Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of an unusual type of granulomatous lymphadenitis, initially suspected of being a malignant lymphoma, is reported. Histologically, this lesion shows a striking xanthomatous appearance, due to collections of foamy histiocytes interspersed with chronic inflammatory cells, and resulting in a storage-like aspect. Evidence indicates that this process merely represents the reabsorption and healing phases of an acute suppurative lymphadenitis, with histopathologic features comparable to those of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. The term xanthogranulomatous lymphadenitis is suggested for this previously inadequately described lesion, and the likely non-specific degenerative character of the xanthomatous response is stressed.
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PMID:Xanthogranulomatous lymphadenitis. 16 95

Gallium-67 imaging is useful for detecting sites of intra-abdominal inflammation, including subphrenic abscesses, postoperative infection, pyelonephritis or perinephric abscesses, and peritonitis. Positive images may be obtained within several hours of injection, but are more reliable at 24 hr. The results may be used to guide ultrasound or computed tomography studies, which give a detailed anatomic picture of the abscess. Gallium-67 imaging has also been used to detect abdominal neoplasms, but results are less impressive. Abdominal lymphoma is detected in just over 50% of sites. Gastrointestinal, renal, and gynecologic neoplasms are detected even less frequently. However, 67Ga is useful for detecting recurrence of 67Ga-avid neoplasms, and has been reliable in detecting hepatomas and nodal spread of seminoma. When used selectively in patients with neoplastic disease and suspected abscesses, 67Ga is an effective method for diagnosing abdominal disease.
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PMID:Gallium-67 imaging in abdominal disease. 36 34

The relationship between selected aspects of medical history and the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) was investigated using data from a hospital-based case-control study conducted in northern Italy on 177 cases of NHL and 561 controls in hospital for acute conditions, other than nonneoplastic or immunological. Among six viral diseases considered, only herpes zoster (shingles) had a relative risk (RR) significantly above unity [RR = 2.7; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.5 to 4.7]. The association, however, was restricted to subjects whose diagnosis of herpes zoster dated back to less than 10 years, suggesting that this slow-acting virus could be reactivated by the early development of NHL. Six of eight bacterial diseases considered showed RR above unity, and the estimate was significant for scarlet fever (RR = 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.5) and pyelonephritis (RR = 5.3; 95% CI, 1.8 to 16.2). These associations were not restricted to the few years before lymphoma diagnosis. When various classes of infectious or inflammatory diseases were grouped together, no association was evident for viral infections (RR = 0.8; 95% CI, 0.6 to 1.2), acute bacterial diseases (RR = 1.0; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.5), or allergic conditions (RR = 1.0; 95% CI, 0.6 to 2.1). The risk estimates were nonsignificantly above unity for chronic bacterial diseases (RR = 1.2; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.2) and autoimmune conditions (RR = 1.4; 95% CI, 0.9 to 2.2), and significantly elevated for chronic inflammatory disease (RR = 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2 to 3.0).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Medical history and the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 130 65

Efficiency of ceftriaxone (Rocephin Hoffman Laroche) was assessed in 16 children aged between 3 and 14 years and in 4 adults aged between 17 and 70 years with severe infections of the urinary and respiratory tracts caused by E. coli. S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis or enterococci. Pyelonephritis as a sole pathology was diagnosed in 10 patients whereas in further 8 patients it complicated other diseases (nephrotic syndrome, hepatitis, cholangitis, leukemia). Pneumonia complicated nephritis leukemia or lymphoma in 8 children. Peritonitis was diagnosed in 1 adult patient. Ceftriaxone was given in a single daily dose of 50 mg/kg to all children and 2.0 g to adult patients for 7-10 days. No adverse reactions were noted. Clinical improvement was achieved in all treated patients. Cultures became negative in 17 cases after the treatment. Significant bacteremia caused by P. aeruginosa persisted in 2 patients and by E. coli in 1 patient. No toxic effects on liver, renal, pancreatic and bone marrow functioning were seen. Ceftriaxone may be safely and efficiently used for the treatment of the urinary and respiratory infections.
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PMID:[Use of ceftriaxone in urinary and respiratory tract infections]. 223 13

Epidermoid carcinoma of the kidney is a rare malignant tumor, characterized by high invasiveness, poor prognosis, and the association of renal stone and renal infection. Very little reports about its sonographic appearance were mentioned in the literature. We present a case of epidermoid carcinoma of the kidney. Its ultrasonography showed a heterogeneous renal mass with perirenal and pararenal invasion, destruction of the renal pelvis, and preservation of enlarged reniform outline. Although this tumor should be differentiated with renal cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, renal metastatic tumor, renal lymphoma, renal infarction, focal bacterial nephritis, and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis etc., we think we should put epidermoid carcinoma of kidney into consideration when a renal tumor mass presents with perirenal and pararenal invasion, destruction of the renal pelvis, and preservation of enlarged reniform outline in sonography, and hypovascularity in angiographic study.
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PMID:[Epidermoid carcinoma of the kidney]. 269 39

The case is reported of a 10-yr-old girl who developed intractable hematuria from hemorrhagic cystitis following chemotherapy for a malignant lymphoma. Following the intravesical instillation of formalin, which controlled the hematuria, she developed oliguria attributable to ureteric stenosis and fibrotic contraction of the renal pelves. Bilateral nephrostomies were constructed, but recurrent pyelonephritis and further renal pelvic obstruction developed. A series of renal biopsies and ultimately bilateral nephrectomy revealed severe, chronic interstitial nephritis, massive renal interstitial accumulation of deposits probably containing Tamm-Horsfall protein and, in the left nephrectomy specimen, a florid interstitial chronic granulomatous inflammatory reaction. Although ureterohydronephrosis has been described by others as a complication of the intravesical instillation of formalin, fibrotic contraction of the upper urinary tract and the florid interstitial nephritis with granulomata as described herein have not previously been reported. It is proposed that vesicoureteric reflux of formalin, perhaps accompanied by intrarenal reflux, caused or contributed to these pathological changes.
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PMID:Renal and urinary tract complications following the intravesical instillation of formalin. 382 22

The survival curves and the incidence of spontaneous diseases were studied in a population of SENCAR mice, a stock derived by a selected breeding protocol for enhanced susceptibility to chemical carcinogenesis in the skin. SENCAR mice proved to be as long-lived as other mouse strains or stocks, including one of their parental lines, Charles River CD-1. The most frequently occurring neoplasias in SENCAR mice were lymphoma, myeloid leukemia and reticulum cell sarcoma. Other frequently occurring neoplastic diseases included lung adenomas and carcinoma and mammary gland carcinoma. However, the incidence of these tumors was not higher than the incidence in CD-1 mice or other mouse strains or stocks. A variety of non-neoplastic diseases, both inflammatory and degenerative, were also observed in old mice. The most common were liver, spleen and kidney amyloidosis, pyelonephritis and papillary necrosis. These data indicate that selective breeding for susceptibility to chemical carcinogenesis has not produced a concomitant increase in the incidence of spontaneous neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease.
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PMID:Survival curves and incidence of neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease in SENCAR mice. 405 83

Necropsies were performed in 12 patients who fulfilled the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) criteria for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and the postmortem findings were compared with the premortem diagnoses. All of the patients were men with a male sexual preference and histories of multiple episodes of venereal diseases. Four patients were intravenous drug abusers, while two abused amyl nitrate. All 12 of the patients had evidence of cellular immune deficiency at presentation. The causes of death were a variety of opportunistic infections and neoplasms. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was diagnosed prior to death in seven patients. Despite current therapy, all seven of those patients had persistent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia at necropsy, as well as clinically undiagnosed cytomegalovirus infection. In addition, two cases of acid-fast infections, two of visceral candidiasis, one of pneumocystis pneumonia, one of central nervous system lymphoma, one of gram-negative bacterial pyelonephritis, and one of cutaneous aspergillosis were clinically unrecognized and untreated. Nine patients died with two or more infections. Thus, necropsy is a valuable tool for recognizing clinically undiagnosed infections and malignant disorders in AIDS.
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PMID:Necropsy findings in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a comparison of premortem diagnoses with postmortem findings. 608 91

A 57 year-old-man with acute renal failure was diagnosed as having retroperitoneal fibrosis. Malignant lymphoma is suspected because of peripheral lymphadenopathy, but biopsies are unrevealant. Nephrostomy restores kidney function. Many other histologic samplings performed during three laparotomies are necessary to diagnose Hodgkin's disease. Nephrostomy is complicated with iterative acute pyelonephritis and septicaemias which make chemotherapy unadvisable. Ureterolysis is unsuccessful. Urinary tract infection disappears after uretero-ileoplasty. Subsequently chemotherapy induces a complete remission during 5 years with normal renal function. We review two previously reported cases of this unusual cause of malignant retroperitoneal fibrosis. Diagnostic procedures and therapeutic management are discussed.
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PMID:[Acute renal failure induced by retroperitoneal fibrosis revealing Hodgkin's disease. A case report. Five years complete remission with surgical and medical treatment. Subsequent fatal bronchogenic carcinoma (author's transl)]. 624 92

Ceftazidime ( CAZ ), a new injectable cephem antibiotic, was used for treatment of infections in children, and the following results were obtained. After an intravenous injection of CAZ at a dose of 20 mg/kg, the mean blood levels in 2 patients were 41.5 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 18.1 micrograms/ml at 2 hours and 2.55 micrograms/ml at 6 hours, with the half-life (T 1/2) of 1.37 hours. In a 22-day-old baby with meningitis given CAZ intravenously at a dose of 43.5 mg/kg, the blood levels were 100 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 68 micrograms/ml at 2 hours and 25 micrograms/ml at 6 hours, with the half-life (T 1/2) of 2.96 hours. After intravenous administration of CAZ in doses ranging from 35.7 to 50 mg/kg, CSF concentrations ranged from N.D. to 6.3 micrograms/ml in 3 patients with purulent meningitis, although 19 micrograms/ml at 1 hour and 13 micrograms/ml at 2 hours in 1 patient after intravenous administration of 46.7 mg/kg. In patient with mumps meningitis, CSF concentrations were undetectable after intravenous administration of 35.7 mg/kg. Seventeen patients (each 1 patient with lymphadenitis, tonsillitis and septicemia, each 2 patients with pneumonia, bronchiectatic bronchitis, pyothorax and purulent meningitis, each 3 patients with pyelonephritis and enteritis) were treated with CAZ intravenously, at the daily doses of 178.2 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg in 4 divided doses in patients with meningitis and 44.1 to 103.4 mg/kg in 3 divided doses in patients with other infections (two of them were given by intravenous drip infusion for 30 minutes). The clinical responses were excellent or good in all the patients except for 1 case of Salmonella enteritis (poor) and 1 case of Campylobacter enteritis (poor). The efficacy rate was 88.2%. It was noteworthy that the clinical response was excellent in 1 case of septicemia with P. aeruginosa with leukemic stage of malignant lymphoma and in 2 cases of purulent meningitis. As side effects, fever, eruption, leukocytopenia, elevation in GOT and positive CRP considered to be allergic, were observed on day 16 of administration in 1 case of pyothorax. These symptoms disappeared by discontinuance of administration. In addition, there were elevation in GOT and GPT in 2 cases and elevation in GOT in 2 cases and elevation in GPT in 1 case; they were all mild or transient, and there was nothing to be worried about.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of ceftazidime in paediatrics]. 637 60


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