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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary renal aspergillosis has been reported only five times previously. We report the first case with primary renal aspergillosis where reconstructive and not extirpative surgery was used. Patients who have predisposing factors such as diabetes, malignancies, or immunosuppression represent the primary target for fungal infection. In these patients the clinical picture of nonspecific and fungal pyelonephritis are similar. Therefore fungal infections should be considered in the differential diagnosis of urinary tract infections.
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PMID:Primary renal aspergillosis. 267 56

Epidermoid carcinoma of the kidney is a rare malignant tumor, characterized by high invasiveness, poor prognosis, and the association of renal stone and renal infection. Very little reports about its sonographic appearance were mentioned in the literature. We present a case of epidermoid carcinoma of the kidney. Its ultrasonography showed a heterogeneous renal mass with perirenal and pararenal invasion, destruction of the renal pelvis, and preservation of enlarged reniform outline. Although this tumor should be differentiated with renal cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, renal metastatic tumor, renal lymphoma, renal infarction, focal bacterial nephritis, and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis etc., we think we should put epidermoid carcinoma of kidney into consideration when a renal tumor mass presents with perirenal and pararenal invasion, destruction of the renal pelvis, and preservation of enlarged reniform outline in sonography, and hypovascularity in angiographic study.
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PMID:[Epidermoid carcinoma of the kidney]. 269 39

Cystectomy with ureterosigmoid anastomosis by modified Goodwin's technique was performed in 47 patients with local vesical cancer. Pre- and postoperative functional status of the kidneys was assessed by means of renography, excretory urography and laboratory tests. Unilateral or bilateral renal dysfunction developed within 12 to 18 months after surgery in 22.2% of patients with good pretreatment renal status. In cases of preoperative renal impairment, it improved postoperatively in just 35% of the patients. Rectoromanoscopy, contrast sigmoidography and excretory urography demonstrated pathological conditions in the area of ureterointestinal anastomoses (strictures, gaping or anastomositis) or sigmoid changes (sigmoiditis, kinking or stenosis in the perianastomosis area) in 83.3% of patients with impaired postoperative renal function. These conditions lead to hydroureteronephrosis, intestinoureteral refluxes and progress or development of pyelonephritis as a result. It is concluded that the state of ureterointestinal anastomoses and the sigmoid should be assessed specifically in postureterosigmoid anastomosis patients with impaired renal function. The surgical techniques and the degree of ureteral dilatation can make an important contribution to pathologic conditions developing around the anastomoses. Good functional activity of the kidneys and the absence of upper urinary dilatation are the principal prerequisite for ureterosigmoid anastomosis.
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PMID:[Causes of the functional disorder of the kidneys in patients with bladder cancer after cystectomy with ureterosigmoid anastomosis]. 280 77

In a consecutive material of 652 E. coli bacteremia 70 episodes (11%) were found in 64 patients with diabetes mellitus. 10 patients had insulin-dependent and 54 had non-insulin-dependent diabetes. The E. coli strains were tested for adhesive properties as mediated by P-fimbriae, a virulence factor in human urinary tract infections. Half of the strains were P-fimbriated with a higher occurrence in women (26/42, 62%) than in men (9/27, 33%). Diabetic patients with a positive urine culture had a higher incidence of P-fimbriated E. coli strains (27/37, 73%) in blood culture than patients with negative or no urine culture taken (8/32, 25%). Furthermore, patients without compromising factors, regardless of their diabetes mellitus, had a higher incidence of P-fimbriated E. coli strains (19/29, 66%) than those with malignancies and other debilitating diseases (6/22, 27%). The high incidence of P-fimbriated E. coli strains in the non-compromised patients may depend on the ability of such bacteria to invade the urinary tract and cause acute pyelonephritis, which often precedes E. coli bacteremia. A lower incidence of P-fimbriated E. coli strains was found in patients with proteinuria prior to the bacteremic episode (10/31, 32%), compared to those without proteinuria (25/35, 71%). No correlation was noted between P-fimbriation and duration of diabetes or serum creatinine. The low incidence of P-fimbriated E. coli strains in patients with proteinuria indicates that nephropathy, or some concurrent complication, predisposes the diabetic patient to bacteremia with low virulent, non-P-fimbriated E. coli.
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PMID:Bacteremia with P-fimbriated Escherichia coli in diabetic patients: correlation between proteinuria and non-P-fimbriated strains. 289 4

Sixty CDl mice received dimethylhydrazine 20 mg/kg s.c. once weekly for 26 weeks to induce colorectal cancer. At this time the animals harbored frank colorectal cancer and early epidermoid cancer. The animals were divided into six groups that were subjected to the following treatments: none, MTP immunotherapy (MTP) alone, radiotherapy (R) alone, difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) chemotherapy alone and combinations of R+DFMO and R+DFMO+MTP. Criteria of evaluation of treatment efficacy were: number of colorectal tumor lesion and their staging at death, the incidence and size of anal cancer at death and survival time. Radiotherapy alone was marginally effective and MTP treatment was moderately effective in preventing anal cancer and reducing the number of colorectal tumors as well as their size. DFMO was exceptional in preventing anal cancer in a majority of animals and increasing animal survival; the latter effect was due to its preventive action against pyelonephritis, the major cause for animal death. However, in DFMO treated animals, the incidence of angiosarcoma increased from 10-16% (in the absence of DFMO) to 35-50% (in the presence of DFMO). The most effective treatment of the colorectal tumor was the triple combination of R + DFMO + MTP.
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PMID:Increased survival of CD1 mice bearing dimethylhydrazine induced primary colon and anal cancers by difluoromethylornithine with concomitant increase in angiosarcoma incidence. 310 15

A case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XPN) in a boy of 20 months is reported. The patient suffered from high fever. Leukocytoses, anaemia and enhanced C-reactive protein were detected. Ultrasound and CT showed an enlarged left kidney with atypical structures. Malignancy could not be excluded praeoperatively. The IV pyelogram and scintigraphy revealed a functioning left kidney. Nephrectomy resulted in complete cure. A short description of the XPN and a survey of the literature is given.
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PMID:[A case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in an infant]. 313 32

Treatment of human colonic cancer in early stages when the process is still limited to the colonic wall is primarily surgery. We wished to see if maltose tetrapalmitate (MTP) immunotherapy alone or in combination with radiotherapy (R) and cyclophosphamide (C) chemotherapy would be effective against primary colon cancer in a fashion similar to that reported by us for primary liver cancer (Anticancer Research 6: 245-250, 1986). One hundred female CD1 mice were subjected to dimethylhydrazine (DMH) treatment once a week for 26 weeks, a period one week before which, colon cancer was histologically documented in each animal of a group that was sacrificed. Surprisingly, many of the animals harboured early anal cancer as well. At 28 weeks, 85 of the available animals were divided into 6 groups that received: Gr. 1, no treatment; Gr. 2, MTP alone (M); Gr. 3, radiotherapy alone (R); Gr. 4, cyclosphophamide alone (C); Gr. 5, R + C; Gr. 6, M + R + C. Criteria of treatment efficacy were: number, size and staging of colorectal tumors and the incidence and the size of anal tumors at death. Mean survival time was also determined although it remained a questionable criterium since most animals died due to complication (hepatic toxicity, pyelonephritis, thrombose) elicited by DMH, R and C toxicities and not as a result of colonic tumor size or metastases. As a single therapy, M appeared to be superior to either R or C alone. However, R + C combination was effective and was further improved upon by its association with M. With the triple combination, (M + R + C), lesions of both cancers decreased in size and/or number and the colon cancer histologically eclipsed from 46% of the treated animals.
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PMID:Antitumor efficacies of maltose tetrapalmitate immunotherapy alone and in combinations with radiotherapy and with cyclophosphamide chemotherapy against dimethylhydrazine induced colon and anal cancers in CDI mice. 338 53

A 34-year-old woman with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis mimicking a renal tumour is presented. Preoperative examinations including renal ultrasonography, computed tomography, renal angiography and fine needle biopsy could not exclude malignancy. The diseased kidney had good function and there was no history or signs of urinary tract infection or calculi. During operation a frozen section biopsy showed xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and a kidney-saving enucleation of the tumour was performed. The patient recovered uneventfully with good kidney function on the operated side.
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PMID:Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a functioning kidney. A case report. 343 96

Although various complications such as electrolyte imbalance and urinary infection are known to be induced by ureterosigmoidostomy, it is still a surgical technique difficult to ignore since it allows patients to lead an almost normal life without the encumbrance of external urinary devices. At our hospital, we performed eighteen ureterosigmoidostomy operations between 1976 and 1985. Herein, we review the postoperative conditions of electrolyte, renal function and other complications. The patients (16 male, 2 female) were between 53 and 72 years old, the mean age being 61.5 years. The primary diseases were bladder tumor (14 patients), prostatic cancer (2), carcinoma of the female urethral diverticulum (1) and urethral stricture (1). As to the electrolytes, both serum Na and serum K values fluctuated within the normal range. Hyperchloremia was detected in 4 cases (22.2%), but it was only slightly above the normal range and the conditions were more or less stabilized a year after the operation. Although blood urea nitrogen had a tendency to elevate one or two years after the operation, serum creatinine fluctuated within the normal range. During the observation period, only 7 of the 18 cases (38.9%) showed complications, the major complication being pyelonephritis (3 cases). Postoperative excretory urogram revealed slight to medium hydronephrosis two months after the operation in 9 of the 18 cases (50%), but most of these conditions were normalized within a year. Four patients died after leaving hospital; 3 due to the recurrence of cancer and one due to pneumonia. The 14 other outpatients are enjoying a normal life without the use of any external urinary device.
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PMID:[Ureterosigmoidostomy--clinical review of 18 cases]. 344 31

Epidemiological studies suggest that urinary tract infection is an important risk factor in the development of bladder cancer. Chronic urinary tract infection in rats is associated with urothelial hyperplasia and papillomatosis. In the Sprague-Dawley strain, exposure to the 5-nitrofuran, N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT), is associated in particular with the development of renal pelvic tumors. The present study was designed to evaluate whether chronic urinary tract infection could enhance tumor development in FANFT-induced urinary tract carcinogenesis. One hundred forty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following groups. Group 1 received 0.2% FANFT in the diet for 7 wk followed by control diet. Group 2 received 0.2% FANFT in the diet for 7 wk followed by control diet. One wk after completion of FANFT administration, the suspension of 0.5 ml of Escherichia coli (06K13H1) was injected into the bladder through the urethra. Group 3 received 0.2% FANFT in the diet for 7 wk followed by control diet. One wk after completion of FANFT administration, a suspension of heat-killed E. coli (06K13H1) was injected into the bladder through the urethra. Group 4 received a suspension of 0.5 ml of E. coli (06K13H1) through the urethra and received control diet throughout the experiment. Group 5 was fed control diet only. The experiment continued for 104 wk. A significantly higher number of urinary tract tumors, particularly of the renal pelvis, was recorded in Group 2 compared to Groups 1, 3, 4, and 5. The majority of the rats in Groups 2 and 4 had morphological signs of urinary tract infections, particularly pyelitis and/or pyelonephritis. Thus, a single injection of E. coli (06K13H1) into the bladder results in an enhancement of FANFT-induced urinary tract carcinogenesis in the Sprague-Dawley rat, especially for renal pelvic tumors. The formation of dimethylnitrosamine or other nitroso compounds from nitrates in the urine or increased cell proliferation due to chronic inflammation or both may be important pathogenetic factors in the tumor development.
Cancer Res 1987 Jan 15
PMID:Enhancement of N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide-induced carcinogenesis by urinary tract infection in rats. 353 25


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