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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This report describes the renal pathology in three siblings with hereditary nephritis. All three cases showed combined features of chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, and interstitial nephritis. Foam cells were seen in only one case. These findings support the contention of Krickstein, Gloor, and Balogh (1966) that the renal changes in hereditary nephritis are those of a mixed nephritis.
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PMID:Pathology of hereditary nephritis. 571 45

The chronic pyelonephritis is an unspecific, bacterial, focal, interstitial nephritis with faculative participation of the pyelon. It is differentiated between an obstructive (secondary) and non-obstructive (primary) form. It is referred to the importance of risk factors and risk groups deriving themselves from this. Without doubt, the chronic pyelonephritis is the most frequent renal disease which is confirmed by new statistics of morbidity. The diagnostics still renders difficulties. In a course poor in symptoms it is not thought of the existence of the disease. For the rational dignostics in practice a step plan is recommended. In every case diagnostics should precede therapy. A therapeutic nihilism is to be avoided. A schematic treatment used without criticism and without taking into consideration individual peculiarities, secondary diseases, pregnancy and so on is to be abandoned. Short-term therapy and long-term prevention must be tuned one to another and possibly rationally combined. A plan for the long-term control in the renal dispensary is proposed.
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PMID:[Chronic pyelonephritis from a clinical viewpoint]. 625 89

The diagnostic value of renal scintiscans in patients with acute or chronic renal failure has not been emphasized other than for the estimation of renal size. 131I OIH, 67gallium, 99mTcDTPA, glucoheptonate and DMSA all may be valuable in a variety of specific settings. Acute renal failure due to acute tubular necrosis, hepatorenal syndrome, acute interstitial nephritis, cortical necrosis, renal artery embolism, or acute pyelonephritis may be recognized. Data useful in the diagnosis and management of the patient with obstructive or reflux nephropathy may be obtained. Radionuclide studies in patients with chronic renal failure may help make apparent such causes as renal artery stenosis, chronic pyelonephritis or lymphomatous kidney infiltration. Future correlation of scanning results with renal pathology promises to further expand nuclear medicine's utility in the noninvasive diagnosis of renal disease.
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PMID:Nuclear medicine in acute and chronic renal failure. 628 57

In renal allograft monitoring we performed daily urine cytology (UC) (n = 773) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) (n = 144) two to three times weekly in 29 allograft recipients with 18 acute rejection episodes. UC is more accurate in diagnosis and therapeutic control of acute rejection episodes. In addition UC is better than FNAC in revealing non-rejection causes of graft dysfunction such as interstitial nephritis (pyelonephritis, allergic nephritis), the presence of bacteria, fungi and virus inclusion bearing cells in the sediment and nephrotoxic tubular damage.
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PMID:Comparison of urine cytology versus fine needle aspiration cytology in monitoring renal allograft dysfunction. 634 50

Nifedipine caused acute, reversible deterioration in renal function in four patients with chronic renal insufficiency. The absence of hypotension, clinical course, benign urinary sediments, and normal results of renal ultrasound examinations excluded acute tubular necrosis, pyelonephritis, interstitial nephritis, obstructive uropathy, and acute glomerulonephritis. It is postulated that this slow calcium channel blocker produced deleterious intrarenal hemodynamic alterations in the setting of moderate to severe renal functional impairment. Nifedipine may alter renal function by blocking calcium entry into renal vascular smooth muscle, thereby reducing the efficacy of vasoconstrictor hormones in regulation of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. An alternative explanation is that nifedipine may inhibit the compensatory synthesis of vasodilatory prostaglandin E2 analogous to the clinical observation of acute deterioration in renal function by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency. These observations suggest that clinicians should monitor renal function closely and exercise caution when administering nifedipine to patients with underlying renal insufficiency.
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PMID:Nifedipine-induced renal dysfunction. Alterations in renal hemodynamics. 649 46

Two cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) examined preoperatively by computed tomography are reported. In one, preoperative diagnosis of an inflammatory abscess-forming disease was possible. Several features of computed tomography in XGP permit differentiation from renal carcinoma. Global renal enlargement, the presence of calculi, the spread of infiltration into the fatty capsule with thickening of Gerota's fascia, and the characteristic density differences between cortex and medulla as a result of reduced contrast medium concentrations in the pyramids are suspicious of this special form of interstitial nephritis.
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PMID:Computed tomography in xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. 652 54

A survey of the prevalence and type of renal disease was carried out at a Dublin abattoir in 1979-80. Of 4166 cattle surveyed, 173 (4.2 per cent) had kidneys rejected for gross abnormalities. The rejection rate was 7.7, 1.7, 2.2 and 28 per cent for cows, bullocks, heifers and bulls, respectively. The most common reason for rejection was focal interstitial nephritis (60.1 per cent of rejected kidneys). Other lesions included cysts (26.0 per cent), pigmentation (6.4 per cent), pyelonephritis (3.5 per cent), amyloidosis (2.9 per cent), glomerulonephritis (0.6 per cent), renal atrophy (0.6 per cent) and agonal haemorrhage.
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PMID:Abattoir survey of bovine kidney disease. 660 62

An outbreak of urolithiasis that doubled the annual mortality rate of chickens in a large flock of table-egg-layers is described. Despite the presence of a large unilateral urolith and/or severe renal atrophy, the layers often maintained active egg production and apparent homeostasis until a small urolith blocked the ureteral flow from the contralateral kidney. This terminal episode appeared to produce acute obstructive renal failure, rapidly developing visceral gout (visceral urate deposition), uremia, and death. The atrophy observed appeared to be acquired and progressive. Histologic features in the kidneys were acute to chronic glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, and pyelonephritis. Epizootiologic and microbiologic studies indicated that a combination of infectious and noninfectious mechanisms may have been involved. Causative roles for calcium-phosphate imbalance, infectious bronchitis (IB), Newcastle disease (ND), and adenovirus or reovirus infections could be neither excluded nor confirmed. Contributory factors may have been spray ND-IB and other vaccinations of 15-week-old ND-IB-susceptible pullets, water deprivation, shipping stress, Mycoplasma synoviae infection, immune complex disease, and mycotoxins.
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PMID:Epizootiology, pathology, and microbiology of an outbreak of urolithiasis in chickens. 672 98

The participation of cell-mediated mechanisms in renal disease is reviewed. Experimental studies demonstrate that delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions can be elicited in the renal interstitium or in the glomerulus and produce lesions characterized by an influx of mononuclear cells and tissue damage. Methods for the analysis of cell-mediated reactions in tissue sections, especially those using monoclonal antibodies, are reviewed, and the possible role of cell-mediated mechanisms in human renal diseases is assessed. It seems probable that cell-mediated mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of certain forms of tubulointerstitial and glomerular disease, in particular, drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis, pyelonephritis, anti-GBM nephritis, and certain forms of acute glomerulonephritis. Conclusive evidence awaits, however, the development of techniques that permit identification of cell-mediated reactions in vivo.
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PMID:Cell-mediated mechanisms in renal diseases. 675 Feb 11

At the San Diego Zoo, renal lesions occurred spontaneously in 22 of 113 prosimian primates, 17 of them in the family Lorisidae (14 in galagos), three in Lemuridae, and one each in Indriidae and Tupaiidae. Of the Galago cases, six were in G. senogalensis and eight in G. crassicadatus panganiensis. Lesions included focal and diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, and pyelonephritis.
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PMID:Renal disease in prosimians. 680 65


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