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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Baboons, unlike many other species of nonhuman primates rarely have spontaneous renal diseases of clinical or morphologic significance. The most common renal lesions in captive baboons were minor interstitial lymphoreticular infiltrates and hyalinization of occasional glomeruli. Embolic pyelonephritis associated with septicemia contributed to the deaths of several young baboons. One adult male had acute myoglobinuric nephrosis (Meyer-Betz disease) with extensive skeletal muscle necrosis.
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PMID:Renal pathology in captive baboons (Papio cynocephalus). 734 47

Nubian goats were experimentally infected with Corynebacterium renale type II by either the intravenous or intraurethral routes using infection rates of 1.75 x 10(10), 7.08 x 10(19) or 5 x 10(23) organisms. All inoculated goats were anorexic, lost weight and became dull or depressed. Albuminuria, pyuria and epithelial casts were noted in the urine. Following intravenous challenge the animals showed a dose-related elevation of serum ammonia, urea, and creatinine with significant changes in haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume and leucocyte counts. A mild to severe (sometimes haemorrhagic) cystitis and urethritis and a mild nephrosis were noted post mortem and mucoserous or mucogelatinous non-purulent discharges were present in the renal pelvis. The findings are compared to the naturally occurring C. renale pyelonephritis in cattle and the suitability of the goat as a model for that disease is discussed.
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PMID:The goat as a model for Corynebacterium renale pyelonephritis. 829 60

The medical records of out-patients and in-patients served as the source of information for the incidence of nephrourological diseases, within the period 1983-1992. Cancer Registry and other appropriate registries of central Serbia were analysed, too. Mortality data were taken from the Republic Institute of Statistics. Descriptive method was used in epidemiological analysis. The highest incidence rates of kidney diseases were in central Serbia (59.6%), and the lowest in Kosovo and Metohija (40.2%). The most frequent were nephrolithiasis (26%), bladder and urethral diseases (20%) and pyelonephritis (17%). Mortality rates were highest for nephrosis and nephritis (13.7%). Men died more frequently due to malignant tumours of the bladder (4.9%) and kidney (2.3%) than women (1.2% and 1.6%). Unsteady quality of original data referring to constitutional parts of Serbia interfered with total comprehension of the epidemiological situation.
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PMID:[Descriptive-epidemiologic aspects of nephro-urologic diseases in Serbia]. 910 97

Diuretic and aciduretic reactions were compared in healthy children and children with various renal diseases using furosemide loading test. Diuresis, urinary pH, urinary excretion of titered acids and ammonium, and ammonium coefficient were evaluated in healthy controls, patients with chronic and acute renal insufficiency, convalescents after acute renal insufficiency and acute postinfection glomerulonephritis, patients with chronic pyelonephritis, interstitial nephritis, lipoid nephrosis, hematuric chronic glomerulonephritis, and patients with a solitary kidney. Diuresis, urinary pH, ammonium excretion, and ammonium coefficient are proposed as the main test parameters. Patients with the distal tubular acidosis syndrome formed a special group by the results of urinary pH measurements during the third hour of furosemide action. The test helps evaluate the severity of disease and predict its course.
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PMID:[Functional furosemide loading test. Practical use in children with kidney diseases]. 1201 72

Ultrasonography is a helpful diagnostic tool in cattle with urinary tract disorders. It can be used to diagnose pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, hydronephrosis, renal cysts, renal tumors, amyloidosis, cystitis, bladder paralysis, bladder rupture, bladder neoplasms, and, occasionally, nephrosis, glomerulonephritis, and embolic nephritis. This article describes the anatomy, scanning technique, indications, limitations, normal and pathologic sonographic appearance of the bovine urinary tract. References from horses and humans are included, especially when the sonographic findings in these species may complement the understanding of similar diseases reported in cattle.
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PMID:Ultrasonography of bovine urinary tract disorders. 1982 38

The urofacial syndrome is probably a subset of neurogenic bladder dysfunction syndromes characterized by detrusor-sphincter discoordination along with a characteristic inversion of facial expression with laughing. This characteristic facial expression can facilitate early detection of this disorder, which leads to poor bladder emptying with high residual urine, hydro-nephrosis with vesico-ureteral reflux and potentially renal failure if left untreated. The etiology of the urofacial syndrome is unknown. In our case, a 12-year-old boy of Middle-Eastern origin presented to the Outpatient Department of our hospital with left pyelonephritis, hydronephrosis and bladder dilatation. Voiding cystourethrography performed 15 days later revealed left vesicoureteral reflux. Cystoscopy revealed bladder trabeculation however an anatomic urethral obstruction was not noticed. Both, neurological examination and radiography of the lumbosacral spine were normal. Urodynamic evaluation revealed the typical findings of detrusor-sphincter discoordination.
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PMID:Urofacial syndrome: A subset of neurogenic bladder dysfunction syndromes? 2136 96

This review article is written to describe the results of ultrasonography of the kidneys in healthy camels as well as camels with some renal disorders. In the dromedary camel, the physiology of the kidney is of interest in view of the specialization of the camel to hot dry deserts and to prolonged periods without water. It plays an important role in water conservation through the production of highly concentrated urine that may predispose animal to varieties of renal disorders. Examples of kidney affections in dromedary camels are renal capsular pigmentation, medullary hyperemia, subcapsular calcification, cortical and medullar discoloration, hemorrhage in renal pelvis, nephrolithiasis, and hydatidosis. Congestion, hemorrhage, hydronephrosis, acute glomerulonephritis, subacute glomerulonephritis, chronic glomerulonephritis, diffuse interstitial nephritis, focal interstitial nephritis, renal cyst, hyaline degeneration, renal amyloidosis, tubular nephrosis, pyelonephritis, hemosiderosis, and renal toxicity. When the kidney is examined by ultrasonography, the clinician can get sufficient information about the size, position, and echo patterns of the renal cortex and medulla and renal pelvis and outlines of the renal blood vessels. In recent years, ultrasonography has been used in camels for scanning of the healthy status as well as evaluation and determining the diagnosis and prognosis of diseased cases. Examples of diseases evaluated by ultrasonography are paratuberculosis, trypanosomiasis, pneumonia, pleurisy, gastrointestinal neoplasms, chronic peritonitis, splenic abscessation, and hepatic disorders. Of the renal disorders assessed by ultrasonography are nephrolithiasis, hydronephrosis, pyelonephritis, renal abscessation, and renal neoplasms. Ultrasound guidance in biopsy of renal specimens has also been reported in dromedary camels.
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PMID:Ultrasonography of the Kidneys in Healthy and Diseased Camels (Camelus dromedarius). 3314 34

Given their genetic and anatomic similarities to humans, nonhuman primates (NHPs) may serve as animal models for urogenital diseases of humans. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of spontaneous urogenital lesions occurring over a 30-year period at the Yerkes and Southwest National Primate Research Centers and to compare and contrast lesions occurring in Old World versus New World primates. Lesions occurring in the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), baboon (Papio spp.), rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis), pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina), sooty mangabey (Cercocebus atys), common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), cotton-top tamarin (Sanguinus oedipus), and squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) are discussed. The most common lesions of the kidney were medullary amyloidosis, renal cysts, renal tubular degeneration, glomerulonephritis or glomerulopathy, nephritis, nephrocalcinosis, pyelonephritis, and hydronephrosis. Specific causes of renal tubular disease included pigmentary nephrosis and tubular lipidosis. Renal tumors, including renal adenoma and carcinoma, lymphoma, and nephroblastoma, were infrequent diagnoses in all species. Endometriosis was the most frequently diagnosed lesion of the female genital tract. Of the animals examined in this study, it was most frequent in Old World primates. Leiomyoma was the most common uterine tumor. Granulosa cell tumor was the most frequently observed neoplasm of the ovaries, followed by teratoma. Of animals included in the study, most ovarian tumors occurred in baboons. Neoplasms of the male reproductive tract included interstitial cell tumor, seminoma, penile squamous cell carcinoma, penile papilloma, and histiocytoma. In New World monkeys, renal lesions were reported more frequently than genital lesions.
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PMID:Urogenital Lesions in Nonhuman Primates at 2 National Primate Research Centers. 3320 23


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