Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lymphocyte subsets were examined in renal cell carcinoma (TILs), adjacent non-tumor renal tissue and peripheral blood (PBLs) by flow cytometry and histochemistry in eighteen patients with renal cell carcinoma. CD5-positive cells were predominant in the TILs in 14 patients. In the renal cell carcinoma tissue, CD8-positive cells were predominant over CD4-positive cells, resulting in a less than unity ratio of CD4/CF8-positive cells. The lymphocyte number was significantly in adjacent normal renal tissue than in renal cell carcinoma. However, lymphocyte subsets ratios were not significantly different between these two tissues. PBLs showed the same proportions (CD4/CD8 mean 1.9 +/- 0.8) as the previously published healthy controlled data. The proportions of CD8-positive cells were significantly increased (p less than 0.05) and those of CD4-positive cells were also significantly decreased (p less than 0.01) in the TILs. The infiltrating pattern of TILs in 17 patients was divided histochemically into cluster (N = 7), single (N = 4), and mixed types (N = 6). The cluster and mixed types were significantly more common in grade 1 tumors and the single type was more common in the grade 2 tumors (p less than 0.05). The pT3 tumors showed the single type of TIL infiltration pattern, but showed no significant difference. In the cluster pattern of TILs, CD8-positive cells were surrounded by CD4-positive cells. Non-tumorous kidneys showed no infiltration of lymphocytes, except in 2 patients of pyelonephritis. These results suggest that cytotoxic T-cells stained as CD8 play an immunoreactive role against renal cell carcinoma.
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PMID:[Lymphocytic subsets of tumor tissue, non tumorous kidney, and the peripheral blood in primary renal cell carcinoma]. 176 68

We present 3 cases with upper tract filling defect and exfoliative cytology positive for malignant cells in 2 of these cases (micturition and via ureteral catheter, respectively). The initial suspicion of urinary tract tumor was discarded by subsequent work up in 2 patients who were managed conservatively and followed closely. The third patient was submitted to nephroureterectomy. The histopathological examination disclosed chronic pyelonephritis and a deposit of amorphous mucoid material but no evidence of tumor. We review the etiologies of upper tract filling defects and present a useful diagnostic algorithm for the study of these conditions and the etiopathogenic and physiopathologic evaluation of the false positives in urinary cytology.
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PMID:[Filling defects in the upper urinary tract: update on the etiologic diagnosis and review of the specific value of urinary cytology]. 179 58

Spheroidal bladder substitutes made from double-folded ileal segments, similar to Goodwin's cup-patch technique, are devoid of major coordinated wall contractions. This, together with the reservoir's direct anastomosis to the membranous urethra, prevents major intraluminal pressure peaks and assures a residue-free voiding of sterile urine. In order to determine whether, under these conditions, an afferent tubular isoperistaltic ileal segment of 20-cm length protects the upper urinary tract as efficiently as an antireflux nipple, 60 male patients who were subjected to radical cystectomy were prospectively randomised to groups in which a bladder substitute was formed together with either of these 2 antireflux devices. An analysis of the results obtained in 20 patients from each group who could be followed for more than 1 year (median observation time 30 and 36 months) showed no differences between the groups in metabolic disturbances, kidney size, reservoir capacity, diurnal and nocturnal urinary continence, the incidence of urinary tract infection or episodes of acute pyelonephritis. Later than 1 year postoperatively, intravenous urograms of the renoureteral units of 25% of the patients with antireflux nipples showed persistent but generally slight dilatation of the upper urinary tracts. This observation was significantly more frequent than it was in patients with afferent tubular segments. Urodynamic and radiographic studies showed that the competence of the antireflux nipples was secured by the raised surrounding intravesical pressure. This, however, also resulted in a transient functional obstruction, and a gradual rise of the basal pressure in the upper urinary tracts was recorded. In patients with afferent ileal tubular segments, contrast medium could be forced upwards into the renal pelvis when the bladder substitutes were overfilled. However, despite raised intravesical pressures, peristalsis in the isoperistaltic afferent tubular segment gradually returned contrast medium back to the reservoir. Our results suggest that the combination of an ileal low-pressure reservoir together with an afferent tubular isoperistaltic limb is at least as good as an antireflux nipple valve. Moreover, the use of the afferent ileal limb makes it possible to resect the distal and often diseased ureters together with the paraureteric lymphatics at a safe distance from the bladder tumor. This avoids also distal ischemic ureteric stenosis and makes possible a simple end-to-side ureterointestinal anastomosis with a small complication rate.
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PMID:Ileal bladder substitute: antireflux nipple or afferent tubular segment? 181 49

Although genitourinary tract disorders are common in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), little attention has been paid to their manifestations on computed tomographic (CT) scans. The authors reviewed the CT scans of 86 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus for CT manifestations of primary or secondary involvement of the genitourinary tract. Genitourinary tract abnormalities identified in the 86 patients included nephromegaly in 34 (40%), hilar adenopathy in 30 (35%), bladder wall thickening in 19 (22%), medullary hyperattenuation in 12 (14%), renal calcifications in seven (8%), adnexal masses in five (6%), hydronephrosis in four (5%), pyelonephritis in three (3%), renal abscesses in three (3%), and solid renal masses in three (3%). Although these abnormalities are seen on CT scans in many other diseases, in the AIDS patient they often indicate the presence of an AIDS-related renal disease or involvement of the genitourinary tract by an AIDS-related neoplasm or infection.
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PMID:Retroperitoneal and pelvic CT of patients with AIDS: primary and secondary involvement of the genitourinary tract. 185 38

The authors report the case of a 20 year old patient in whom the clinical findings combined with the radiological signs, suggested the diagnosis of renal cancer. The histological findings after nephrectomy established the diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. This disease may rarely give the appearance of a renal tumor. This points out the importance of identifying this lesion in preoperative staging to avoid carcinologic surgery and all of its difficulties.
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PMID:[Pseudo-tumoral xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Apropos of a case]. 186 67

A 46 year-old woman with perinephric type of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is described. She had a fever and pain with a palpable mass in her right flank. The blood analysis revealed anemia, leucocytosis, gamma-globulinemia, but no hyperlipidemia. The urine analysis showed nothing abnormal, but enterobacter was present in the urine. An intravenous pyelogram demonstrated a right non-functioning kidney. The diagnosis of a perinephric abscess was made from the x-ray and ultrasonogram, and a right nephrectomy was performed. The resected kidney had a tumor-like lump covered with Gerota's fascia at the postero-lateral side of the kidney. The cut surface of the kidney revealed an area of hemorrhage, blood clotting, abscess and a brownish yellow area in the perinephric fat tissue. The calyx and pelvis were normal. Histologically, the brownish yellow area was a granuloma with foam cell infiltration. The foam cells contained lipids. The renal parenchyma showed a non-specific chronic pyelonephritis.
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PMID:Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, perinephric type--a case report. 194 97

A case of chronic pyelonephritis masquerading as a renal neoplasm in a young adolescent male is presented. The diagnostic dilemma posed by the disease, and its management, are discussed.
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PMID:Chronic pyelonephritis masquerading as a renal neoplasm. 202 78

Eight pediatric cases of the diffuse form of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis are reported. These patients were selected among 17 with destruction of one kidney. Clinical symptoms were suggestive of a tumor in some instances. However, an infectious etiology was strongly suggested by the presence of a renal lithiasis in seven cases (including five staghorn stones) and of a urinary tract infection in six cases (usually caused by a Proteus). Nephrectomy was performed in every case.
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PMID:[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in children. Apropos of 8 cases]. 229 92

Hyperthermic intravesical perfusion therapy using peplomycin (40 micrograms/ml) in distilled water at 43 degrees C as a perfusate was performed for 2 to 3 hours in 18 patients with superficial bladder tumors and 2 with deep bladder tumors. The therapeutic efficacy was determined by cystoscopy, ultrasonography and/or CT scan. Complete and partial tumor regression was obtained in 1 and 3 of the 18 patients, respectively. There was no tumor regression in the 12 patients. Most of the patients studied had bladder discomfort such as irritation, urinary frequency and so on, during and/or after perfusion. None of the patients developed acute pyelonephritis.
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PMID:[Hyperthermic perfusion therapy using peplomycin for bladder cancer]. 241 64

One case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis diagnosed following nephrectomy is described, considering its outstanding characteristics such as male adolescent, right kidney, involvement with normal function and without pathological history for which there is no explanation to date. This disease usually occurs in women 60 years or older, suggesting a renal tumor. In 50% of the cases, urine cultures are positive for Escherichia coli or Proteus mirabilis; in accordance with different reports renal tissue cultures are positive in more than 90%. Malnutrition, calcification, urolithiasis and renal failure with hydronephrosis are common findings. The left kidney is more frequently involved. The etiology is unclear: many hypotheses are discussed, with malnutrition and peroxidase deficit as important causes.
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PMID:[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in an adolescent]. 248 45


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