Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During a 12-month period, 23 patients aged 12 to 78 years were treated for 8 to 40 days (mean, 23 days) at home with intravenous (i.v.) antibiotics. Diseases treated included bone and joint infection (14 patients), blastomycosis (two), actinomycosis (two), staphylococcal bacteremia (two), endocarditis (two), and candidal pyelonephritis (one). After initial in-hospital training, patients self-administered their drugs through a heparin-lock i.v. cannula, which was changed regularly by a visiting home care nurse. Antibiotics administered included cloxacillin, penicillin G, cephalosporins, gentamicin, carbenicillin, and amphotericin B. Patient and family acceptance of the program was good, the program was therapeutically effective, and, apart from a decreased prevalence of phlebitis with the heparin lock at home, side effects were no different from those of in-hospital-treated patients. The cost of home therapy was $ 40 per patient-day compared with an estimated $ 137 had the patients remained in hospital. Most patients were able to resume normal activities while receiving home i.v. therapy.
 ...
PMID:Intravenous antibiotic therapy at home. 71 41

Authors performed electronic stimulation of the paralysed bladder that was attributed to various innervation troubles. For this purpose, they implanted 10 patients with stimulator Model PMS-3, each with 8 electrodes. In three cases, outside factors (like endocarditis, pyelonephritis aposthematosa, and progress of paralysis in the limbs) forced them to remove the stimulator. The other cases can be declared as successful, for complete bladder emptying has been obtained. The authors want to emphasize that patients with an implanted stimulator can dispense with an indwelling catheter thereby avoiding vesicoureteral reflux. The absence of recurrent pyelonephritis results in prolonged health. This new technique seems to be appropriate, especially in peripheric paralysis, while central paralysis connected with fibrosis of the bladder neck often requires additional surgical intervention, e.g. transurethral resection.
 ...
PMID:Electronic bladder stimulation in spinal cord paralysis. 108 93

Electric stimulation of the bladder through eight electrodes was performed in 7 patients suffering from innervation disturbances of various origin. In one case the device had to be removed because of endocarditis and sepsis after 8 months. In 6 cases the result was satisfactory as the patients were capable of emptying their bladder without catheterization. By abolishing vesico-ureteral reflux, recurrent pyelonephritis is eliminated, consequently life expectancy greatly improves. The method is believed to be suitable mainly in cases of peripheral bladder paralysis. In cases of central paralysis, the fibrosis of the bladder neck calls for additional interventions such as transurethral resection.
 ...
PMID:[Bladder stimulation of patients with spinal injuries]. 122 1

Endocarditis due to Escherichia coli is rare. The case of a 79-year-old woman with E. coli bacteremia and multiple hemorrhagic cerebral infarcts is reported. A two-dimensional echocardiogram showed no evidence of a vegetation. While she was receiving antimicrobial therapy, bacteremia, hematuria, conjunctival petechiae, and a mitral regurgitant murmur occurred. The patient died, and at autopsy a large (2.2 x 2.0 x 0.7 cm) necrotic vegetation on the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve and several hemorrhagic infarcts of the brain were noted. An in vitro study with use of pooled human serum was performed and demonstrated that the patient's infecting strain of E. coli was serum resistant, in contrast to a serum-sensitive control strain of E. coli that was isolated from the cultures of blood from a patient with pyelonephritis. Including our case, 19 well-described cases of E. coli endocarditis from 1945 to 1990 have been reported. E. coli can cause endocarditis of both sides of the heart. More cases of endocarditis of host valves than of prosthetic valves have been documented.
 ...
PMID:Mitral valve endocarditis caused by a serum-resistant strain of Escherichia coli. 155 38

Many discriminative experimental animal models of infection have been utilized in the evaluation of newer fluoroquinolones. In vivo efficacy of many of the newer agents has been shown in experimental models of meningitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, pyelonephritis, osteomyelitis, abscesses of various types, septic arthritis, gastroenteritis, salmonellosis, listeriosis, tuberculosis, syphilis, sinusitis, prostatitis and burn wound sepsis, among others. This review focuses on recent developments in a few selected areas. Although the limitations of animal model studies are well described, these results provide a rationale for the appropriate clinical usage of the newer fluoroquinolones in humans.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of quinolones in experimental animal models of infections. 186 88

A female diabetic patient of 66 years old with acute pyelonephritis, caused by escherichia coli, was further complicated by bacteremia and a rare septic metastasis such as arthritis of the knee and coxa-femoral, unilateral purulent endophthalmitis with a loss of sight and aortic endocarditis which required a surgical change of valves, the posterior evolution being favourable.
 ...
PMID:[Arthritis, endophthalmitis and endocarditis caused by Escherichia coli]. 189 20

Decisions on treatment times with antibiotics are often arbitrary and based on empirical decisions or clinical trials which are too small to exclude even considerable differences between two study groups. Single-dose treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women has been advocated by many but a careful analysis of available information clearly shows that a single-dose has so far always been inferior to 3-day or greater than 5-day treatment. With trimethoprim-sulphonamide combinations, no further efficacy is gained by increasing the treatment time in uncomplicated cystitis above three days while frequency of side effects increases drastically with extended treatment. In contrast, treatment with beta-lactams, for less than five days seems to result in unacceptable failure rates. In pyelonephritis there are few studies of the efficacy of antibiotic treatment for less than ten days. A comparison of two and six weeks' treatment showed no advantages with the extended time. There has also been a tendency towards reduced treatment times in upper respiratory tract infections such as streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis. However, two studies comparing 10-day treatment to 7-day and 5-day treatments, respectively, have clearly shown that the shorter treatment times give much higher rates of both clinical and bacteriological relapse. In more severe infections such as meningitis, no studies comparing treatment times have been carried out. It seems possible to use treatment for five days or less in meningococcal meningitis while other pathogens should be treated for ten days or longer. In endocarditis, the treatment time must vary with causative pathogens and can only rarely be shorter than four weeks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Efficacy and safety of antibiotic treatment in relation to treatment time. 209 14

Emphysematous escherichia coli endophthalmitis occurred in a 72-year-old patient as a complication of E. coli septicemia secondary to emphysematous pyelonephritis and endocarditis. This is the first reported case of endogenous emphysematous endophthalmitis secondary to E. coli septicemia.
 ...
PMID:Escherichia coli emphysematous endophthalmitis and pyelonephritis. Case report and review of the literature. 327 76

Amphotericin B and N-D-ornithyl amphotericin B methyl ester were compared for therapeutic efficacies against experimentally induced cryptococcal meningitis and Candida albicans endocarditis with pyelonephritis in rabbits. Antifungal activity of the two polyenes in vitro was similar for the yeasts used in these experiments. N-D-ornithyl amphotericin B methyl ester gave a slightly higher concentration in serum than amphotericin B did, but both drugs had similar elimination curves, and penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid was poor for both. Despite these similarities between the two polyenes, amphotericin B was much more effective than N-D-ornithyl amphotericin B methyl ester in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in rabbits. For C. albicans endocarditis, both polyenes had similar cure rates, but in vitro measurement of fungicidal activity in serum did not predict treatment outcome. For C. albicans pyelonephritis, both polyenes showed efficacy; because higher doses of the less toxic methyl ester could be used, it sterilized the urinary tract more often than amphotericin B. These studies indicate that in vivo and in vitro experiments may be needed to predict the results of treatment with polyenes.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of amphotericin B and N-D-ornithyl amphotericin B methyl ester in experimental cryptococcal meningitis and Candida albicans endocarditis with pyelonephritis. 408 60

Cefmenoxime was evaluated in an open trial consisting of 41 patients. Forty infections in 36 patients could be evaluated. Thirteen patients had pyelonephritis due to Escherichia coli (two bacteremic), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Streptococcus faecalis; all improved and 12 of 13 were clinically cured, but one relapse (S. faecalis) occurred at two weeks. Six patients with cystitis due to E. coli, Citrobacter freundii, Serratia marcescens, P. aeruginosa, or S. faecalis all improved, but relapse or reinfection, or both, occurred in five due to P. aeruginosa, S. faecalis, C. fruendii, or E. coli. Neurogenic bladder or other complications were present in five of 13 patients with pyelonephritis and five of six with cystitis. Ten patients with pneumonia and one with tracheobronchitis due to Hemophilus influenzae, S. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae, or Neisseria meningitidis all improved and seven had resolution without relapse, but P. aeruginosa emerged in two patients, one of whom died. Eight soft tissue infections due to Staphylococcus aureus, Peptococcus prevotti, Streptococcus species, or infections of mixed origin resolved in six. Sterility of blood cultures was obtained in one patient with endocarditis due to S. anginosus, but other therapy was substituted. Clinical resolution of the toxic shock syndrome and subsequent negative endocervical cultures for S. aureus occurred in one. Granulocytopenia of unverified cause in four (with less than 1,500 mm3) and two (with less than 2,000 mm3) was reversible. Headache during treatment occurred in six patients and a possible disulfiram-like effect in three. Elevations of serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase occurred in five, Coombs' positivity in two, and diarrhea in three. Clinical efficacy of cefmenoxime was significant. Possible side effects require further study.
 ...
PMID:Cefmenoxime: clinical evaluation. 609 26


1 2 3 4 Next >>