Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A carcinogenesis bioassay of 1,2-dibromoethane, a widely used nematocide and leaded gasoline additive, was conducted by exposing groups of 50 F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice of each sex by inhalation to concentrations of 10 or 40 ppm of the 1,2-dibromoethane for 78-103 weeks. Untreated controls consisted of 50 rats and 50 mice of each sex exposed in chambers to ambient air. Throughout the study, mean body weights of high-dose rats and high-dose mice of either sex were lower than those of the corresponding untreated controls. Survival of the high-dose rats of either sex and of the low- and high-dose female mice was significantly shorter than that in the corresponding controls. The principal cause of early death in control and dosed male mice was ascending, suppurative urinary tract infection that resulted in necrotic, ulcerative lesions around the urethral opening, chronic or suppurative cystitis (often with urinary tract obstruction), and ascending suppurative pyelonephritis. Carcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the nasal cavity were observed with significantly increased incidences (P<0.001) in high-dose rats of either sex relative to controls. The incidences of adenocarcinomas and adenomas of the nasal cavity were also significantly increased (P<0.001) in low-dose rats of either sex. Adenomatous polyps of the nasal cavity showed significantly increased incidence (P<0.001) in low-dose male rats. The combined incidence of alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas and carcinomas was statistically significant (P=0.024) for high-dose female rats. Hemangiosarcomas of the circulatory system (mainly spleen) and mesotheliomas of the tunica vaginalis occurred in high-dose male rats with significantly increased incidences (P<0.001) relative to controls. The incidence of fibroadenomas of the mammary gland was significantly elevated (P<0.001) in dosed female rats relative to controls. The incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar carcinoma and alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma were significantly increased(P<0.001) in high-dose male mice relative to controls. These tumors were also increased in high-dose female mice (P=0.007 for adenomas and P<0.001 for carcinomas). Hemangiosarcomas occurred in low- and high dose female mice at incidences significantly greater (P<0.001) than the incidence in the controls (0/50). High-dose female mice also had significantly increased incidences of subcutaneous fibrosarcomas (P<0.001) and of nasal cavity carcinomas (P=0.013). Low-dose female mice also showed a significantly increased incidence (P<0.001) of mammary gland adenocarcinomas. Exposure to 1,2-dibromoethane was also associated with hepatic necrosis and toxic nephropathy in rats of either sex, testicular degeneration in male rats, retinal degeneration in female rats, and epithelial hyperplasia of the respiratory system in mice. Under the conditions of this bioassay, 1,2-dibromoethane was carcinogenic for F344 rats, causing increased incidences of carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, adenomas of the nasal cavity, and hemangiosarcomas of the circulatory system in males and females; mesotheliomas of the tunica vaginalis and adenomatous polyps of the nasal cavity in males; and fibroadenomas of the mammary gland and alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas and carcinomas (combined) in females. 1,2-Dibromoethane was carcinogenic for B6C3F1 mice, causing alveolar/bronchiolar carcinomas and alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas in males and females; and hemangiosarcomas of the circulatory system, fibrosarcomas in the subcutaneous tissue, carcinomas of the nasal cavity, and adenocarcinomas of the mammary gland in females. Levels of Evidence of Carcinogenicity: Male Rats: Positive Female Rats: Positive Male Mice: Positive Female Mice: Positive Synonyms: ethylene dibromide; EDB; ethylene bromide
 ...
PMID:Carcinogenesis Bioassay of 1,2-Dibromoethane (CAS No. 106-93-4) in F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Study). 1277 25

Common complications after cystourethrectomy include wound infection, pneumonia, pyelonephritis and ureteral obstruction. No perineal cysts have been reported. We describe a perineal cystiic mass excised 14 years after cystourethrectomy. The cyst was lined by keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium with prominent rete ridges and basal pigmentation. A subjacent, concentric layer of smooth muscle was evident. An eccrine sweat gland was present in the cyst wall. Taken together, the features strongly suggest a scrotal inclusion cyst, a hitherto undescribed entity. Although rare, this lesion could masquerade as a local recurrence of carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Benign scrotal inclusion cyst of the male perineum: an unusual post-operative complication. 1280 10

The ureteroscopic approach to ureteral strictures has diminished morbidity because of smaller-caliber equipment, improved optics, Ho:YAG laser, and a better understanding of the risk factors for ureteral strictures. Direct visualization by means of retrograde ureteroscopy provides a safe and effective approach to treat ureteral strictures without the need for an open incision or percutaneous nephrostomy access. All patients with a ureteral stricture require an extensive evaluation and planning before treatment. Generally, patients with ureteral strictures and a history of carcinoma should undergo biopsy of the area of stricture. With recurrent cancer, patients may present with pain, nausea, vomiting, pyelonephritis, or loss of the ipsilateral renal unit. Malignant strictures tend to not respond well to balloon dilation alone. Open or laparoscopic resection and reconstruction may be indicated if there is a chance for cure. In patients who are not good surgical candidates or in those who have advanced disease, the urologist is left with the option of an indwelling stent or nephrostomy tube.
 ...
PMID:Ureteroscopic management of ureteral and ureteroenteral strictures. 1504 Apr 7

The authors report a rare congenital anomaly, retrocaval ureter (RCU) with carcinoma. The patient had recurrent pyelonephritis, hematuria and renal colic. Urography shows no function on right side. Abdominal ultrasound revealed marked right hydronephrosis. Antegrade ureterography through nephrostomy revealed a RCU. Helical C.T. confirmed the RCU and also revealed a defect in contrast medium in the upper ureter. We performed percutaneus antegrade nephro-ureteroscopy and found carcinoma of the retrocaval ureter. This may be the first case of tumor in the RCU. We did not find any other in the literature. (Fig. 3, Ref. 14.).
 ...
PMID:Retrocaval ureter with ureteral carcinoma. 1505 34

We report a case of collecting duct carcinoma presenting as pyelonephritis with hypercalcemia and metastasis to the ovary. Case management and literature review being presented.
 ...
PMID:Bellini duct carcinoma with ovarian metastasis. 1563 74

Dimethylarsinic acid (DMA(V), cacodylic acid), a foliar herbicide, was administered in the diet to B6C3F1 mice (at dose levels of 0, 8, 40, 200, and 500 ppm) and to F344 rats (at dose levels of 0, 2, 10, 40, and 100 ppm) for 2 years, according to US EPA guidelines. In mice, there were no treatment-related tumors observed at any site. Treatment-related progressive glomerulonephropathy and nephrocalcinosis were observed in the kidneys in both sexes. The incidence of vacuolation of the epithelium in the urinary bladder was increased in both sexes, but was not associated with cytotoxicity, necrosis or hyperplasia. Based on non-neoplastic lesions found in the urinary bladder, the NOEL for mice was assessed to be 40 ppm in males and 8 ppm in females. In rats, treatment-related mortality occurred early in the study in five males in the 100 ppm group and in one male in the 40 ppm group. Papillomas and carcinomas with degeneration of the urothelium, necrosis and urothelial cell hyperplasia, were found in the urinary bladders of both sexes. In male rats, one papilloma was found in each of the 10 and 40 ppm groups; one urothelial cell carcinoma was found in the 2 ppm group and two in the 100 ppm group. Four papillomas and six urothelial cell carcinomas were found in the female 100 ppm group. Non-neoplastic treatment-related kidney lesions were confined to the 40 and 100 ppm levels and included necrosis, pyelonephritis, medullary nephrocalcinosis and tubular cystic dilation, hyperplasia of the epithelial lining of the papilla, and pelvic urothelial cell hyperplasia. All of these kidney changes appear to be related to an increase in the aging nephropathy of the rat. Dose-related increases in the height of the thyroid follicular epithelium were also noted in males and females, however, such changes reflect an adaptive response of the thyroid to decreased levels of circulating thyroid hormone, rather than an adverse effect. Based on the kidney and bladder lesions, the NOEL for non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions was considered to be 10 ppm in males and females. Based on these studies, DMA(V) is carcinogenic only in rats and only at relatively high doses, with the urinary bladder as the target organ. Female rats appear to be more sensitive to the effects of DMA(V) than male rats. DMA(V) is not carcinogenic in mice.
 ...
PMID:Dimethylarsinic acid: results of chronic toxicity/oncogenicity studies in F344 rats and in B6C3F1 mice. 1667 51

This study provides a base for evaluating incidentalomas. The incidence and type of pathological findings in a large group of surgically removed adrenal glands were analyzed: 282 resected adrenals from the years 1995 to 2004 were examined; 242 adrenals were removed for therapy of renal cell carcinomas (in one case both adrenals were removed). Other indications for adrenalectomies were malignant tumors (urothelial carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, sarcoma, lymphoma, etc.) and benign findings (oncocytoma, angiomyolipoma, pyelonephritis, etc.). A total of 18 adrenals exhibited a metastasis or diffuse infiltration of the adrenal or para-adrenal tissue by a malignant tumor (17 renal cell carcinomas, 1 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). Seven adrenals exhibited an adenoma. Eighty-nine adrenal hyperplasias were diagnosed. Eighty-six adrenals included myelolipomatous or lipomatous foci. One hundred and thirteen adrenals (40.1%) did not exhibit any pathological findings. The adrenals exhibited infiltration or metastasis by malignant tumors (6.4%), adrenal adenomas (2.5%), adrenal hyperplasias (31.6%), and other alterations (38.7%).
 ...
PMID:Abnormalities in incidentally removed adrenal glands. 1730 64

Clinicopathologic features in a series of 11 cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis are reviewed. There were seven males and four females ranging in age from 6-56 years with an average age of 34 years. The disease was unilateral in ten cases and bilateral in one. There was associated urinary tract obstruction in eight cases due to renal or ureteric stones (5), ureteric stricture (2), and carcinoma of the urinary bladder (1). Two of the patients were renal transplant recipients in which native kidneys were involved by xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. In one of these cases, a small renal cell carcinoma was found in one kidney along with amyloidosis involving both kidneys. Radiologic findings were mostly non-specific. These findings are briefly discussed in light of the salient features of this disease as published in the literature.
 ...
PMID:Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: King Faisal Specialist Hospital experience. 1758 85

The recently recognized Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), all of which bear gene fusions involving the TFE3 transcription factor gene, comprise at least one-third of pediatric RCC. Only rare adult cases have been reported, without detailed pathologic analysis. We identified and analyzed 28 Xp11 translocation RCC in patients over the age of 20 years. All cases were confirmed by TFE3 immunohistochemistry, a sensitive and specific marker of neoplasms with TFE3 gene fusions, which can be applied to archival material. Three cases were also confirmed genetically. Patients ranged from ages 22 to 78 years, with a strong female predominance (F:M=22:6). These cancers tended to present at advanced stage; 14 of 28 presented at stage 4, whereas lymph nodes were involved by metastatic carcinoma in 11 of 13 cases in which they were resected. Previously not described and distinctive clinical presentations included dense tumor calcifications such that the tumor mimicked renal lithiasis, and obstruction of the renal pelvis promoting extensive obscuring xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Previously unreported morphologic variants included tumor giant cells, fascicles of spindle cells, and a biphasic appearance that simulated the RCC characterized by a t(6;11)(p21;q12) chromosome translocation. One case harbored a novel variant translocation, t(X;3)(p11;q23). Five of 6 patients with 1 or more years of follow-up developed hematogenous metastases, with 2 dying within 1 year of diagnosis. Xp11 translocation RCC can occur in adults, and may be aggressive cancers that require morphologic distinction from clear cell and papillary RCC. Although they may be uncommon on a percentage basis, given the vast predominance of RCC in adults compared with children, adult Xp11 translocation RCC may well outnumber their pediatric counterparts.
 ...
PMID:Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma in adults: expanded clinical, pathologic, and genetic spectrum. 1766 36

A 45-year-old woman, known to have a congenital exstrophy ofthe bladder, for which she underwent a ureterosigmoidostomy in her infancy, presented with fever. This was due to pyelonephritis, from which she recovered with antibiotic therapy. During colonoscopy a carcinoma of the sigmoid was found at the level of the anastomosis of the ureters. Patients with a ureterosigmoidostomy have a one hundred-fold increased risk of colon carcinoma compared to the general population. The development of malignant tumours as a long-term complication of this procedure is linked with the frequent contact between intestinal tissue and urine. Periodical colonoscopy of these patients is advised.
 ...
PMID:[Sigmoid carcinoma as a long-term complication following ureterosigmoidostomy]. 1856 45


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>