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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From July 1967 to September 1974, 26 kidney transplantations were carried out in 16 children aged 6 to 17 years, in Gotherburg. The average age at the primary transplantation was 12 years and average body weight 29.7 kg. Five patients had familial juvenile nephronophthisis, 5 chronic glomerulonephritis, 5 chronic pyelonephritis, and one bilateral Wilms's tumour. Four patients were predialytic. Fourteen grafts came from living related donors. The surgical technique was standard as was the immunosuppression with azathioprine and cortisone; exceptionally antilymphocyte globulin was used. Thirteen patients were alive in September 1974, observed 2-65 months, 8 with a normal serum creatinine, 3 with moderately elevated serum creatinine, and 2 on hemodialysis. The 6- and 12-month survivals of patients are 100% and 93% respectively. Normal growth and full rehabilitation in recipients of functioning grafts make renal transplantation justified as a therapeutic procedure in terminally uremic children.
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PMID:Renal transplantation in children. 17 8

Hypertension in children has been reported with increasing frequency because of increased awareness of its occurrence by clinicians. Renovascular lesions have been stressed in the past. However, in recent years, a number of nonrenovascular renal lesions have received attention and form the basis for this report. Unilateral chronic atrophic pyelonphritis, segmental unilateral pyelonephritis, the Ask-Upmark kidney, and unilateral renal hypoplasia have been associated with curable hypertension. The subject of juxtaglomerular cell hyperplasia, which has variably been reported in these cases, is reviewed. Ureteral obstruction, in the form of uretero-pelvic or ureterovesical junction obstruction, solitary renal cysts, the unilateral multicystic kidney, renal trauma, and renal tumors (Wilms' tumor and juxtaglomerular cell tumors) may also be associated with hypertension in children. Pheochromocytoma must be ruled out in all cases. Because of renewed interest, these nonrenovascular renal causes of hypertension are now likely to be diagnosed with increased frequency.
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PMID:Nonrenovascular renal hypertension in children. 20 75

The clinical course of 138 children who underwent unilateral nephrectomy and had a normal contralateral kidney at the time of nephrectomy was reviewed. The diagnosis leading to nephrectomy included obstructive uropathy in 46% of the cases, reflux or pyelonephritis in 30%, Wilms tumor in 15%, hypertension in 4%, dysplastic kidney in 2% and trauma in 2%. Mean age at nephrectomy was 7.3 years and median followup was 24.7 years. Of the 138 patients 121 (88%) are well and 17 died, including 14 secondary to metastatic Wilms tumor and 1 of renal failure. Survival of nonWilms tumor patients was similar to that of an age-matched control group. In 30 patients 24-hour creatinine clearance and 24-hour urinary protein excretion were measured. Proteinuria (greater than 150 mg./24 hours) was found in 8 of the 30 patients (27%) (p less than 0.001), renal insufficiency developed in 9 (30%) (p less than 0.0001) and hypertension occurred in 10% (p greater than 0.10). Children with an acquired solitary kidney are at increased risk for proteinuria and renal insufficiency.
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PMID:Prognosis of children with solitary kidney after unilateral nephrectomy. 164 May 59

An 11-year-old boy suffered from malaise, weight loss and pallor. A palpable abdominal tumor on the right side, anemia and increased C-reactive protein were detected. Intravenous urography revealed destruction of the right kidney resembling Wilms tumor. But ultrasound and computered tomography rised skepticism. Analysis of previously documented cases suggests that xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis must equally be considered in a child with unilaterally enlarged kidney without function, especially when the child shows fever, leukocytosis, bacteriuria, anemia, leukocyturia, calculi of the urinary tract, abdominal pain and/or a palpable abdominal tumor. Ultrasound and computered tomography can lead to the diagnosis, and identify extrarenal infiltration. Nephrectomy results in complete cure and is therefore the treatment of choice.
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PMID:[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis]. 302 38

The authors describe a rare case of this disease that has clinically manifested in a 12-days-old boy. At the age of 1.5 months a right-side nephrectomy for a supposed Wilms' tumor has been performed. Histologic examination has diagnosed congenital xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. The authors put forward a hypothesis on the existence of primary forms of this condition not associated with persistent infections or urinary tract obstructions.
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PMID:[Congenital xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis]. 321 90

Unilateral parenchymatous kidney disease associated with high blood pressure represents a potentially curable form of hypertension. Surgery may normalize blood pressure in a substantial number of these patients. Curable renal parenchymatous hypertension includes unilateral tubulointerstitial kidney diseases such as chronic pyelonephritis, reflux nephropathy, segmental hypoplasia and radiation nephritis, hydronephrosis, simple renal cysts, traumatic kidney lesions and renal tumors associated with high blood pressure. Renal ischemia and in turn activation of the renin angiotensin system is involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension in most of these patients. In patients with unilateral kidney disease and hypertension, both an operative and a medical therapeutic approach have a high success rate. Good candidates for nephrectomy are young patients with severe hypertension, strict unilateral disease, normal plasma creatinine levels and minimal function of the involved kidney. In unilateral hydronephrosis reconstructive surgery or nephrectomy may cure or improve hypertension in the vast majority of the patients. Surgically correctable hypertension has also been reported in some patients with large renal cysts and renal tumors (hemangiopericytoma, Wilm's tumor, hypernephroma, renal pelvic tumor).
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PMID:Curable renal parenchymatous hypertension: current diagnosis and management. 390 29

The gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (EC 2.3.2.2) activity of the urine was determined in 369 cases, with L-gamma-glutamyl-p-nitranilide as substrate. Thermally stable, low molecular mass inhibitors were removed by dialysis. The enzyme activity was found to have a mean of 10.57 U/l for the normal neonate population, and a mean of 16.92 U/l for children. A significant increase in activity was observed in pyelonephritis, Alport's syndrome, Wilms' tumour and glomerulopathies. The highest activities were found in kidney diseases associated with renal insufficiency. This non-invasive test can be used for the evaluation of tubular disorders in childhood.
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PMID:Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in human urine. 612 82

The authors report the case of a 4 1/2-year-old boy with a localized xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Review of the literature shows that this rare condition is often misdiagnosed before surgery, a preoperative diagnosis of Wilms' tumor being proposed instead of the exact one which is of benign prognosis. The pathogenesis is unknown.
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PMID:[Localized form of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a child. Case report]. 679 48

The ability to evaluate the composition and to precisely locate calcifications within renal masses resulted in more accurate evaluation of 21 calcified renal masses by computed tomography than by standard radiographic techniques. Of 11 solid tumors, computed tomography demonstrated a soft-tissue mass extending beyond the calcification in nine cases of renal cell carcinoma. Of 10 benign cystic lesions, all six lesions characterized by a uniform water-density center, calcification confined to the wall, and no detectable soft-tissue mass were benign cysts. Three additional cystic lesions (xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, multilocular cystic nephroma, and a cyst containing calcified debris) were believed to represent benign lesions prospectively due to the absence of a soft-tissue mass. Only peripherally calcified lesions with a central attenuation higher than accepted for benign cysts were indeterminate by computed tomography. The significance of the computed tomographic findings in terms of malignant potential and patient management is discussed.
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PMID:CT of calcified renal masses. 697 10

An 18-month-old female child presented with fever and an abdominal mass, which, after ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging was considered to be an atypical cystic renal neoplasm. Nephrectomy was performed. Histopathological examination demonstrated the mass to be focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. This lesion should be considered in the differential diagnosis of renal neoplasms in childhood, particularly cystic Wilms' tumor or Wilms' tumor with significant intratumoral hemorrhage.
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PMID:Focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a young child. 793 3


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