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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the results of clinicopathological and histochemical studies on 64 renal adenomas found in 22 patients. We selected typical renal adenomas for these studies, discarding borderline lesions. The ages of the patients ranged from 42 to 84 years, with an average of 61 years. Male to female sex ratio was 6.3:1. The background conditions included renal cell carcinoma, long-term dialysis, chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, hydronephrosis and polycystic kidney. The sizes of the tumors ranged from 0.1 to 2.3 mm in maximum diameter, with an average of 0.9 mm. All the tumors were located in the cortex, especially in the superficial one-third. The cytoplasm of the tumor cells was predominantly eosinophilic, and the tumor structure was predominantly papillary. Histochemical study of 19 adenomas from 13 patients demonstrated that all of the adenomas from 13 patients demonstrated that all of the adenomas were positive for EMA, and for at least one marker of the distal tubulus, i.e., DBA, PNA, SBA and PKK1, and that 9 adenomas were positive for at least one marker of the proximal tubulus, i.e., LM1 and LTA. Renal adenomas had predominant histochemical features of the distal tubulus, suggesting differentiation to a distal tubulus-like histology.
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PMID:Renal adenoma. Clinicopathological and histochemical studies. 261 60

Among 359 kidney transplantations performed from 1976 to 1986 at Rostock the 4 most frequent original renal diseases were glomerulonephritis (280 x), pyelonephritis (74 x), diabetic nephropathy (22 x) and polycystic kidney disease (14 x). From 225 transplant kidneys in 284 cases pathomorphological examinations were performed (104 biopsies, 138 removed grafts, 42 postmortem transplant examinations). The most striking finding was the earlier occurrence of rejection in grafts from recipients with glomerulonephritis compared with pyelonephritis. Therefore, a more rapid and intense immune reaction could suggested in patients with glomerulonephritis as original renal disease.
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PMID:[Pathology of the transplanted kidney and basic renal disease of the recipient]. 265 42

Glomerulonephritis patients transplanted with cadaver kidneys had a significantly higher one-year graft survival when immunosuppressed with cyclosporin rather than standard therapy (80% versus 59%, p less than 10(-5]. For nephrosclerosis patients the corresponding rates were 70% and 59% (p greater than 0.05); and in those with antecedent diabetes mellitus, polycystic kidney, and pyelonephritis the differences were negligible. In glomerulonephritis patients, but not in the other groups, cyclosporin was additive to the effect of transfusions and of HLA-A, B and HLA-Dr matching.
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PMID:Preferential effectiveness of cyclosporin in patients receiving kidney transplants after glomerulonephritis. 285 55

The adherence of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled P-fimbriated Escherichia coli to uroepithelial cells from 19 women with chronic pyelonephritis was determined with the fluorescence-activated cell sorting technique. The application of this method has made it possible to study bacterial binding to a large number of cells. Renal function was determined in all patients and the recurrences of P-fimbriated Escherichia coli bacteriuria, cystitis and acute pyelonephritis during a 3-year followup were studied. We found a significant correlation between the P-fimbriae receptor accessibility on uroepithelial cells and glomerular filtration rate (r equals -0.75, p less than 0.001). Uroepithelial cells from the patients with chronic pyelonephritis and renal insufficiency had a higher binding capacity of P-fimbriated Escherichia coli than uroepithelial cells from patients with a normal glomerular filtration rate. There was no correlation between kidney function and the availability of P-fimbriae receptors in a control group of patients with polycystic kidney disease.
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PMID:P-fimbriae receptors in patients with chronic pyelonephritis. 289 54

A 56-year-old woman in chronic hemodialysis had been suffering from uncontrollable fever for the past 7 months. Her original disease was diagnosed as familial polycystic kidney and three of her five brothers were found to have the same disease. Her chromosome was 46,XX,21P+ and laboratory examination revealed severe anemia, malnutrition, liver dysfunction, pyuria and candidiasis of urine. Abdominal echogram and CT scan revealed polycystic kidneys and multiple liver cysts. She was admitted to our hospital and was diagnosed as having pyelonephritis of the right kidney. As her condition was not improved by conservative therapy right nephrectomy was performed. One month later, spiking fever and left tenderness reappeared. Those symptoms could not be controlled by conservative therapy and left nephrectomy was performed again. Pathological examination on nephrectomized kidneys showed interstitial nephritis, hyaline degeneration and proliferative change of glomeruli, microabscess, colloid of tubules and calcification of parts of Henle's loops. Nephrectomy has been performed in 1.6 to 10.0% of polycystic kidneys due to references since 1952. Eight of the 22 polycystic kidneys (36.3%) seen at our hospital during the past 10 years have been removed.
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PMID:[A case of polycystic kidney with bilateral nephrectomy]. 305 41

The progression of renal failure was analyzed in 108 patients with mild to moderate renal impairment, none of whom had received any form of dietary protein, phosphate restriction or immunosuppressive treatment. The reciprocal of plasma creatinine was plotted against time using a minimum of six plasma creatinine values taken over at least six months (mean 13 values over 41 months). Plots indicated there was linear deterioration in 70 patients, non-linear deterioration in 15 and stable renal function in 24. Progressive renal failure was common in patients with glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, chronic pyelonephritis and polycystic kidney disease. Most patients with hypertensive nephrosclerosis, analgesic nephropathy and renal impairment following acute renal failure were stable. Among those with progressive impairment the mean rates of deterioration were significantly faster for patients with glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy compared to those with chronic pyelonephritis, polycystic kidney disease and undiagnosed renal disease (p less than 0.01). Hence the underlying renal pathological changes appear to be important in determining progression of renal failure and also the subsequent rate of deterioration. For those with linear progression of renal failure there was a significant correlation between 24-h urinary protein excretion and the rate of deterioration. This relationship held for glomerulonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis as separate diagnostic groups only. Proteinuria, therefore, may be a useful prognostic index for the rate of progression of established renal failure. Calcium phosphate product correlated poorly with the rate of deterioration. We were unable to demonstrate a relationship between spontaneous protein intake and deterioration of renal function. However, patients prescribed high protein diets were not included in dietary analysis and we cannot, therefore, exclude the possibility that a high dietary protein intake may accelerate renal failure. Similarly we were unable to show a significant relationship between blood pressure and progression of renal failure although there were weak correlations between mean arterial pressure and rate of deterioration for chronic pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis.
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PMID:Renal pathology and proteinuria determine progression in untreated mild/moderate chronic renal failure. 320 6

Some neurophysiological techniques have been employed in clinical nephrology to record abnormalities of nervous conduction in central and peripheral pathways. The electrical monitoring on the peripheral and central nervous systems has allowed the detection of uremic neural injury, the diagnosis of specific electrophysiological abnormalities, the evaluation of various treatments employed and the identification of those abnormalities that uremia can induce. A group of 156 subjects subdivided into four groups were examined: 100 healthy subjects (64 M, 36 F); 56 patients (21 glomerulonephritis, 14 pyelonephritis, 5 nephrolithiasis, 5 polycystic kidney, 4 nephroangiosclerosis, 7 undetermined) with chronic renal failure treated with a conventional low nitrogen diet (CLND, 0.6 g/kg b.w./d. of proteins), 8 of whom passed from CLND to a very low nitrogen diet supplemented with alpha-keto-analogues; a group of 22 of these 56 underwent a regular dialysis treatment for 12 to 15 hours/weekly for 40.5 +/- 10.2 months. Three patients of the CLND group and 13 patients underwent renal transplantation after a variable period of RDT. In the uremic patients we found different populations of motor unit potentials; a decreased MNCV was found in 35% of the CLND patients, RDT patients had slowed MNCV in 42%. The SNCV was compromised more frequently than the MNCV. An increased duration of evoked potentials was sometimes observed in CLND and RDT patients inducing us to consider this a hallmark of uremic syndrome. The alpha-keto-analogues and HD/HP treated patients showed an improvement in several features.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Electrophysiological aspects of nervous conduction in uremia. 339 25

The early v late occurrence of tubular epithelial hyperplasia and the frequency and malignant potential of renal neoplasms in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are controversial. The kidneys from 87 patients with documented or presumed ADPKD, removed at autopsy (n = 49) or prior to transplantation (n = 38), were thoroughly sectioned and examined. Hyperplastic polyps were found in 90.8% of the patients, even in the absence of renal insufficiency or marked renal enlargement. However, their number was significantly higher in the patients with advanced stages of the disease, and especially in those with a history of dialysis. Hyperplastic polyps were not detected in eight cases, seven of which had no evidence of epithelial hyperplasia, despite thorough examination of multiple sections. A total of 42 neoplasms were observed in 24.1% of the patients. One patient had bilateral low-grade clear cell adenocarcinoma. Another patient had a transitional cell neoplasm. The remaining 39 neoplasms were microscopic adenomas. Neoplasms tended to occur more often in men and older patients. None of these neoplasms had been clinically diagnosed, and no metastasis had occurred. Nonneoplastic mass lesions were observed in two patients: one had malacoplakia and the other had xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.
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PMID:Renal epithelial hyperplastic and neoplastic proliferation in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. 381 80

Bone morphological parameters of renal osteodystrophy such as abundance of osteoid surface, osteoid seam width index, calcification fronts, osteoclast activity and trabecular bone volume were studied in 71 patients on maintenance hemodialysis and compared with bone densitometry, laboratory and clinical data. Increased osteoclast activity (hyperparathyroidism) was by far the most common bone morphological finding. Patients with chronic pyelonephritis or polycystic kidney disease had more than double the amount of osteoid than patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. The trabecular bone volume seemed to be increased in most patients in contrast to the cortical bone volume which was decreased, judged from bone densitometry and previously from X-ray. Despite that patients with polycystic kidney disease were older, their trabecular volume was larger than in patients with glomerulonephritis. The bone mineral content evaluated by bone densitometry was low in most patients, and more associated with bone morphological signs of osteomalacia than with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Serum phosphate (S-PO4) and serum parathyroid hormone (S-PTH) seemed to discriminate better between osteomalacia and secondary hyperparathyroidism than serum alkaline phosphatase (S-Alk. phosph.), which was elevated in both groups. Patients who had been bilaterally nephrectomized were no more abnormal than other patients, and they had lower S-Alk. phosph. The abundance of osteoclasts was found to be a predictor of future development of clinical secondary hyperparathyroidism.
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PMID:Studies of bone morphology, bone densitometry and laboratory data in patients on maintenance hemodialysis treatment. 397 74

We studied 182 patients with chronic renal failure by urinalysis and urine cultures. Of the patients 27 per cent had significant bacteriuria (more than 10(5) per ml.), 38 per cent had significant pyuria (more than 10 white blood cells per high power field), 19 per cent had urinary tract infection and 7 per cent had symptomatic urinary tract infection. All 12 patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection had significant bacteriuria and 11 had significant pyuria, while 1 had 5 to 10 white blood cells per high power field. Incidences of urinary tract infection differed depending on the primary renal disease (12, 13, 41 and 67 per cent for chronic glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, polycystic kidney and chronic pyelonephritis, respectively). Among the patients with chronic glomerulonephritis no significant differences were seen in frequencies of bacteriuria and urinary tract infection between male and female patients or between those who did and did not undergo hemodialysis. Also, no significant correlation was seen between bacteriuria and daily urine output but pyuria was significantly more frequent in oliguric patients or those on hemodialysis.
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PMID:Urinary tract infection in oliguric patients with chronic renal failure. 399 25


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