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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the course of Candida albicans pyelonephritis an infant devleoped acute renal failure as a result of bezoar production with bilateral obstruction of the ureters. As on the one hand "obstructive" Candida pyelonephritis is not a well-recognised cause of renal failure, and on the other a noticeable increase in the number of cases of serious Candida infection with pyelonephritis can be observed during antibiotic and immmunosuppressive therapy, it seems worthwhile to report this case.
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PMID:[Renal failure in an infant due to bilateral ureter obstruction by Candida albicans pyelonephritis (author's transl)]. 90 39

A six year-old girl presented with acute oliguric renal failure, secondary to acute, non-obstructive pyelonephritis. Evidence for pyelonephritis as the cause of renal failure included: the evolution of typical changes on serial intravenous pyelograms, an acute interstitial inflammatory exudate on percutaneous renal biopsy, and gram-positive cocci on gram stain of the biopsy tissue. Although a specific causative organism was not conclusively identified, enterococcus was isolated from the initial catheterized urine specimen. The patient recovered from the acute illness but was left with impaired renal function, hypertension, and cortical scarring. Acute, non-obstructive pyelonephritis can produce acute renal failure in children and must be considered in the differential diagnosis of this syndrome.
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PMID:Acute renal failure secondary to acute pyelonephritis. 91 54

A retrospective study of 150 records of patients attending a renal clinic revealed a high (10 per cent) incidence of history of appendectomy. The possibility that an acute exacerbation of pyelonephritis, especially on the right side, might be misdiagnosed in some cases as appendicitis is discussed. Acute renal failure following unnecessary appendectomy in a patient with previously unrecognized and asymptomatic chronic renal disease may occur if this possibility is not borne in mind before operating on an atypical case of appendicitis.
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PMID:Appendectomies in patients with nephritis. 96 1

With the purpose of establishing the clinicopathologic correlation in pyelonephritis and to discard other interstitial nephrites, with present day morphologic criteria we analysed 63 casos that had been diagnosed as pyelonephritis, following Weiss and Parker's histologic criterion. The clinicopathologic diagnosis of pyelonephritis was confirmed in 12 cases; all of them showed obstructive uropathy and in most of them, there was chronic renal failure. Interstitial nephritis was established in 27 cases, all of them showing septicemia and almost half of the cases showed acute renal failure. Other 20 cases showed tubulointerstitial nephritis secondary to different types of glomerulopathies, fetal glomerulosclerosis, dysplasias, nephrophthisis, radiation nephritis and renal infarct. In 4 cases, the study of sections finer than the original, showed absence of histopathologic lesions. The results of the present study point out the main causes of confusion with the pathological diagnosis of pyelonephritis, the necessity to investigate predisposing uropathy in patients with urinary infection and stresses the importance to establish correlation with clinical and laboratory findings in cases with tubulointerstitial lesions.
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PMID:[Pyelonephritis and bacterial tubulointerstitial nephritis]. 125 17

Acute renal failure is a rare complication of acute pyelonephritis in patients who do not have urinary obstruction. Although urinary tract infections are common in adults, pyelonephritis is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis of acute renal failure nor is renal failure considered a likely consequence of bacteriuria. In this review, the cases of acute renal failure caused by acute pyelonephritis that have been reported in the last quarter century are examined. Including two new cases reported, only 12 cases of acute pyelonephritis resulting in acute renal failure were found. Three of these occurred in patients with a solitary kidney. All cases occurred in individuals who had no history of urinary tract infections, and all were caused by Escherichia coli. In several cases, the administration of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs contributed to disease. Three cases occurred after catheter-acquired bacteriuria. Acute renal failure is an uncommon but serious consequence of uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis in adults.
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PMID:Acute renal failure in adults with uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis: case reports and review. 157 39

Oxidant injury has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory, metabolic and toxic insults, in ischemic-reperfusion injury, and in carcinogenesis, aging and atherosclerosis. Oxidant injury is initiated by free radicals and reactive oxygen molecules which are generated by activated neutrophils, monocytes, and mesangial cells, during normal and abnormal metabolic processes, and from the metabolism of exogenous drugs and toxins. When cells and organs are exposed to oxidant stress, several different antioxidant defense mechanisms operate to prevent or limit oxidant injury. When antioxidant defense mechanisms are decreased, or when the generation of reactive oxygen molecules is increased, oxidant injury results from the shift in the oxidant/antioxidant balance. Oxidant-induced alterations of proteins, membranes, DNA, and basement membranes leads to cell and organ dysfunction. Several renal diseases including glomerulonephritis, vasculitis, toxic nephropathies, pyelonephritis, acute renal failure, and others are likely to be mediated at least in part by oxidant injury. In the future, mechanisms to decrease the generation of reactive oxygen molecules and/or antioxidant therapy may develop into new avenues of therapeutic intervention.
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PMID:Reactive oxygen molecules, oxidant injury and renal disease. 166 82

We report a case of biopsy-proved acute pyelonephritis which caused acute renal failure. Despite appropriate antibiotic therapy, recovery of renal function was slow and incomplete. Renal papillary necrosis was an apparent complication, which the patient may have been predisposed to by alcoholism. Although rare, acute pyelonephritis is an important consideration in the differential diagnosis of acute renal failure because of the need for specific therapy.
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PMID:Acute renal failure due to acute pyelonephritis. 196 73

The authors report a case of non-reversing acute renal failure following a carbon monoxide poisoning in a 28-year-old woman with a previous history of pyelonephritis. The renal biopsy reveals an IgA nephropathy with interstitial and tubular changes. The mechanism of this exceptional complication is discussed.
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PMID:[Acute renal insufficiency revealing an IgA nephropathy]. 203 17

A middle-aged female was admitted with a presumptive diagnosis of pyelonephritis that failed to respond to conventional antibiotic therapy. Multiple investigations to define the etiology of the persistent fever and accompanying acute renal failure were negative. A gallium scan revealed intense uptake in the renal parenchyma. Percutaneous renal biopsy revealed malacoplakia. Six weeks of therapy with ciprofloxacin resulted in resolution of fever, improvement in the follow-up gallium scan, and reversal of the acute renal failure.
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PMID:Gallium scan in the diagnosis and treatment of renal malacoplakia. 208 Jul 95

This is an account of experience with extracorporeal detoxication techniques in 238 patients with urologic conditions who underwent 305 hemosorption (HS), 30 plasma sorption (PS) and 171 plasmapheresis (PA) sessions. Clinical and laboratory criteria are presented for employing an extracorporeal detoxication technique depending on predominance of suppurative septic or azotemic intoxication, and contraindications for HS, PS and PA. Absolute indications for these techniques were suppurative septic intoxication secondary to acute and chronic urologic inflammatory diseases, including septic shock, and acute renal failure. An emphasis is placed on the need for utilization of this therapy after urine flow recovery and drainage of all suppurative foci. An overview of mechanisms of different extracorporeal detoxication techniques showed them to share detoxifying and immunostimulating effects and improvement of blood rheology, renal and hepatic function. Application of the extracorporeal techniques reversed 84.4% of acute pyelonephritis, 61% of acute renal failure (without resorting to hemodialysis) and 65.4% of septic shock. This therapy was less efficient in patients with multiple organ failure. Good efficacy of xenogenic-spleen or splenocyte-suspension hemoperfusion was shown in patients with urosepsis.
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PMID:[The treatment of infectious-inflammatory urologic diseases and their complications by efferent detoxication methods]. 227 57


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