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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since 1981, the Korean Society of Nephrology began annual report on renal replacement therapy in Korea. The annual number of new patients receiving dialysis treatment in 1986 increased to 957 patients (23.3 per million population) from 825 patients (20.4 per million population) in 1985. And the total number of patients on replacement therapy increased from 1,508 patients (37.3 per million population) to 2,534 patients (61.7 per million population). 1,340 patients (32.6 per million population) of these patients were on hemodialysis, 573 patients (13.9 per million population) on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and 621 patients (15.1 per million population) on functioning renal graft as of December 31, 1986. The common causes of renal failure of new patients were chronic glomerulonephritis (41.6%) followed by diabetic nephropathy (12.6%), nypertensive nephrosclerosis (7.8%), chronic pyelonephritis (2.5%) and others. The annual mortality rate decreased from 21.9% in 1981 to 13.5 in 1986. The common causes of death in patients on dialysis therapy were cardiac (32.8%), vascular (14.7%), infective (14.7%) and social problems (11.2%) in the order of frequency. Recently, the number of patients requiring dialysis is rapidly increasing due to expanded medical insurance support for dialysis and improved economic status of our country. Therefore, it is necessary to draw up counterplan for a rapid growth of the number of new patients.
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PMID:Multicenter report on dialysis and transplantation in Korea, 1986. Korean Society of Nephrology. 307 56

The progression of renal failure was analyzed in 108 patients with mild to moderate renal impairment, none of whom had received any form of dietary protein, phosphate restriction or immunosuppressive treatment. The reciprocal of plasma creatinine was plotted against time using a minimum of six plasma creatinine values taken over at least six months (mean 13 values over 41 months). Plots indicated there was linear deterioration in 70 patients, non-linear deterioration in 15 and stable renal function in 24. Progressive renal failure was common in patients with glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, chronic pyelonephritis and polycystic kidney disease. Most patients with hypertensive nephrosclerosis, analgesic nephropathy and renal impairment following acute renal failure were stable. Among those with progressive impairment the mean rates of deterioration were significantly faster for patients with glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy compared to those with chronic pyelonephritis, polycystic kidney disease and undiagnosed renal disease (p less than 0.01). Hence the underlying renal pathological changes appear to be important in determining progression of renal failure and also the subsequent rate of deterioration. For those with linear progression of renal failure there was a significant correlation between 24-h urinary protein excretion and the rate of deterioration. This relationship held for glomerulonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis as separate diagnostic groups only. Proteinuria, therefore, may be a useful prognostic index for the rate of progression of established renal failure. Calcium phosphate product correlated poorly with the rate of deterioration. We were unable to demonstrate a relationship between spontaneous protein intake and deterioration of renal function. However, patients prescribed high protein diets were not included in dietary analysis and we cannot, therefore, exclude the possibility that a high dietary protein intake may accelerate renal failure. Similarly we were unable to show a significant relationship between blood pressure and progression of renal failure although there were weak correlations between mean arterial pressure and rate of deterioration for chronic pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis.
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PMID:Renal pathology and proteinuria determine progression in untreated mild/moderate chronic renal failure. 320 6

Intestine is seldom a site of clinical manifestation of malignant hypertension, particularly in childhood. This report deals with a case of malignant nephrosclerosis superimposed on benign nephrosclerosis which probably resulted from a unilateral obstructive uropathy and chronic pyelonephritis. Clinical features included severe hypertension, neuroretinopathy with retinal exudate and hypertensive encephalopathy. An acute abdomen due to transmural infarction of the ileum caused by multiple thrombotic occlusion of necrotizing arteritis involving bowel wall and the mesentery was noted.
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PMID:Necrotizing arteriolitis of ileum, as the initial manifestation of malignant hypertension in childhood. 325 15

The long-term results of surgical and specific drug therapy were compared in a group of 57 patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) (46 with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), 11 with idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia). Unilateral adrenalectomy completely normalized blood pressure (BP) in 77.1% of surgically treated APA, evidently improving hypertension in remaining 22.9%. No recurrence of the adenoma in the remaining adrenal was seen in any of the surgical APA cases. In 19 of the non-surgical patients (11 with APA, 8 with IHA) monotherapy with spironolactone reduced blood pressure in 73%, though total BP normalization was an exception. The treatment normalized hypokalemia, low total exchangeable potassium, tendency to hypernatremia, and high total exchangeable sodium. Surgical as well as conservative therapy increased to normal or above-normal levels plasma renin activity suppressed prior to treatment. Pre-operatively high urine and plasma aldosterone levels normalized in all adrenalectomized patients, but remained above the normal range during spironolactone therapy in spite of a small decline in its absolute values. The disturbances of maximum renal concentrating capacity due to impaired nephron responsiveness to sufficiently high endogenous vasopressin concentrations were completely eliminated after kaliopenic nephropathy had been repaired. The other renal functions remained within normal values. Echocardiographically diagnosed left ventricular hypertrophy was seen less often than in the other types of arterial hypertension, tending to regress after APA management. Our longitudinal study (2-16 years) showed primary aldosteronism as a well curable, albeit rare, cause of hypertension. As regards BP and laboratory tests normalization, better results were achieved in surgical APA cases than in patients treated with spironolactone. Older age, longer history of hypertension and more frequent incidence of obesity, nephrosclerosis and pyelonephritis may be responsible for hypertension persisting after surgical treatment.
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PMID:Long-term results of surgical and conservative treatment of patients with primary aldosteronism. 345 May 33

Morphology of nephrosclerosis at the early stage of its development is characterized by its nosological specificity which is determined by qualitative alterations and by the degree of renal structural components involvement into the sclerotic process. Complex morphometric assessment allows one to reveal and make it objective the morphological differences between nosological variants of nephrosclerosis. All the structural renal components equally undergo sclerosis at the late stages of nephrosclerosis and this leads to the leveling off the nosological specificity in the majority of cases. Arterial hypertension in chronic glomerulonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis favours the progressing of the nephrosclerosis and leveling off its nosological differences.
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PMID:[Morphological characteristics of nephrosclerosis of different etiologies]. 407 43

The urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) was studied in 43 patients with various forms of renal parenchymal disease. Patients with membranous nephropathy, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, obstructive pyelonephritis, nephrosclerosis, and minimal change nephropathy generally had urinary NAG and beta 2M levels more than 3 SDs above those seen in normal subjects. Patients with progressive renal disease averaged higher NAG and beta 2M urinary levels than those with the same renal lesion and stable function. Since elevated urinary levels of NAG and beta 2M suggest renal tubular injury or dysfunction, our observations suggest tubulointerstitial involvement in a wide variety of renal diseases.
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PMID:N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and beta 2-microglobulin. Their urinary excretion in patients with renal parenchymal disease. 619 Apr 47

Experimental pyelonephritis induced in rats by a single intrarenal injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans was studied pathologically and immunohistologically. The lesions which develop following intrarenal inoculation were similar to those seen during the course of pyelonephritis in man. Localization of the whole bacteria and the amorphous bacterial antigens and the whole fungi and the amorphous fungal antigens in the inflammatory lesions persisted up to 10-12 and 6-8 weeks, respectively. After that, continued inflammatory changes in progressive scarring can evolve in the absence of persistent bacterial or fungal antigens. Rat gamma globulin was localized in the plasma cells of the renal inflammatory infiltrates from 5-6 days to the end of the experiment (14th week). The incidence of progressive renal sclerosis was high in case of Candida pyelonephritis. The possible roles of progressive renal scarring by C. albicans are discussed.
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PMID:Morphologic and immunohistologic study of pyelonephritis in rats by various bacteria and fungi. Special reference to inflammatory changes and localization of antigen. 620 83

An etiological study on renal adenomas with specific references to dysplastic tubular lesions and adenocarcinomas was made, concentrating on histopathological and statistical surveys. Seventy-two unilateral kidneys obtained at random in autopsy cases were examined macro- amd microscopically on the consecutive sliced sections. Adenomas were found frequently in the cortex of 15 cases (20.8%), and particularly dysplastic tubular lesions were considerably associated with adenomas and detected even more frequently in 26 cases (36.2%), whereas fibromas in the medulla of 8 cases (11.1%). Most of the adenomas (86.7%) were found in nephrosclerotic kidneys; i.e., in vascular nephrosclerosis (53.4%), chronic pyelonephritis (13.3%), and in end-stage kidneys. The morphological feature of adenoma cells were also confirmed in the dysplastic tubular epithelial cells. These data imply that long-term renovascular and/or renostromal damages may induce dysplastic tubular lesions and further act as important enhancing or promoting factors on adult renal oncogenesis from the cortical tubular epithelium.
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PMID:An etiological study on renal adenomas: with some references to dysplastic tubular lesions and adenocarcinomas in autopsy and surgery cases. 711 98

Examinations of 51 rabbits and 86 patients with chronic pyelonephritis showed the morphogenesis of chronic pyelonephritis to be due to the effect of certain factors. One of them is the capillary-parenchymatous block resulting from the outgrowth of the connective tissue between the tubules and peritubular capillaries. Glomerular sclerosis occurs both periglomerularly (growth of the connective tissue into the capsule) and intraglomerularly (tropocollagen synthesis by mesangiaal cells). Nephrosclerosis combines diffuse sclerosis (the consequence of increasing hypoxia) and focal sclerosis (the consequence of renal tissue destruction during pyelonephritis attacks) which determine the features of regenerative hypertrophy of nephrons and the pattern of pyelonephritic shrinking of the kidney.
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PMID:[Morphogenesis of chronic pyelonephritis (electron microscopic study)]. 737 88

Kidney biopsies were examined in 73 children with some forms of obstructive uropathies: vesico-renal reflux and obstructive megaurether. In 59 patients (80%), chronic pyelonephritis was detected. The predominant morphological form of chronic pyelonephritis in patients with obstructive uropathies is a mixed form with a combination of tubulo-stromal-vascular changes. In most patients chronic pyelonephritis was extensive up to the development of nephrosclerosis, in 22% it developed against the background of renal dysplasia. The nature and intensity of pyelonephritis was shown to depend on the severity of congenital pathology of the urinary tracts and the age of the patients.
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PMID:[Pyelonephritis in various types of obstructive uropathies in children]. 737 97


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