of the bacterial wall. The use of ACB test and O serotyping allows a better follow-up of patients, but relapses with ACB- and reinfection with ACB+ show the complexity of the relation host-E. coli.
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PMID:[Production of O antigens and antibodies during urinary tract infections due to Escherichia coli (author's transl)]. 37 88

The antibody-coated bacteria (ACB) immunofluorescence test has emerged as the preferred noninvasive technique to distinguish reliably between pyelonephritis and cystitis. Investigators have recently correlated a positive test with chronic bacterial prostatitis and cystitis complicating a bladder tumor or stone. We present data that appear to prove that acute bacterial epididymitis associated with bacteriuria can also evoke a positive ACB determination.
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PMID:Epididymitis as cause of antibody-coated bacteria in urine. 38 44

A clinical investigation was carried out on a new penicillin derivative, bacampicillin with the following results. (1) Clinical effect--Bacampicillin was administered orally to 18 patients with acute simple cystitis, acute simple pyelonephritis, chronic prostatitis and acute gonorrhoic urethritis. Daily doses ranged from 750 mg to 1,000 mg. The administration continued for 4 to 14 days. Clinical effect was excellent in 10 patients and good in 5 patients. (2) Side effect--Side effects were noticed in 4 patients, one was allergic eruption and other 3 were gastralgia. In a patient the drug was discontinued to administer.
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PMID:[Clinical investigation on a new penicillin derivative, bacampicillin (author's transl)]. 49 Aug 99

Basic and clinical investigation on the intravenous administration of sulbenicillin in moderate dose (510g daily) was carried out to evaluate its clinical effect in systemic infections due to gram-negative bacilli. The following results were obtained. (1) In human subjects received 5 g intravenous drip infusion, the peak blood levels were found at the end of infusion. In 6 cases with normal renal function (Ccr greater than or equal to 70ml/min.) the peak blood level was 181 mcg/ml on the average and the half-life 1.1 hours, while in 3 cases with impaired renal function (Ccr less than 70 ml/min.) the peak level 216 mcg/ml and the half-life longer than 2 hours. The height of the peak level seemed to be subjected to the duration of infusion. The renal excretion of sulbenicllin was 55.2% on the average both in cases with normal and impaired renal functions. (2) Sulbenicillin, 510g daily divided in 2 doses, was administered to 15 cases including 6 cases with acute pyelonephritis, 3 with acute cystitis, 3 with biliary tract infection, 2 with respiratory tract infection and 1 with acute prostatitis. All the cases except 3 cases with acute pyelonephritis had underlying diseases. Escherichia coli was isolated from 10 cases, Klebsiella from 2, Pseudomonas aeruginosa from 1, and unidentified gram-negative bacilli from 1. Eleven cases responded to the treatment, but 4 cases failed. In 11 cases with susceptible bacteria, 8 cases responded bacteriologically (2 cases recurred), and 3 cases failed to respond. A case with biliary tract infection due to E. coli did not respond to 5 g daily treatment, but responded to 5 g twice daily. Two cases due to organisms which were not inhibited by 200mcg/ml in vitro did not respond to the treatment. (3) A moderate decrease in red blood cell number and hemoglobin content was observed in one case. A transient increase in transaminase and alkaline phosphatase level was observed in other cases.
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PMID:[Studies on the intravenous administration of sulbenicillin (author's transl)]. 77 28

The presence of antibody coated bacteria in the urinary sediment was correlated with the infection site in 151 patients. 86 patients were followed regularly and support sequential data. A positive test is noted in most of the chronic pyelonephritis cases in all the prostatitis cases and in some of the chronic infection on bladder disease. In recurrent cystitis the test is generally negative as in acute pyelonephritis seen within 24 hours.
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PMID:[Antibody coated bacteria in urinary sediment (author's transl)]. 79 92

Report is given of clinical experiences gained with the new developed semi-syntheticpenicillin "Spectacillin" on 75 patients suffering from an urological disease. The drug has been applied for therapy of acute and chronic forms of inflammations of the bladder and the urethra, additionally the prostatitis, the epididymitis, but first of all the pyelonephritis (caused bacterially). Within the germ spectrum of these diseases, germs of the coli-type, streptococcus faecalis (enterococcus), staphylococcus aureus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, proteus, pseudomonas and aerobacter were found. Patients with acute/subacute diseases have been treated 8 to 9 days (3-4 grams per day) on an average; in case of chronic diseases, the patients received initially 1 gram a day and thereupon during 3 to 4 weeks 3 to 4 grams per day. The well-succeeded results have been documentated by means of the clinical course, the germ-elimination and the laboratory findings. The exanthematous quote may be demonstrated as remarkably low, considering the good universal compatibility of the substance. For this reason "Spectacillin" not finally is suitable for treatment of acute and chronic infections of the urogenital systems.
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PMID:[Clinical study with Spectacillin on patients with infections of the urogenital system (author's transl)]. 80 72

Amoxicillin, a synthetic penicillin with a broad antibacterial spectrum, was administed in a daily dose of 1.0 g (in potency) to 47 patients who came to the department of urology (6 patients in whom the antibiotic was used for the prevention of infections included). The results are summarized in the following. 1. The patients with urological infections who were treated with amoxicillin included 20 patients with acute cystitis, 1 with acute urethritis, 18 with chronic prostatitis, 1 with epididymitis, 1 with pyelonephritis and 6 patients in whom the antibiotic was used for the prevention of infections. Amoxicillin was remarkably effective in 27 patients (58.7%), effective in 7 patients (15.2%), but ineffective in 12 patients (26.1%), with the overall effectiveness of 73.9%. The therapy was withdrawn in one patient because of side effects. 2. A patient with acute cystitis showed eruption which was probably associated with allergic reaction to penicillin, and the administration was discontinued. Other side effects worth mentioning were not observed.
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PMID:[Clinical experience with amoxicillin (Pasetocin) in urology (author's transl)]. 83 37


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