Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We evaluated the influence of severe disease in human kidneys (12 patients) on gentamicin sulfate accumulation characteristics in such tissue and compared the results with intrarenal tissue concentration data derived from the study of healthy dogs (54 kidneys) during variation in hydration and urinary pH. Our results indicate that, in the management of pyelonephritis complicating preexisting renal disease, if the minimal inhibitory gentamicin concentration for an infecting organism is greater than the usual therapeutic an nontoxic serum levels of the compound, then it may be appropriate to use alternate antibiotics that demonstrate lesser reduction in tissue drug accumulation in diseased kidneys.
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PMID:Therapeutic implications of gentamicin accumulation in severly diseased kidneys. 0 29

One hundred and eight patients suffering from hypertension due to a unilateral parenchymatous neophropathy were studied over a period of one to eight years after treatment was starded. The aetiologies were diverse: harmonious hypoplasia, segmental hypoplasia, pyelonephritis, reflux nephropathy, hydronephrosis and tuberculosis. Thirty nine patients were treated surgically, with 50% good results. In 82 cases medical treatment was continued for at least a year with a 52% success rate. Such success was recorded in 94% of cases in which beta-blockers were used (38 cases). Surgical success was not dependent upon the period for which hypertension had been present. The best results were seen in cases of hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis and the worst in tuberculosis. Thirteen patients underwent surgery event though there was no unilateral increase in plasma renin levels. Seven were improved or cured. Ten patients underwent surgery with a renin activity 50% greater than on the healthy side, 9 being improved or cured. Treatment with beta-blockers, alone or in association with diuretics, controlled blood pressure in 90% of cases, regardless of the renin activity. Plasma renin activity in the renal veins is of good prognostic value in terms of the effectiveness of nephrectomy against hypertension. In Call cases, beta-blockers were more effective than surgery.
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PMID:[Hypertension due to unilateral parenchymatous nephropathy (author's transl)]. 3 35

Chronic pyelonephritis is the most common renal disease of old age. The number of registered cases of this disease is below current diagnostic possibilities, since chronic urinary tract infection and chronic pyelonephritis still too rarely play a role in differential diagnostic considerations. Because of the insecure reliability of anamnesis and complaints reported by the patients the uroscopic examination of the urine and bacteriologic diagnostics are of special importance. These examinations can be carried out in general medical practice and they will lead to a diagnosis of chronic pyelonephritis with relatively high probability.
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PMID:[Chronic pyelonephritis of older and old patients--a diagnostic problem in general medical practice (author's transl)]. 4 16

Renal extraction and urinary excretion of 125I-labelled beta2-microglobulin was studied in rats. The effect of ischaemic renal injury, experimental pyelonephritis, and unilateral nephrectomy was investigated. The tubular secretion of o-iodohippurate (OIH) was measured for comparison. The urinary excretion was calculated as the ratio between the clearance of protein and the glomerular filtration rate. The glomerular filtration rate was estimated as clearance of polyethylene glycol (PEG 1000). The renal arteriovenous concentration difference was lower for beta2-microglobulin than for PEG 1000 IN ALL THE EXperimental groups. In unilateral renal disease the beta2-microglobulin excretion of the intact kidneys was similar to that of the diseased kidneys. A significant differences was noted only after ischaemic renal injury. The same was found for OIH. After removal of the intact kidneys the excretion of beta2-microglobulin increased about 10-fold in pyelonephritic animals and 2- to 30-fold in animals with ischaemic renal injury. One hour after unilateral nephrectomy in normal animals the ratio increased about 50 per cent. The tubular secretion of OIH did not change noticeably. It is concluded that the glomerular filtration is a main step in the intrarenal catabolism of beta2-microglobin and that its urinary excretion is considerably influenced by a reduction in the functioning kidney mass.
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PMID:Renal handling of beta2-microglobulin in experimental renal disease. 5 77

Eleven patients with unilateral ureteral calculus had excretory urography which showed the radiopacity of excreted contrast material to be diminished on the side of the calculus. This finding was of diagnostic importance in nine patients who demonstrated little or no dilatation of the urinary tract proximal to the calculus. Other forms of unilateral renal disease, such as acute pyelonephritis, can produce the same urographic finding.
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PMID:Diminished radiopacity of contrast material: a urographic sign of ureteral calculus. 10 Oct 42

Perinephric abscess is a rare condition; it may be acute, but can take a chronic and atypical course as a result of incomplete treatment with antibiotics. In this case the diagnosis is often delayed. The most common cause is primary renal disease, with perforating ureteric stones, abscess-forming pyelonephritis, renal carbuncle and pyonephrosis as the most important factors. Diagnosis depends on a varying combination of clinical signs, any of which is not necessarily present and which is not pathognomic, but nevertheless, in their totality, are fairly typical. Characteristic are pain on percussion and pressure, resistance in the renal angle and fever. Laboratory investigations do not contribute to the diagnosis. These only show findings typical of any infection, and frequently a marked anaemia. An infected urine may be suggestive. The traditional clinical and radiological methods may well indicate a space-occupying lesion, but its further elucidation depends on angiography. Renal and perinephric abscesses must be distinguished from other space-occupying renal lesions. Abscesses can usually be distinguished from cysts because they are generally less clearly demarkated and often show a hypervascular margin with a "blush". A further differential diagnosis of perinephic abscess is a peri-renal haematoma. Radiologically, an haematoma also produces a perirenal mass with displacement and compression of the kidney. As with perinephric abscesses, the angiogram shows dilatation and displacement of the capsular arteries. Differences in the neovascularity, as well as in the clinical symptoms, permit differentiation between abscesses and hypovascular carcinomas in most cases, or at least suggest the probable diagnosis.
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PMID:[A urologic-radiological view of perinephric abscesses (author's transl)]. 13 65

In an attempt to evaluate the histologic picture of what is shown on angiograms as neovascularity, several benign and malignant tumors were examined. New vessels (neovascularity) are large capillaries or sinusoids, and neither contain smooth muscle in their walls. The walls may contain some fibrous connective tissue. Puddling, laking, and staining represent the collection of contrast medium in small capillaries or sinusoids. Some tumors, such as hemangioma of the liver, cystadenoma of the pancreas, and angiomyolipoma of the kidney contained abnormal vascularity, but this was not composed of vessels which had arisen or developed anew, as there was smooth muscle in their walls, and this indicates that those vessels had been there from birth. In xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and chronic renal disease, the appearance of increased vascularity is the result of rearrangement of the normal vascular structures.
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PMID:Roentgenology-pathology correlative study of neovascularity. 17 7

The investigation covers the necropsic material of the Pathological Anatomy Chair, Medical Academy-Sofia, with a total of 3519 necropsies for a period of 5 years (1968--1970). In that material, 285 cases with uremia were established, due to chronic renal diseases, which might be referred to 13 nozological entities. The highest number of cases are with chronic pyelonephritis (64,96 per cent). The chronic glomerulonephritis, though it ranks second, is considerably rarely met (9,47 per cent). Endemic nephropathy, according to the incidence, follows--4,21 per cent, nephropathy in diabetes mellitus--3,86 per cent, subacute glomerulonephritis--3,16 per cent, amyloidosis--2,81 per cent, hypertonic disease--2,81 per cent, malignant tumors of the kidneys--2,81 per cent cystic kidneys--2,10 per cent, lupus erythematosus--1,05 per cent, sclerodermia--0,70 per cent, myeloma disease--0,70 per cent and polyarteriitis nodosa--0,35 per cent. As to the chronic renal disease, most frequently met in the material discussed, the chronic pyelonephritis, the authors discuss the factors that played certain role in its development as well.
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PMID:[Mortality due to uremia resulting from chronic kidney diseases]. 24 19

Although haematuria is a relatively common symptom of hemophilia A and B, renal disease seemed to be a rarity and it has usually been held that this symptom was benign in nature. However detailed studies of renal function in a series of such patients using radiological and biochemical tests of renal function show significant differences compared to normal. These abnormalities seem to be associated with recurrent haematuria but do not appear to be related directly to replacement therapy with plasma concentrate and do not occur more frequently in patients who have received long term fibrinolytic inhibitors. Other rare renal disorders associated with haemophilia include nephrotic syndrome, trauma, acute tubular necrosis, analgesic nephropathy and chronic pyelonephritis.
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PMID:Renal disorders in haemophilia A and B. 26 97

Interstitial periodic acid-Schiff positive deposits of amorphous or fibrillar material were observed in 32% of kidneys with a variety of tubulointerstitial diseases, including medullary cystic disease (60%), chronic pyelonephritis (20%), and hydronephrosis (33%). Immunofluorescent staining for Tamm-Horsfall protein showed interstitial localization of this protein which was identical in distribution, shape, size, and fine detail with the periodic acid-Schiff positive deposits. The deposits appeared to originate from disrupted tubules and were sometimes surrounded by inflammatory infiltrate. The intrarenal localization of Tamm-Horsfall protein outside of distal tubules in pathologic states indicates that this protein may have a role in the pathogenesis of renal disease.
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PMID:Pathologic localization of Tamm-Horsfall protein in interstitial deposits in renal disease. 34 Jul 80


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