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Query: UMLS:C0034186 (pyelonephritis)
 6,144 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have investigated anemia in patients at different stages of the evolution of three chronic renal diseases: Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), chronic pyelonephritis (PN) and chronic glomerulonephritis (GN). A total of 88 patients with creatinine clearances from 9 to 118 ml/min and hemoglobin concentrations from 70 to 160 g/l were studied with regard to the relationship, if any, between erythropoietin production and the type and stage of nephropathy. Anemia in BEN was a particular focus of interest since it had been stated that in BEN, anemia precedes renal failure. Our data neither prove nor disprove this statement. A significant positive correlation between creatinine clearance and hemoglobin concentration was found in all three nephropathies, indicating that in the patients studied the severity of anemia increased with the impairment of renal function regardless of the underlying disease. Serum levels of immunoreactive erythropoietin were in the normal range in 54 patients, moderately increased in 20 and slightly decreased in 14. The erythropoietin level appears to be unrelated to the stage of renal failure or the type of nephropathy. The only exception was the subgroup where the patients with glomerulonephritis and normal renal function had increased serum erythropoietin levels and significantly higher parameters of red blood cell concentration than the patients from the same subgroup with tubulointerstitial nephropathies. In patients with severe renal failure and anemia, serum erythropoietin levels were inappropriately low for the degree of anemia, indicating that erythropoietin plays a role in the pathogenesis of the anemia.
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PMID:Erythropoietin and anemia in the progression of Balkan endemic nephropathy and other renal diseases. 231 25

The methodology of a so-called task force approach to the diagnosis is suggested. It determines the strategy of the physician's diagnostic searches in some problems occurring in the examination of patients afflicted with the given disease. The problems (stages, levels of examination) show how one should reason, i. e. they form concrete bases for clinical thinking. According to this methodology, the symptoms should be classified with separate diagnostic problems--trends or stages of the patient's examination at the stage of a probable diagnosis establishment. The task force approach is a method of analysis which prevents potential gross diagnostic errors by means of deciding the main questions (functional, pathogenetic, etc.). A well-defined wording of the above-indicated problems--concrete regularities of the clinical thinking--are of paramount importance in teaching therapy. Examples are provided of the task force approach to the diagnosis of pyelonephritis, infectious myocarditis, anemia, and some other diseases.
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PMID:[The method of teaching therapy--the problem approach to diagnosis]. 259 73

A 63-year-old woman with the complaints of left renal stone and fistula between left ureter and colon was transferred to our clinic by a local doctor. Anemia, gamma-globulinemia, and acceleration of ESR were detected by hematology on admission. Kidney-ureter-bladder X-ray and intravenous pyelography showed left non-functioning kidney with coral stone, and RP revealed a fistula between left ureter and sigmoid colon. She was operated by nephroureterectomy and fistulectomy. The resected kidney appeared pale and parenchyma was almost replaced by yellowish tissue and pus. Histologically, the lesion was confirmed to be xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Meanwhile, the cause of the fistula was considered to be due to extending ureteritis and pelvic infection from the pyelonephritis. Postoperative course was satisfactory.
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PMID:[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis coexisting with fistula between ureter and sigmoid colon: a case report]. 272 27

A patient was evaluated because of edema, pruritus and generalized painless lymphadenopathy. Laboratory tests showed marked eosinophilia without known etiology. CT scan of abdomen revealed multiple lymph nodes in retroperitoneal area. Lymph node biopsy was reported as sinus histiocytosis, bone marrow biopsy showed hypercellularity with marked infiltration of normal eosinophils. During his admission he developed Coombs positive hemolytic anaemia. Once he was stable, a laparotomy was performed and the patient died two days later because of septic shock. Autopsy revealed sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) with extranodal involvement of duodenum, spleen and prostate; septic liver and spleen, pyelonephritis, marked infiltration of eosinophils in lymph nodes, spleen, liver duodenum and lungs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of the association of SHML and Idiopathic Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES).
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PMID:Association of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy and idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. 298 Jul 26

An 11-year-old boy suffered from malaise, weight loss and pallor. A palpable abdominal tumor on the right side, anemia and increased C-reactive protein were detected. Intravenous urography revealed destruction of the right kidney resembling Wilms tumor. But ultrasound and computered tomography rised skepticism. Analysis of previously documented cases suggests that xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis must equally be considered in a child with unilaterally enlarged kidney without function, especially when the child shows fever, leukocytosis, bacteriuria, anemia, leukocyturia, calculi of the urinary tract, abdominal pain and/or a palpable abdominal tumor. Ultrasound and computered tomography can lead to the diagnosis, and identify extrarenal infiltration. Nephrectomy results in complete cure and is therefore the treatment of choice.
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PMID:[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis]. 302 38

A 56-year-old woman in chronic hemodialysis had been suffering from uncontrollable fever for the past 7 months. Her original disease was diagnosed as familial polycystic kidney and three of her five brothers were found to have the same disease. Her chromosome was 46,XX,21P+ and laboratory examination revealed severe anemia, malnutrition, liver dysfunction, pyuria and candidiasis of urine. Abdominal echogram and CT scan revealed polycystic kidneys and multiple liver cysts. She was admitted to our hospital and was diagnosed as having pyelonephritis of the right kidney. As her condition was not improved by conservative therapy right nephrectomy was performed. One month later, spiking fever and left tenderness reappeared. Those symptoms could not be controlled by conservative therapy and left nephrectomy was performed again. Pathological examination on nephrectomized kidneys showed interstitial nephritis, hyaline degeneration and proliferative change of glomeruli, microabscess, colloid of tubules and calcification of parts of Henle's loops. Nephrectomy has been performed in 1.6 to 10.0% of polycystic kidneys due to references since 1952. Eight of the 22 polycystic kidneys (36.3%) seen at our hospital during the past 10 years have been removed.
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PMID:[A case of polycystic kidney with bilateral nephrectomy]. 305 41

A case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XPN) in a boy of 20 months is reported. The patient suffered from high fever. Leukocytoses, anaemia and enhanced C-reactive protein were detected. Ultrasound and CT showed an enlarged left kidney with atypical structures. Malignancy could not be excluded praeoperatively. The IV pyelogram and scintigraphy revealed a functioning left kidney. Nephrectomy resulted in complete cure. A short description of the XPN and a survey of the literature is given.
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PMID:[A case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in an infant]. 313 32

Over a 7-year period, 15 pregnant women admitted to Parkland Memorial Hospital for acute pyelonephritis developed respiratory insufficiency characterized by dyspnea, tachypnea, hypoxemia, and radiographic evidence of pulmonary infiltrates. Clinical manifestations usually appeared 24 to 48 hours after the patient was admitted and varied from mild respiratory distress to pulmonary failure in three; these three required tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. We found no evidence that pulmonary edema was caused by intravenous fluid overload. Oxygen therapy and ventilation were given to maintain the arterial PO2 at 80 mm Hg or greater, and erythrocyte transfusions were given to six women to correct anemia. Women with pulmonary injury were more likely to have multisystem derangement than a control group without respiratory involvement, but there were no clinical risk factors that were predictive at admission. This syndrome was probably caused by permeability pulmonary edema, likely mediated by endotoxin-induced alveolar-capillary membrane injury since other evidence of endotoxemia was common. Thrombocytopenia, hemolysis, intravascular coagulation, renal dysfunction, and transient cardiomegaly concomitant with hyperdynamic ventricular function are all explicable from endotoxin effects.
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PMID:Pulmonary injury complicating antepartum pyelonephritis. 357 94

The historic, physical, laboratory, and histologic findings for 74 cats with chronic renal disease were reviewed. Most cats were older, and no breed or sex predilection was detected. This most common clinical signs detected by owners were lethargy, anorexia, and weight loss. Dehydration and emaciation were common physical examination findings. Common laboratory findings were nonregenerative anemia, lymphopenia, azotemia, hypercholesterolemia, metabolic acidosis, hyperphosphatemia, and isosthenuria. The most common morphologic diagnosis was chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis of unknown cause. The other pathologic diagnoses were renal lymphosarcoma, renal amyloidosis, chronic pyelonephritis, chronic glomerulonephritis, polycystic renal disease, and pyogranulomatous nephritis secondary to feline infectious peritonitis.
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PMID:Clinicopathologic findings associated with chronic renal disease in cats: 74 cases (1973-1984). 358 99

Cefuzonam (L-105, CZON), a new parenteral cephalosporin, was evaluated for its efficacy and safety in 22 children with bacterial infections (Table 1). The results obtained are summarized below. MICs of CZON to 26 strains of isolated organisms are shown in Table 2. MICs to all 14 strains of Haemophilus influenzae and 6 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were less than 0.05 microgram/ml. The MIC to 2 strains of Staphylococcus aureus was 0.39 microgram/ml and that to another was 0.78 microgram/ml. Two strains of Escherichia coli showed MICs of less than 0.05 and 0.10 microgram/ml, respectively. The MIC to 1 strain of Enterococcus faecalis was 6.25 micrograms/ml. The CZON was administered in 3 or 4 divided doses at a daily dosage ranging from 58.5 to 85.7 mg/kg by 30-minute drip infusion or intravenous injection to 22 patients (9 cases of pneumonia, 9 cases of tonsillitis, 2 cases of bronchitis, 1 case each of suppurative parotitis and acute pyelonephritis) and the following clinical results were obtained; excellent: 12 cases; good: 7 cases; fair: 3 cases. The overall efficacy rate was 86% (Table 4). Diarrhea was observed in four patients, and was resolved with or without discontinuation of the medication within a week. Anemia was noted in 2 cases. Leucopenia and neutropenia was observed in 1 case. There were a moderate rises in S-GOT and S-GPT activities in 1 patient (Table 4), and they necessitated the cessation of the CZON therapy. The S-GOT and S-GPT activities became normal after the drug treatment was stopped.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of cefuzonam in children]. 359 88


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