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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a specific form of a chronically destructive inflammation of the kidney. In addition to our own case of the extremely rare coincidence of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and a transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis our report also refers to seven further cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Any preoperative diagnosis usually is inaccurate. The symptoms are: general poor health, renal pain, fever, marked reduction or complete loss of the renal function, and frequently radiological evidence of a renal tumor. Surgery of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis often results in nephrectomy.
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PMID:[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis with cancer of the kidney pelvis--a rare coincidence]. 376 27

The carcinogenic potential of triethanolamine was examined in F344 rats. Triethanolamine was dissolved in distilled water at levels of 0 (control), 1, and 2%, and groups of 50 males and 50 females were given these doses ad libitum as drinking water for 2 yr. The dose levels in females were reduced by half from wk 69, because of associated nephrotoxicity. A variety of tumors developed in all groups, including the control group, and all tumors observed were histologically similar to spontaneous tumors in this strain of rats. No statistically significant increase of the incidence of any tumor was observed in the treated groups of both sexes by the chi-square test. In this study, however, there was an increase in nephrotoxicity, which appeared to have an adverse effect on the life expectancy of the treated animals, especially of females. Therefore, an age-adjusted statistical analysis on incidences of main tumors or tumor groups of both sexes was also done by methods recommended by Peto et al. (1980). The result showed that a positive trend (p less than 0.05) was noted in the occurrence of hepatic tumors (neoplastic nodule/hepatocellular carcinoma) in males and of uterine endometrial sarcomas and renal-cell adenomas in females. These tumors, however, have been observed spontaneously in this strain of rats, and their incidences in the control group of the present study were lower than those of our historical controls. These results may indicate that a positive trend in the occurrence of these tumors is not attributable to triethanolamine administration. Increased incidence of renal tumors in the female high-dose group may have been connected with renal damage. Histological examination of renal damage observed in the treated groups, especially in the female high-dose group, revealed acceleration of so-called chronic nephropathy. In addition, mineralization of the renal papilla, nodular hyperplasia of the pelvic mucosa, and pyelonephritis with or without papillary necrosis were also observed. Thus, it is concluded that under these experimental conditions triethanolamine is not carcinogenic in F344 rats but is toxic to the kidneys.
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PMID:Lack of carcinogenicity of triethanolamine in F344 rats. 377 84

Some guidelines for the use of lasers in renal surgery are presented. The carbon dioxide laser was successfully used in 9 patients with diverse renal pathology (staghorn calculus, 4 patients; renal tumor, 3 patients; congenital arteriovenous (A-V) fistula, 1 patient; segmental chronic atrophic pyelonephritis, 1 patient) as an excisional tool, allowing us to reduce intraoperative blood loss, decrease operating time, and preserve the functional integrity on the remaining renal segment. This modality appears to be a safe addition to the urologic armamentarium, when used as an excisional tool in renal surgery.
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PMID:Some guidelines in use of lasers in renal surgery. 381 Oct 90

The early v late occurrence of tubular epithelial hyperplasia and the frequency and malignant potential of renal neoplasms in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are controversial. The kidneys from 87 patients with documented or presumed ADPKD, removed at autopsy (n = 49) or prior to transplantation (n = 38), were thoroughly sectioned and examined. Hyperplastic polyps were found in 90.8% of the patients, even in the absence of renal insufficiency or marked renal enlargement. However, their number was significantly higher in the patients with advanced stages of the disease, and especially in those with a history of dialysis. Hyperplastic polyps were not detected in eight cases, seven of which had no evidence of epithelial hyperplasia, despite thorough examination of multiple sections. A total of 42 neoplasms were observed in 24.1% of the patients. One patient had bilateral low-grade clear cell adenocarcinoma. Another patient had a transitional cell neoplasm. The remaining 39 neoplasms were microscopic adenomas. Neoplasms tended to occur more often in men and older patients. None of these neoplasms had been clinically diagnosed, and no metastasis had occurred. Nonneoplastic mass lesions were observed in two patients: one had malacoplakia and the other had xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.
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PMID:Renal epithelial hyperplastic and neoplastic proliferation in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. 381 80

Unilateral parenchymatous kidney disease associated with high blood pressure represents a potentially curable form of hypertension. Surgery may normalize blood pressure in a substantial number of these patients. Curable renal parenchymatous hypertension includes unilateral tubulointerstitial kidney diseases such as chronic pyelonephritis, reflux nephropathy, segmental hypoplasia and radiation nephritis, hydronephrosis, simple renal cysts, traumatic kidney lesions and renal tumors associated with high blood pressure. Renal ischemia and in turn activation of the renin angiotensin system is involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension in most of these patients. In patients with unilateral kidney disease and hypertension, both an operative and a medical therapeutic approach have a high success rate. Good candidates for nephrectomy are young patients with severe hypertension, strict unilateral disease, normal plasma creatinine levels and minimal function of the involved kidney. In unilateral hydronephrosis reconstructive surgery or nephrectomy may cure or improve hypertension in the vast majority of the patients. Surgically correctable hypertension has also been reported in some patients with large renal cysts and renal tumors (hemangiopericytoma, Wilm's tumor, hypernephroma, renal pelvic tumor).
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PMID:Curable renal parenchymatous hypertension: current diagnosis and management. 390 29

We report on a patient with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, in situ transitional cell carcinoma, and focal prosoplasia revealing abrupt conversion of transitional epithelium to moderately well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. The etiology and pathogenesis of mucinous adenocarcinoma in the renal pelvis very likely involves the prosoplastic transition of pre-existing transitional carcinoma to adenocarcinoma. The urologist should be aware of the increased possibility of this tumor developing in a patient with longstanding infection, and frozen section should be performed more often because the gross structure of the tumor frequently appears normal. This permits the urologist to change his surgical strategy if frozen section is positive for tumor.
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PMID:Simultaneous occurrence of transitional cell carcinoma and urothelial adenocarcinoma associated with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. 404 22

The survival curves and the incidence of spontaneous diseases were studied in a population of SENCAR mice, a stock derived by a selected breeding protocol for enhanced susceptibility to chemical carcinogenesis in the skin. SENCAR mice proved to be as long-lived as other mouse strains or stocks, including one of their parental lines, Charles River CD-1. The most frequently occurring neoplasias in SENCAR mice were lymphoma, myeloid leukemia and reticulum cell sarcoma. Other frequently occurring neoplastic diseases included lung adenomas and carcinoma and mammary gland carcinoma. However, the incidence of these tumors was not higher than the incidence in CD-1 mice or other mouse strains or stocks. A variety of non-neoplastic diseases, both inflammatory and degenerative, were also observed in old mice. The most common were liver, spleen and kidney amyloidosis, pyelonephritis and papillary necrosis. These data indicate that selective breeding for susceptibility to chemical carcinogenesis has not produced a concomitant increase in the incidence of spontaneous neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease.
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PMID:Survival curves and incidence of neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease in SENCAR mice. 405 83

Our experience of finding a small renal cell carcinoma by CT suggested the diagnostic importance of CT in the early stage of the tumor. The patient was a forty-year-old woman who had suffered several times from pyelonephritis. She consulted us for detailed examination. IVP showed only slight deformity like a calyceal diverticulum at the upper pole of the left kidney. Ultrasonic tomography failed to expose the region. Enhanced CT revealed a small space occupying lesion like a simple renal cyst at the region, though plain CT revealed no abnormal findings. From the comparison of these two CT, she was diagnosed to have renal cell carcinoma which was confirmed by renal arteriography. Subsequently, transabdominal left nephrectomy was performed. Pathological diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type). The tumor size was very small, 1.5 cm in diameter. Comparison of plain and enhanced CT were considered important to diagnose a small tumor, and CT is now the most useful examination to detect early stage renal cell carcinoma.
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PMID:[Diagnostic importance of CT in early stage renal cell carcinoma]. 406 Dec 15

Distilled water containing 40 micrograms/ml peplomycin and 2% ethanol was used as a perfusate in 8 patients with superficial bladder tumors and 2 with deep bladder tumors for 2 hours at 43 degrees C. In addition, immediately before the perfusion treatment, 5 mg of peplomycin was injected intramuscularly. Prior to treatment, the nature and extent of the tumors were determined by ultrasonography, cystoscopy and cystography. The therapeutic effect of the hyperthermic perfusion was evaluated by the same manner as used previously. Partial tumor regression was obtained in 6 of the 8 patients with superficial bladder tumors. The 2 patients with deep bladder tumors showed no tumor regression. Most of the patients had bladder discomfort such as irritation, pollakisuria and so on, during and/or after perfusion. No patient developed acute pyelonephritis.
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PMID:[A hyperthermic perfusion therapy using peplomycin and ethanol for bladder cancer]. 608 17

Ultrasound examinations were analysed in 24 patients with acute renal infections (pyelonephritis, focal pyelonephritis, renal abscess, pyonephrosis). Ultrasound examination is normal in mild inflammatory involvement of parenchyma, diffuse enlargement of parenchyma with echo-poor structure is found in severe involvement of parenchyma, localized echo-poor swelling of parenchyma is seen in focal pyelonephritis. Fever and flank pain are common to acute ureteral obstruction and acute pyelonephritis and ultrasound can differentiate between these diseases. Among mass lesions ultrasound can distinguish between focal pyelonephritis and abscess but cannot differentiate between tumor and focal pyelonephritis.
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PMID:[Ultrasound in acute renal infections (author's transl)]. 621 78


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