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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective study of 150 records of patients attending a renal clinic revealed a high (10 per cent) incidence of history of appendectomy. The possibility that an acute exacerbation of pyelonephritis, especially on the right side, might be misdiagnosed in some cases as appendicitis is discussed. Acute renal failure following unnecessary appendectomy in a patient with previously unrecognized and asymptomatic chronic renal disease may occur if this possibility is not borne in mind before operating on an atypical case of appendicitis.
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PMID:Appendectomies in patients with nephritis. 96 1

Cutaneous xanthogranulomatous inflammation is usually regarded as a primary disease process. We describe two patients with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and nephro-cutaneous fistulae, one patient with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and a chole-cutaneous fistula and one patient with xanthogranulomatous appendicitis and appendiceal-cutaneous fistula. After the first case, awareness that cutaneous xanthogranulomatous inflammation can be secondary to related internal disease played a vital diagnostic role in the subsequent cases.
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PMID:Cutaneous xanthogranulomatous inflammation: a potential indicator of internal disease. 155 6

One hundred and four children who were hospitalized for documented or suspected non-CNS bacterial infections (56 males/48 females, 22 days to 15 years old) were treated with intravenous imipenem/cilastatin for 9.4 days (range 3 to 28 days). Children up to three years of age received 100 mg/kg/day and older children 60 mg/kg/day, administered in four divided doses. Bacterial pathogens were isolated before therapy in 85%. Diagnoses in the 74 evaluable patients included bronchopneumonia with or without empyema (20%), peritonitis complicating appendicitis (16%), skin/soft tissue abscesses (14%), septicemia (11%) and miscellaneous other infections (39%). Among evaluable patients, 95% were clinically cured or improved. One patients, a marasmic child with pneumonitis due to pseudomonas, died during therapy. One evaluable patient each with shigellosis, Klebsiella pneumoniae empyema and streptococcal pneumonia had bacteriologic eradication or suppression but, due partly to noninfectious complications, had no overall clinical improvement. Most bacterial isolates (101/108) were eradicated, including many gram-negative and gram-positive aerobes and anaerobes; three pathogens persisted (one Proteus mirabilis and one Salmonella typhi, one Staphylococcus aureus); and one Escherichia coli pyelonephritis recurred after therapy ended too early. Imipenem/cilastatin was well tolerated by 91% of children. Clinical adverse experiences (AEs), none serious except for the one death, occurred in 19%; 12% were judged possibly related to imipenem/cilastatin, but none probably or definitely related. No serious laboratory AEs occurred; the most common AEs were eosinophilia (11%), urine discoloration, and infusion site pain. Imipenem/cilastatin is well tolerated and has excellent clinical efficacy in a wide variety of pediatric infections.
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PMID:Imipenem/cilastatin for pediatric infections in hospitalized patients. 333 Oct 43

The diagnosis of appendicitis may be difficult to establish even for the experienced surgeon. Considerable variability in presenting symptoms and signs, resulting in part from the numerous locations in which the appendix may be found, contributes to diagnostic insecurity. Appendicitis that mimics acute disorders of the genitourinary tract is a rare cause of diagnostic confusion. The association of appendicitis with abnormal urinary sediment or ureteral obstruction has been reported previously. We report 3 cases of proved appendicitis that presented with other symptoms suggestive of acute urological disorders (gross hematuria, acute prostatis and acute pyelonephritis). While gross hematuria caused by appendicitis has been reported previously, cases of appendicitis mimicking acute prostatitis or rupture of a renal calix with extravasation of urine following ureteral obstruction have not been described. Recognition of unusual manifestations of appendicitis is essential in current surgical practice. Appendicitis should be included in the differential diagnosis of acute urological disorders.
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PMID:Urological manifestations of acute appendicitis. 337 11

Ceftriaxone (CTRX) was studied for its efficacy and safety in 8 cases of infection during the perinatal period; 6 before, and 2 after delivery. The results obtained are recognized as follows: 1. CTRX was administered by intravenous drip infusion at a daily dose between 2 and 4 g for 2 to 10 days (a total dose: 4 to 20 g) each of 8 cases of infections during the perinatal period; 3 of amniotic fluid infection and 1 each of intrauterine infection, puerperal fever, puerperal wound infection, appendicitis and pyelonephritis. CTRX was evaluated to be very effective in 3, effective in 3 and ineffective in 2, with an efficacy rate of 75% (6/8). 2. Two strains of Enterococcus faecalis and 1 each of Pseudomonas cepacia and Streptococcus intermedius were isolated. All of them were eradicated by the CTRX treatment bacteriologically. 3. No adverse reactions were observed subjectively or objectively. A slight transient elevation of GOT, GPT and Al-P was observed in 1 case. No abnormal sign was observed in neonates.
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PMID:[Effects of ceftriaxone on infections during the perinatal period]. 340 48

The ectopy of the ureter orifices and ureterocele are always followed by either mechanical or dynamic obstruction of the ureter and obstructive pyelonephritis. These anomalies are periodically accompanied by abdominal pains which make their appearance during an attack of acute pyelonephritis. These abdominal pains can be erroneously taken for symptoms of appendicitis or intestinal obstruction and the patients are subjected to appendectomy or laparotomy by mistake. The erroneous appendectomy or laparotomy were fulfilled in 47 of 201 patients with ectopy of ureter orifices and ectopic ureterocele which were observed by the authors. The differentiation of genesis of abdominal pains may be more exact with the help of chromocystoscopy, excretory urography and isotopic renography.
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PMID:[Anomalies of ureteral orifices simulating diseases of the abdominal organs]. 367 20

Uterine unicollis bicornis with one rudimentary horn is a rare event. A case is presented of an infected rudimentary system existing with an intrauterine pregnancy. The differential diagnosis of appendicitis, chorioamnionitis, premature labor, and pyelonephritis makes management of such cases difficult. The successful outcome of one such case is presented.
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PMID:Uterine horn abscess complicating pregnancy. 371 39

Acute appendicitis is the first cause of emergency surgery in children. Actually, emergency abdominal sonography has evolved in differential diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children to differentiate it from other causes of acute abdomen as mesenteric lymphoadenitis, acute right pyelonephritis, acute diverticulitis in Meckel's diverticulum, intestinal intussusception, regional enterits, primary peritonitis, anaphylactoid purpura of Henoch-Schonlein. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the usefulness of abdominal sonography in diagnosing acute appendicitis in our current series of pediatric patients. We have operated 102 patients afflicted by appendicitis admitted to the pediatric department of Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano in a period of 5 years and operated on for appendectomy. In the last 2 years 36 patients were evaluated with abdominal sonography. This diagnostic tool showed in 34 (94.4%) a liquid effusion, sometimes thick of the right iliac fossa. In 2 patients the appendix had thickened layers, was edematous and the lumen was clearly filled with debris. Abdominal sonography has given a clear cut picture of the acute inflammatory process of the appendix. None of these patients has suffered from septic or obstructive complications. Mean duration of hospital stay was 6.35 days (3-15 days). Differential diagnosis of acute appendicitis can be extremely variable, from simple, paradigmatic situations to the most intriguing ones. This concept is well emphasized by William Silen when he says that "differential diagnosis of acute appendicits is an encyclopedic compendium of every abdominal disease that causes pain" in the 11th edition of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Current diagnostic-therapeutic trends in treatment of pediatric appendicitis]. 803 58

Lipid profile was evaluated prospectively in 23 consecutive children, aged 3.2-14.9 years, admitted to the hospital with a febrile illness (pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhea, pyelonephritis, mononucleosis, appendicitis). The degree of dyslipidemia associated with fever was assessed using each child as his/her own control and by comparison with 93 non-febrile children who had no evidence of fever during the past six months. Total cholesterol decreased during the symptomatic phase of the disease. The magnitude and duration of its decrease appeared to be related to the degree and duration of fever. Low HDL-cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia were observed during the late stage of the febrile disease and were still detected in the convalescent phase. This study suggests that in children, transient and sometimes prolonged lipid changes may occur in association with an infectious febrile disease. This effect is important for defining the appropriate timing for screening for dyslipidemias.
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PMID:Changes in lipid profile observed in children over the course of infectious disease. 811 Nov 76

We relate our experience about ureteritis, especially non specific ureteritis. The traumatic, radiation ureteritis will be discussed in others chapters. Most cases of ureteritis are infective, and may be due to any of the organism normally found in urinary tract infections, particularly Escherichia Coli, staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci, proteus and pyocyaneus. It is really primary, but it usually ascending from an associated cystitis, descending from pyelonephritis, or due to direct spread from and adjacent inflammatory lesion such as appendicitis or salpingitis. The infection may also reach the ureter by lymphatic spread, particularly from the prostate and seminal vesicles. Any associated abnormalities of the ureter, such as stricture, megaloureter, ureterocele, and so on, will naturally predispose to infective ureteritis. As ureteritis is rarely primary, the first step in treatment must be toward the elucidation and cure of any underlying lesion. Thus calculi, cystitis, pyelitis, and so on, will need appropriate therapy, and this in itself will considerably improve or cure the ureteritis, and specially in the more acute cases. In the chronic cases with stricture formation, dilation or even excision of the stenosed portion may be required. For the treatment of the strictures we want emphasize the role of the ureteral stenting thinking its use is necessary to preserve the renal function.
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PMID:[Ureteritis]. 847 90


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