Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cases of Klinefelter syndrome diagnosed late in life are reported with the clinical and post-mortem findings. The diagnosis was suspected owing to the absence of testes and the presence of associated varied clinical features. The urinary follicle-stimulating hormone levels were not elevated and were very low in two of the cases. Bronchopneumonia, ascending pyelonephritis and cystitis were the main causes of death but there were varied pathological findings in the prostate of benign hyperplasia, carcinoma and prepubertal gland. Marked atherosclerosis of the aorta and the lower-limb vessels were present but the coronary systems were little affected. It is suggested that, because of the presence of two X chromosomes and the absence of testes, this condition may give a female pattern of longevity, many examples being overlooked in old age on account of inadequate clinical examination. Some support for this hypothesis will be found if its incidence in the aged is shown to be greater than in the young.
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PMID:Klinefelter syndrome in the aged. 7 Jan 64

In order to identify prolactin-producing tumours in human pituitary glands, 45 chromophobe adenomas, obtained from unselected necropsies, have been studied by various staining procedures including the immunoperoxidase technique for the demonstration of prolactin. The presence of immunoreactive prolactin was revealed in the cytoplasm of the tumour cells in six cases (13%), indicating that the occurrence of prolactin-producing adenomas is not rare. No correlations were established between tumours and clinical history. Two adenomas were detected in female and four in male patients. The age of the patients at necropsy ranged from 28 to 75 years. Three adenomas were associated with disseminated carcinoma, two with fatal liver disease, and one with diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and pyelonephritis. Manifest endocrine symptoms were not disclosed, and endocrine investigations, including measurements of blood prolactin levels, were not undertaken. Thus, direct evidence is lacking as to whether or not these tumours were actively secreting prolactin. In the non-tumorous parts of the anterior lobes the number of prolactin cells was decreased in two cases, suggesting that prolactin released from the adenoma cells suppressed prolactin production in the non-tumorous pituitary. However, the number of prolactin cells of the non-tumorous adenohypophysis seemed to be unchanged in two and increased in another two cases. The present findings conclusively proved the existence of the prolactin-producing adenomas as a distinct entity. These tumours do not stain with acid or basic dyes, they are PAS or thionin negative, and do not contain immunoreactive growth hormone. Thus, by conventional staining procedures they are indistinguishable from other chromophobe adenoma types. Herlant's erythrosin and Brookes' carmoisine methods, claimed spedifically to stain prolactin cells, failed to provide reliable results, hence their use cannot be recommended in tumour identification. Immunoperoxidase staining of prolactin is the only technique which conclusively reveals the presence of immunoreactive prolactin in the cytoplasm of the tumour cells and permits diagnosis. It is proposed that this technique be introduced in pituitary morphological studies. Its application may lead to a better understanding of problems related to prolactin-producing tumours and their secretory activity.
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PMID:Localization of prolactin in chromophobe pituitary adenomas: study of human necropsy material by immunoperoxidase technique. 77 66

An investigation was made on patients with cervical carcinoma to test the efficiency of a general administration of antibiotics and chemotherapeutic drugs which are commonly used in urology. The study has been made to analyze the frequency of pathological findings in the urinary tract, in general, and, in particular, the pattern of bacteriological findings as well as antibiogramms at different times of carcinoma therapy. Additionally, consideration was given to the bacteriological situation before the onset of carcinoma therapy and to manifest urologic complications during and after carcinoma therapy. In cases of primary absence of bacteria in urine the therapy preferably used in this clinic was that with chloramphenicol and nifurantin administered up to the 4th week after operation and this was sufficient in two thirds of cases. Conversely, in patients with primary bacteriuria the results of treatment after 4 weeks were satisfactory in only one third of the cases. This poses the necessity of making a more subtle selection of drugs including broad spectrum penicillins. Moreover, therapy has to be continued mainly for women with a previous urological history and for women in whom infections of the urinary tract were observed on release from the hospital. In addition to prevention of chronic pyelonephritis improvement of postoperative wound healing as well as restriction of ureteral fibrosis, hydronephrosis and uremia, as a result of general control of infection are also of considerable importance.
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PMID:[Progress in the prevention and control of urologic complications of the cervix carcinoma. I. Urinary tract infections]. 78 93

It is now apparent that the standard total cystectomy and Bricker procedure, by eliminating the ureterovesical junction with its reliable antireflux mechanism, markedly reduces the protection of the upper urinary tracts. In an attempt to restore this protective principle, the subserosal ileoureteral antireflux procedure was devised and subsequently performed in 6 patients with infiltrating bladder carcinoma. The operation is technically easy to perform, it is not time consuming and has consistently prevented ileoureteral relux without causing obstruction. There have been no serious complications, no episodes of pyelonephritis or urinary leakage and no evidence of renal functional deterioration as measured by serum creatinine and IVP. Although it is still to early to predict the eventual long-term results our experience with the first 6 patients with the antireflux ileoureteral anastomosis suggests that this modification of the original Bricker procedure offers superior protection to the upper urinary tracts.
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PMID:Antireflux ureteroileal anastomoses in humans. 111 11

The authors report 2 cases of localized xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) in which computed tomography (CT) permitted to raise a motivated clinical suspicion of inflammatory disease: the surgical exploration documented absence of neoplasm and allowed a conservative therapy implying only the removal of the mass. A literature review confirms that some CT signs in XGP permit differentiation from carcinoma. If they are present, in unifocal cases of disease, the authors suggest a limited surgical approach and a therapeutic strategy as conservative as possible.
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PMID:Focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. 141 14

A 63 year old male underwent cystectomy and ureterosigmoidostomy after diffuse carcinoma "in situ" of the bladder was discovered, and thereafter, various episodes of pyelonephritis and metabolic imbalance, in one of them, a left pneumo-ureter and a positive blood culture for Clostridium Perfringens and enterococci was detected. Empiric therapy with Aztreonam was started, and changed after to high-dose intravenous amoxicillin. Two months later the ureterosigmoidostomy was converted to an ileal conduit. The patient has remained asymptomatic on subsequent controls.
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PMID:[Bacteremia caused by Clostridium perfringens as a complication of ureterosigmoidostomy]. 163 62

Based on analysis of 309 transurethral [correction of transureteral] surgeries performed on patients with various diseases (prostatic adenoma, prostatic carcinoma, vesical tumors, urethral stenosis, cervical sclerosis) the authors scrutinized various complications: intraoperative (hemorrhages, vesical perforations) and postoperative ones. The most common postoperative complications were acute pyelonephritis, (5.82 per cent), dysuria (3.88), urethral stenosis (2.91 per cent). Immediate and long-term postsurgical hemorrhages were documented in 4.2 per cent and enuresis in 1.94 per cent of the patients. Certain prophylactic measures were considered. The duration of surgery was found to be correlated with the incidence of postoperative complications and it should not exceed 30-49 min. The mortality rate was 1.29 per cent.
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PMID:[The complications of transurethral operations (an analysis of 5-year results)]. 169 37

Zinc and cadmium in both serum and erythrocytes from patients with prostatic carcinoma of different histologies, BPH, other urological tumors, and pyelonephritis were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. The variance of the results obtained was very high for each group. No significant differences in the Zn or Cd concentration in either the blood plasma or the erythrocytes could be found between any of the different groups of patients. There were also no trends to be seen in the concentrations of these elements in human blood over a period of months. We conclude that the concentration of Zn and Cd in serum or erythrocytes are not an index for the diagnosis or therapy of prostatic carcinoma, BPH, urological malignancy, or inflammations.
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PMID:Zinc and cadmium plasma and erythrocyte levels in prostatic carcinoma, BPH, urological malignancies, and inflammations. 241 32

Various methods of urine derivation in the patients with carcinoma of the urinary bladder who had undergone cystectomy were comparatively analysed. To solve the problem the authors performed 87 surgeries with the use of ureterostomy (44); isolated ileac segment--Bricker's method--(12); rectoplastic formation of the bladder (11); isolated sigmoid segment (10); ureterosigmoidostomy (10). Various degrees of urine retention before the operation (ureteropyeloectasia, ureterouronephrosis, renal failure) occurred in 39 patients exposed to ureterostomy, 10 patients subjected to the surgery by Bricker's technique, in 4 subjects who underwent the rectoplastic formation of the bladder, 2 patients who sustained ureterosigmoidostomy and 5 ones with isolated sigmoid segment. 15 patients (17.2 per cent) died in the postoperative period. The highest percentage of lethal outcomes was recorded in those who sustained ureterosigmoidostomy (50) or rectoplastic formation of the bladder (27.2), the lowest, in the patients with isolated ileac segment (8.2). Peritonitis (5) and pyelonephritis (3) were the main causes of death. Associated complications of the upper urinary tract, such as pyelonephritis attacks or renal failures, were more common in those who sustained ureteroneoileostomy (4) or ureterosigmoidostomy (9), while in case of Bricker's technique application it occurred but once. The authors considered ureteroneoileostomy (the technique by Bricker) as the most optimal modality correcting the urine derivation regardless of the severity of the upper urinary tract changes.
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PMID:[Comparative evaluation of different methods of urine derivation after cystectomy for bladder cancer]. 280 76

150 patients dying from renal cell carcinoma are studied in order to reveal the background disease, incidence and character of the nephrosclerosis and the possible morphogenetic link between nephrosclerosis and carcinoma. Renal cell carcinoma is found to develop in 82.7% of cases in the kidneys with signs of nephrosclerosis. The diffuse nephrosclerosis developing in connection with the hypertension disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, chronic pyelonephritis, nephrolithiasis is the most important. Proliferation of the canaliculi epithelium with the appearance of undifferentiated cells are regularly found in the nephrosclerotic areas. The disturbance of the epithelium differentiation is followed by the development of dysplasia the phenotypical variants of which are similar to those of renal cell carcinoma. Adenomas are found in 11.3% of cases of renal cell carcinoma which may originate from the adenomas developing against the background of nephrosclerosis.
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PMID:[Background and precancerous processes in renal cell carcinoma]. 280 41


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