Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Urinary diversion by transplantation of both ureters into a reservoir constructed from 60 cm of jejunum was performed in six clinically normal dogs. The reservoir was connected to a stoma on the abdominal wall through a valve constructed from a short segment of intussuscepted bowel to provide continence. The reservoir was emptied three times daily by catheterization. One dog did not survive the surgical procedure and two dogs died within 1 week of surgical complications. The postoperative capacity of the reservoir in surviving dogs was 100 to 200 mL; it increased during the first month to 600 to 750 mL. Continence was excellent in two dogs. One dog was continent until month 2, when partial slippage of the intussusception occurred. A reversible hyponatremic, hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic acidosis developed. Bacteriuria was not responsive to systemic or local instillation of antibiotics. Ascending pyelonephritis, hydroureter, and hydronephrosis occurred in two dogs. Struvite urinary calculi formed in one dog. The procedure as described would be unsuitable for clinical use in dogs.
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PMID:Continent jejunal reservoir (Kock pouch) for urinary diversion in dogs. 162 96

From August 1988 until March 1990, 10 female patients received an augmented, functional rectal bladder, according to the technique first described by Kock. Indications were a radical cystectomy in 8 and a rediversion from a previously wet stoma in 2 patients. There was no perioperative mortality. Postoperative complications were obstructive pyelonephritis (1 case, treated with a temporary nephrostomy), obstruction at the ileal intussusception (1 case; operative revision) and slipping at the sigmoid nipple (1; no treatment). Intravenous pyelography 2-3 months postoperatively showed 13 normal and 5 slightly dilated renal units. All patients are completely continent by day, 7 are continent by night, 2 wear sanitary pads during sleep due to occasional spotting. Preliminary experience with this new technique is encouraging and warrants further clinical application in patients in whom the external urethral sphincter is not available to provide the continence mechanism.
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PMID:[The functional, augmented rectal bladder. Initial clinical experience with 10 patients]. 187 40

From August 1988 until March 1990, 10 female patients received an augmented, functional rectal bladder according to the technique first described by Kock. Indications were radical cystectomy in 8 and undiversion from a previously wet stoma in 2 patients. There was no perioperative mortality. Postoperative complications were: one obstructive pyelonephritis (treated with a temporary nephrostomy); one obstruction at the ileal intussusception (operative revision), and one slipping at the sigma nippel (no treatment). Intravenous pyelographies taken 2-3 months postoperatively, showed 13 normal and 5 slightly dilated renal units. All patients are completely continent by day, 7 are continent at night, 2 wear sanitary pads during the night due to occasional spotting. The preliminary experience with this new technique is encouraging and warrants further clinical application in patients in whom the external urethral sphincter is not available as continence organ.
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PMID:Functional, augmented rectal bladder: early clinical experience. 191 31

From August 1982 through January 1984, 51 patients underwent urinary diversion that included creation of a continent reservoir from an ileal segment, according to the method described originally by Kock. An important modification included removal of a narrow strip of mesentery for 8 cm. along the afferent and efferent limbs of the pouch to allow adequate ileal intussusception, and fixation to prevent reflux and to ensure continence. Previous urinary diversion was by ureterosigmoidostomy in 3 patients, standard ileal conduit in 7 and suprapubic cystotomy in 1. A total of 39 patients underwent simultaneous anterior exenteration for pelvic malignancy. There was 1 postoperative death and early complications occurred in 10 patients. Of these 10 patients 4 required reoperation: 2 for drainage of a pelvic abscess, 1 for conversion to a standard ileal conduit and 1 for bleeding. Late complications occurred in only 8 patients: 5 required reoperation and revision of the continence valve mechanism, and 3 required hospitalization for brief episodes of pyelonephritis. The end result in 49 of 50 patients has been an overwhelming success. Patients perform self-catheterization every 4 to 6 hours during the day and once at night for volumes ranging up to 1,400 cc. Serum electrolytes have remained normal and hyperchloremic acidosis has been encountered in only 1 patient who had had compromised renal function preoperatively with hyperchloremic acidosis as a result of previous ureterosigmoidostomy. X-rays of the Kock pouch have shown evidence of reflux in only 1 patient, and all excretory urograms have demonstrated either normal upper tracts without obstruction or improvement in patients with preoperative hydronephrosis. Although preliminary, this clinical trial suggests that the quality of life for patients considered previously to be candidates for cutaneous diversion can be improved markedly by a modified Kock continent ileal reservoir.
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PMID:Clinical experience with the Kock continent ileal reservoir for urinary diversion. 650 96

Five epidemics of diffuse, poorly differentiated lymphocytic, immunoblastic, and plasmacytoid lymphoma induced by an infectious, horizontally transmitting viroidlike agent have occurred in two hamster facilities. Incidence summaries and pathologic characteristics of the lymphomas induced in LSH and LVG hamsters are presented. An elevated leukocyte count with a marked increase in neutrophils and a significant decrease in small mononuclear lymphocytes was detected in 5-week-old but not in 10- or 25-week-old LVG hamsters born in the facility contaminated with the lymphoma-inducing agent. Three-week-old LVG hamsters exposed to the contaminated facility showed no similar hematologic change at 5 weeks of age or 5 weeks of exposure. Several associated syndromes, including an intussusception disease, pyelonephritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and body warts associated with the presence of the causative viroidlike agent in the contaminated colonies are described. Details of the epidemiology of the disease, karyology, viral studies, and correlation with several epidemics in other laboratories are presented.
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PMID:B-cell and T-cell lymphomas and other associated diseases induced by an infectious DNA viroid-like agent in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). 660 Aug 84

Gallbladder disease in children today is being diagnosed increasingly because of better awareness of its existence and of improved diagnostic capability. A case is presented to describe an unusual pathologic variant termed "acute hydrops" of the gallbladder. This entity occurs specifically in children and is characterized by an acute illness with massive distention of the gallbladder in the absence of stones, bacteria, or congenital malformations. Differential diagnoses include appendiceal abscess, intussusception, volvulus, peritonitis, and pyelonephritis. Routine and contrast radiographic techniques may be combined with abdominal ultrasound to aid in the preoperative diagnosis. The etiology of hydrops is not known, but bile stasis and mesenteric lymphadenitis seem to be important factors. Treatment has varied from supportive observation to operative aspiration or cholecystectomy.
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PMID:Hydrops of the gallbladder in children. 685 91

An outbreak of horizontally transmitted malignant lymphoma in an experimental hamster holding facility was previously reported. Retroviridae (oncornavirus) or other conventional oncogenic viruses (oncodnaviruses) could not be detected in these lymphomas by immunological methods, direct isolation procedures or electron microscopy but an infectious agents was clearly involved. The incidence of lymphomas during five recurrent epidemics ranged from 50 to 90% in young, inbred and random-bred Syrian golden hamster exposed. The agent seemed to be resistant to UV inactivation, formaldehyde vapour and other viricidal agents (chlorine and iodine), and stable for long periods in the absence of hamster hosts in the contaminated facility. Associated disease syndromes in exposed hamster included severe enteritis, pyelonephritis, the occasional appearance of warts, poor breeding efficiency and intussusception. We now report the successful, cell-free isolation of an unusual, filterable agent prepared in protamine sulphate buffer from primary and animal-passaged lymphomas, which produces lymphomas with good efficiency when injected subcutaneously (s.c.) into newborn Syrian inbred (LSH) and random-bred (LVG) hamster. The agent could be reisolated from these induced lymphomas and injected into other hamsters to reproduce the neoplastic condition. It showed characteristics suggested for a mammalian viroid (a non-encapsidated, DNase-sensitive low-molecular-weight, disease-causing, self-replicating, naturally infectious nucleic acid).
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PMID:Unusual filterable oncogenic agent isolated from horizontally transmitted Syrian hamster lymphomas. 720 28

Acute appendicitis is the first cause of emergency surgery in children. Actually, emergency abdominal sonography has evolved in differential diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children to differentiate it from other causes of acute abdomen as mesenteric lymphoadenitis, acute right pyelonephritis, acute diverticulitis in Meckel's diverticulum, intestinal intussusception, regional enterits, primary peritonitis, anaphylactoid purpura of Henoch-Schonlein. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the usefulness of abdominal sonography in diagnosing acute appendicitis in our current series of pediatric patients. We have operated 102 patients afflicted by appendicitis admitted to the pediatric department of Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano in a period of 5 years and operated on for appendectomy. In the last 2 years 36 patients were evaluated with abdominal sonography. This diagnostic tool showed in 34 (94.4%) a liquid effusion, sometimes thick of the right iliac fossa. In 2 patients the appendix had thickened layers, was edematous and the lumen was clearly filled with debris. Abdominal sonography has given a clear cut picture of the acute inflammatory process of the appendix. None of these patients has suffered from septic or obstructive complications. Mean duration of hospital stay was 6.35 days (3-15 days). Differential diagnosis of acute appendicitis can be extremely variable, from simple, paradigmatic situations to the most intriguing ones. This concept is well emphasized by William Silen when he says that "differential diagnosis of acute appendicits is an encyclopedic compendium of every abdominal disease that causes pain" in the 11th edition of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Current diagnostic-therapeutic trends in treatment of pediatric appendicitis]. 803 58

The objectives of urinary diversion are expanding from merely preserving kidney functions to enabling the patient to have a good quality of life while maintaining an acceptable certain body image. During the new era of continent urinary diversion the psychological drawbacks of noncontinent skin stoma in young adolescents cannot be overlooked. Ureterosigmoidostomy has been the technique of choice for continent urinary diversion in bladder extrophy patients when bladder reconstruction is not feasible or has failed. Although it provides a good daytime continence it is associated with a high rate of nighttime incontinence and delayed complications of pyelonephritis and hyperchloremic acidosis. We managed five male bladder extrophy patients with noncontinent skin stoma (sigmoid colon conduit in three and ileal conduit in two) including two patients who had previously had complicated classic ureterosigmoidostomy. They underwent urinary undiversion to the valved and augmented rectum (three patients) and the valved S-shaped rectosigmoid pouch (two patients) with some modifications. The conduit was used in the construction, and the ureters were implanted behind an isolated intussusception ileal nipple valve. Tube cecostomy and total parenteral nutrition was used for 7 to 10 days instead of a temporary defunctioning transverse colostomy. With a mean follow-up of 19.8 months (range 9-36 months) all the patients are fully continent during the day and night, with an emptying intervals of 3 to 6 hours. Follow-up intravenous pyelography and renal scans revealed improvement or stabilization of the function and configuration of the upper tracts in all renal units. No prophylactic alkali therapy was given. No clinical evidence of acidosis or symptomatic urinary tract infection was observed. Modified ureterosigmoidostomy is a good alternative for continent urinary undiversion even in those who have previously had complicated classic ureterosigmoidostomy. Our modification of using tube cecostomy and parenteral nutrition instead of a temporary transverse colostomy warrants attention; it made the technique simpler and more attractive.
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PMID:Continent urinary undiversion to modified ureterosigmoidostomy in bladder extrophy patients. 988 Apr 34

Surgical treatment of primary obstructive megaureter is generally recommended when ureteral dilatation is likely to contribute to symptoms such as pyelonephritis or calculi. The authors' objective for this study was to present the surgical results performing ureteral reimplantation, combined with modified Lich-Gregoir antireflux procedure (using anchoring stitch) over a 10 year period. The average operative time for ureteral reimplantation was 259.64 minutes. The authors' success rate was 92% and all patients had no postoperative ureteral obstruction from intussusception of reimplanted ureter Follow-up postoperative renal sonography at 22 weeks showed a decrease in hydronephrosis in 92%. The authors concluded that the surgical results were comparable with surgical results of other techniques and an anchoring stitch should be considered to prevent postoperative ureteral obstruction from ureteral intussusception.
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PMID:Results of surgical repair of primary obstructive megaureter. 1669 16


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