Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using 44 anti-O sera 789 Escherichia coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections were typed. Of the 119 E. coli strains from the urine of children, 49.6% were O-typable; only 3.4% were rough strains. Of 357 strains from pregnant women, 47% were O-typable; 12.1% were rough strains. The largest proportion of O-typable E. coli strains was found among 314 strains isolated from adults with recurrent urinary tract infections (55.4% of the 314 strains); 8% were rough strains. The higher proportion of E. coli rough strains in adults, including pregnant women, indicate that once a pyelonephritis process has been established by virulent smooth strains in childhood, it can be sustained by rough strains at a later stage. Certain O serotypes were found to occur with a variable frequency in the individual patient groups. Enteropathogenic E. coli strains were seldom found in any of the three groups.
Infection 1980
PMID:[Escherichia coli o serotyping in different patient groups with urinary tract infections (author's transl)]. 698 60

Using 44 anti-O sera 789 Escherichia coli strains isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections were typed. Of the 199 E. coli strains from the urine of children. 49.6% were O-typable; only 3.4% were rough strains. Of 357 strains from pregnant women, 47% were O-typable; 12.1% were rough strains. The largest proportion of O-typable E. coli strains was found among 314 strains isolated from adults with recurrent urinary tract infections (55.4% of the 314 strains); 8% were rough strains. The higher proportion of E. coli rough strains in adults, including pregnant women, indicate that once a pyelonephritis process has been established by virulent smooth strains in childhood, it can be sustained by rough strains at a later stage. Certain O serotypes were found to occur with a variable frequency in the individual patient groups. Enteropathogenic E. coli strains were seldom found in any of the three groups.
Infection 1980
PMID:[Escherichia coli O Serotyping in different patients groups with urinary tract infections (author's transl)]. 698 61

Earlier investigations have shown that pyelonephritic Escherichia coli specifically recognize and bind to carbohydrate structures correlated to the P blood group antigens. These findings are confirmed and extended in this study. Twenty-two of 23 nonselected E. coli strains from children with acute febrile pyelonephritis failed to agglutinate human erythrocytes lacking the antigens within the P blood group system. Only one of 32 faecal isolates exhibited this specific agglutinating property. The new informatin in this paper is that P2k erythrocytes, containing only the Pk antigen, were agglutinated to the same extent by pyelonephritic E. coli strains, giving further support to the proposal that the Pk glycosphingolipid is related to the receptor for pyelonephritic E. coli. In addition, the importance of the oligosaccharide moiety of the Pk glycosphingolipid for the binding of E. coli was further investigated. The synthesized disaccharide alpha-D-Galp-(1-4)-beta-D-Galp-1-O-0-NO2 inhibited the agglutination of human erythrocytes caused by two pyelonephritic E. coli strains at concentrations of less than 1 mM. Hence, the minimal receptor structure recognized by these E. coli strains appears to be the alpha-D-Galp-(1-4)-beta-D-Galp structure. How generally valid this observation may be needs further investigation. The findings may open new possibilities for diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infection.
Infection 1980
PMID:Identification of a carbohydrate receptor recognized by uropathogenic Escherichia coli. 699 13

Ceftezole (CTZ) was administered to 20 patients with hematopoietic malignancy complicated with infections. These patients consisted of 7 cases of AML, 2 ALL, 2 AMMoL, 1 APL, 1 blast crisis of CML, 2 HD, and 5 NHL. In 13 cases, sites of infection were determined and causative organisms were identified. In other 7 cases, sites of infection or causative organisms were unknown. In the former 13 cases, pneumonia was demonstrated in 6 patients, tonsillitis in 4 patients, pyelonephritis in 2 patients and sepsis in 1 patient. Klebsiella was separated from 5 patients as the causative organisms, E. coli from 2 patients, E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from 1 patient, Pseudomonas cepacia from 1 patient, Streptococcus viridans from 2 patients, Proteus from 1 patient and Torulopsis from 1 patient. Gram-negative rods were separated from 10 of the 13 cases (77%) as the causative organisms. CTZ was administered intravenously in dose from 4 g to 16 g per day combined with other antibiotics (AMK, GM, DKB, TOB, SBPC, CBPC, LC, ST). The response rate in 12 cases of acute leukemia and in 7 cases of malignant lymphoma was 58% and 43%, respectively. Infections occurred in 4 patients with less than 100 neutrophil per mm3 did never favorably responded even with CTZ.
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PMID:[Treatment of infection in the patients wih hematopoietic malignancy with ceftezole (Falomesin) (author's transl)]. 721 16

The chance on a complete compensation of the residual kidney is the larger the earlier the nephrectomy as performed. Infections of the urinary tract, pyelonephritis, affection with calculi and functional disturbances are the most frequent diseases of the residual kidney particularly then, when the contralateral organ was also removed for these reasons. Specific tuberculous inflammations and tumorous affection of the residual kidney rarely appeared.
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PMID:[The clinical problem of living with one kidney]. 744 16

In this study, the relationship between leukotrienes, peritubular cell infiltration with polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and renal tubular damage was investigated in a rat model of acute ascending pyelonephritis. Infection was induced by the injection of 10(5) CFU of Escherichia coli into the bladder and occlusion of the left ureter for 24 h. Treatment of infected animals was started 24 h after the induction of pyelonephritis with either hydrocortisone (25 mg/kg of body weight per day), the leukotriene inhibitor L-651,392 (10 mg/kg/day), or the vehicle of L-651,392 and was maintained for 5 days. At the end of treatment, the animals were killed, serum was collected, and both kidneys were removed for colony counts and histopathology. Renal function was evaluated by the measurement of blood urea nitrogen levels and creatinine clearance. The numbers of PMNs and mononuclear cells (MNs) in the cortex and medulla were recorded for all groups on plastic sections done from the left kidney. Infection alone (vehicle of L-651,392) resulted in intensive interstitial infiltration and a severe tubular destruction in the cortex. Treatment with hydrocortisone did not prevent PMN migration and tissue damage. By contrast, treatment with L-651,392 resulted in a significant reduction in PMNs (P < 0.001 in comparisons with all other groups) and greater preservation of the tubular structure despite identical bacterial counts than in the group receiving hydrocortisone. We conclude that L-651,392 prevents inflammatory cells from reaching the site of infection and protects the kidney from tubular damage associated with inflammation during pyelonephritis. Inhibitors of leukotrienes should be further investigated for their potential benefit as adjuvants to antibiotherapy in the treatment of pyelonephritis.
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PMID:L-651,392, a potent leukotriene inhibitor, controls inflammatory process in Escherichia coli pyelonephritis. 797 88

Adult male rats were subjected to pyelonephritis by direct kidney intramedullary injection of 0.1 ml saline suspension of 10(5) E. coli. Animals were killed at intervals of 4, 10, 15, 30 and 60 days. Half of each kidney and bladder were cultured in proper bacteriologic media to demonstrate the existence of infection. The other halves were submitted to light microscopy and ultrastructural studies. Immunofluorescence methods were used for the study of connective matrix components, at the initial stage of the inflammatory process (4, 10 and 15 days). Infection was documented by bacteriologic, gross and microscopic findings in all groups following inoculation, and it lasted up to two months. Following the acute inflammatory reaction, fibronectin and type III collagen were deposited in the interstitium of kidneys. Small amounts of type I collagen were found later. Type IV collagen appeared in small quantities, associated with collapse of structures containing basement membranes. Fibronectin became concentrated in re-activated foci. The subsequent scarring and associated focal renal atrophy depended upon the extension of the acute lesion.
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PMID:Dynamics of connective matrix deposition in acute experimental E. coli pyelonephritis in rats. 808 88

The antibiotic policy in 34 Dutch formularies for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI) was evaluated. A great variation in antibiotic therapy for the treatment of cystitis was observed: the length of therapy ranged from 1 to 14 days, the agents recommended included older compounds such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and newer agents such as ciprofloxacin. Recommendations for the treatment of acute pyelonephritis were: a 2 week course of co-trimoxazole in 20 out of 34 formularies. Likewise for acute prostatitis less variation was observed for the length of treatment, i.e. 2 weeks co-trimoxazole, doxycycline or quinolones.
Infection
PMID:Treatment of urinary tract infections in Dutch hospitals. 881 61

Elderly patients are at high risk for urinary tract infection (UTI). Infections of the urinary tract may be classified as asymptomatic bacteriuria, uncomplicated cystitis, uncomplicated pyelonephritis or complicated UTI. The micro-organisms responsible for causing UTI are largely predictable and dictate therapy when indicated. UTIs may be diagnosed by both nonculture and culture techniques. Asymptomatic bacteriuria, though quite common in the elderly, should rarely be treated. Treatment of symptomatic uncomplicated and complicated UTIs is largely dictated by the known or expected pathogen(s) and classification of the infection. Additional features affecting the treatment of UTI in the elderly include allergies, adverse reactions to therapy, drug interactions and modification for renal insufficiency.
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PMID:Optimal treatment of urinary tract infections in elderly patients. 906 Dec 71

Seven hundred and twenty-seven renal transplant patients are reviewed with respect to the occurrence of urinary tract infection (UTI) after renal transplantation. UTI was defined as the detection of both bacteriuria (10(5) CFU/ml) and pyuria (10 leukocytes/hpf). UTI developed in 11 of the inpatients (20.8%) and in 30 (4.2%) of the outpatients during a one-year period. Among outpatients, 12 had symptomatic infections, comprising seven with acute pyelonephritis and five with acute cystitis. Asymptomatic UTI was detected in 18 patients. In addition, asymptomatic bacteriuria without pyuria was observed in ten (1.4%) patients. UTI was more common in patients with diabetes, and underlying urinary tract complications were present in some patients. Administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for about 4 months is suggested to reduce the frequency of UTI in the early period after renal transplantation.
Infection
PMID:Prevalence of urinary tract infection during outpatient follow-up after renal transplantation. 910 85


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