Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 107 infants with 182 antenatally diagnosed urinary tract anomalies, 24 had either unilateral (12) or bilateral (12) vesicoureteric reflux (VUR). The VUR was more common in boys (male to female ratio, 16:8) and usually severe (grades IV [16], III [10], II [4], and I [6]). Intravenous pyelography showed the changes of atrophic pyelonephritis in 10 refluxing units, and in another two with an associated pelviureteric junctional hydronephrosis. Lateral ectopia of the ureteric orifices was noted in six of these 10 refluxing renal units. Isotopic renography showed a reduction in function in nine of the 14 patients examined, ranging between 9% and 41%. (45% and above was considered within the normal range). Only two patients developed a urinary infection before intravenous pyelography or isotopic renography was performed, suggesting that renal changes noted were primary rather than secondary. Findings support the hypothesis that foetal VUR may be a contributing factor in the causation of atrophic pyelonephritis (foetal reflux nephropathy) observed in these patients.
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PMID:Reflux nephropathy secondary to intrauterine vesicoureteric reflux. 218 15

Echography was employed to examine 94 children with different renal pathology. 45 children had chronic secondary pyelonephritis in the presence of the vesicoureteral reflux, 18 hydronephrosis, 14 ureterohydronephrosis, 6 chronic non-obstructive pyelonephritis, 5 acute glomerulonephritis, and 6 chronic glomerulonephritis. The data obtained by ultrasonography and x-ray data were studied and compared. The results thus derived supplement and make it possible to review the former ultrasonic criteria for normal and pathological conditions with unmarked morphological alterations in the kidneys. Novel criteria for the size of the lumen of the collecting systems are presented.
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PMID:[Diagnostic value of renal echography in children]. 219 Jan 69

Abdominal ultrasonography was performed on a caprine doe with anorexia, dysuria, and a palpable abdominal mass. Ultrasonography of a large firm mass situated cranial to the pelvic brim revealed a distended urinary bladder, which was confirmed by a dynamic bubble study. The left kidney had a large anechoic renal medulla and dilated renal pelvis and ureter consistent with ureteropyelectasia. Necropsy confirmed the existence of hydronephrosis and hydroureter, as well as cystitis, pyelonephritis, and partial urinary tract obstruction. The cause of the obstructive uropathy was a mass of fibrous tissue that obliterated the uterine cervix and partially obstructed the urethra and left ureter. The cause was presumed to be a cervical trauma from dystocia and forced extraction of a kid, with subsequent chronic fibrosis.
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PMID:Ultrasonographic diagnosis of obstructive uropathy in a caprine doe. 220 3

Growth of Candida albicans in the mycelial phase is neither necessary for initiation of infection in the kidney of the mouse, following intravenous inoculation, nor for the establishment of chronic renal colonization. However, mycelial formation would appear to be important in the establishment of pelvic lesions with their associated pathological changes. Two mycelia-less mutants, CA-2 and MM2002, in the early stages of infection tended to develop in the glomeruli of the mouse kidney cortex while the wild-type parent strains spread throughout the cortex and medulla, with only occasional involvement of glomeruli. The mutants appeared to stimulate a milder inflammatory response than the parent strains. In chronic infections with wild-type strains, tangled masses of mycelia filled the renal pelvis, but pyelonephritis and hydronephrosis did not depend on a persistent cortical infestation. Yeasts of the mutant strains persisted in the body of the kidney and stimulated a continuing neutrophil response. Systemic infections with wild-type strains were eliminated by treatment with low doses of an azole antifungal drug, ICI 195,739, or with amphotericin B, whereas systemic infections with the mutant strains were much reduced, but not eliminated, by relatively high doses of either of the two drugs. Unlike azole drugs, amphotericin B does not show differential activity against the two morphological forms of C. albicans. Because kidney infections with the mutant strains are relatively resistant to amphotericin B as well as the azole tested, we conclude that the impressive activity of azoles in vivo may not be explained entirely by their inhibition of mycelial growth.
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PMID:Candida albicans--do mycelia matter? 221 38

Differentiation of uncomplicated pyelonephritis versus complicated pyelonephritis has always been problematic. No clear physical signs or symptoms are diagnostic. To study differences between the two, we retrospectively reviewed charts of patients admitted to Charity Hospital, New Orleans, with febrile urinary tract infections. Criteria for inclusion were pyuria, positive urinary culture, and signs or symptoms of pyelonephritis. All patients underwent renal ultrasonography (US) before other diagnostic tests. US identified a potential emergency (hydronephrosis or abscess) in 11 of 98 patients (11.2%). The only significant contributing factor was the presence of diabetes mellitus, which was present in five of 11 emergent conditions and eight of 73 of the remainder (P = 0.003). US is inexpensive, easily obtainable in the emergency room, and sensitive enough to screen patients with pyelonephritis for complications. However, we believe it is mandatory in diabetics, because of the high incidence of abnormalities in this population.
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PMID:Ultrasonography in the differentiation of complicated and uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis. 223 41

The ureteral diversions performed in the treatment of mainly malignant lesions of the pelvis with ureteral or bladder involvement may be complicated by strictures and cause hydronephrosis, pyelonephritis and lithiasis. Personal experience and technique are described as applied in the percutaneous antegrade drainage of different urinary diversions (cutaneous ureterostomy, ileal conduit, colon conduit, ureterosigmoidostomy, ureterocolostomy) in 46 patients. The good results obtained (70% success rate), the absence of major complications, the low cost and the little patient discomfort confirm the leading role of percutaneous treatment versus surgery in obstructed urinary diversions.
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PMID:[The results of the percutaneous treatment of obstructed ureteral diversions. The technic and personal experience in 46 cases]. 235 60

The Soviet-made device "URAT-P" for remote lithotripsy was used for the treatment of urolithiasis in children aged from 22 months to 14 years who suffered from various clinical patterns of urolithiasis with solitary or dendritic calculi. Out of 64 treated persons, 21 children had undergone 1-2 surgeries for the disease. The majority of them had pains and frequent aggravations of pyelonephritis. Excretory urography revealed the signs of hydronephrosis and hydrocalycosis. There was no need for additional adjustments to perform the procedure in patients with a height of under 75 cm. The authors employed erosive operating conditions of a shock-wave generator for lithotripsy in case of large or dendritic calculi and to avoid preliminary renal drainage. One treatment session was a success in 43 patients, 2 sessions were needed for 15, 3 for 4 and 4 for 2 patients. A beneficial effect (total disintegration and fragmental discharge) was reached in 64 (98.4%) of the patients. Partial disintegration was recorded only in 1 patient who was exposed to 2 sessions. Radioisotope, immunological, ultrasonic, and biochemical investigations failed to reveal inhibition of the renal functional parameters after remote lithotripsy. No renal injuries associated with hematogenesis were revealed in the parents. The signs of hematuria were observed in the first portion of the postoperative urine only. The only serious complication calling for close attention is acute pyelonephritis observed in 6 patients, one case requiring a surgical application of nephrostoma.
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PMID:[Remote lithotripsy with the URAT-P apparatus in treating urolithiasis in children]. 239 37

A new technique for nonrefluxing ureteral replacement using ileum has been developed. Five adult mongrel dogs were operated using this nonrefluxing ileal ureteral technique. Subsequent reoperation showed in every case the preservation of renal function, a nonrefluxing system and no evidence of pyelonephritis or hydronephrosis. Based on the intussuscepted ileal nipple used in the Kock continent ileostomy, this technique has application in candidates for urinary undiversion, situations of ureteral loss due to trauma and fibrosis, and in patients with tuberculous strictured ureters.
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PMID:Nonrefluxing ileal ureteral replacement using the intussuscepted ileal nipple: laboratory studies. 239 52

One case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis diagnosed following nephrectomy is described, considering its outstanding characteristics such as male adolescent, right kidney, involvement with normal function and without pathological history for which there is no explanation to date. This disease usually occurs in women 60 years or older, suggesting a renal tumor. In 50% of the cases, urine cultures are positive for Escherichia coli or Proteus mirabilis; in accordance with different reports renal tissue cultures are positive in more than 90%. Malnutrition, calcification, urolithiasis and renal failure with hydronephrosis are common findings. The left kidney is more frequently involved. The etiology is unclear: many hypotheses are discussed, with malnutrition and peroxidase deficit as important causes.
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PMID:[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in an adolescent]. 248 45

We report a case of giant hydronephrosis from lithiasis and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a 69-year-old patient, whose presenting symptoms were those of duodenal obstruction.
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PMID:[Duodenal obstruction: first manifestation of giant hydronephrosis]. 249 Mar 63


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