Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034069 (pulmonary fibrosis)
 7,050 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixteen patients with Hodgkin's (10) and non-Hodgkin's (6) lymphoma were treated by the "ABCD scheme", which is a combination of adriamycin (25-30 mg/m2 day 1), bleomycin (15 mg day 1-5), CCNU (60 mg/m2 day 1) and DIC (90-100 mg/m2 day 1-5). 15 results are evaluable and included 5 complete remissions, 5 partial remissions, 2 stabilizations, 2 progressions and 1 early death (remission rate: 66%). 45 ABCD courses were given. 8 patients received more than one course (maximum 7 courses). Toxicity was tolerable and consisted mainly of myelodepression, nausea, vomiting and muco-cutaneous alterations. Two patients died following toxicity, one from myelosuppression and the other from interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. The results suggest that this combination can be useful where the usual chemotherapy combination fails.
 ...
PMID:[Simultaneous combination of adriamycin, bleomycin, cyclohexyl-chloroethyl nitrosourea with dimethyl-triazeno imidazole carboxamide in the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma]. 6 45

Nitrosourea derivatives, such as BCNU and CCNU, are considered useful chemotherapeutic agents in malignant brain tumors combined therapy. Pulmonary toxicity is one of the major side effects demonstrated both in experimental animal models and in human autoptic findings. Pulmonary fibrosis is the end point of progressive functional disorder of respiratory mechanism and alveolo-capillary gas exchanges. Authors present the results of a randomized, double-blind trial of 40 patients previously treated with surgery and radiotherapy and who subsequently underwent BCNU therapy for primary intracranial glioma. Patients underwent functional respiratory examinations at each chemotherapy course interval. Twenty patients received ambroxol (120 mg/day) for 40 days after chemotherapy course. Control patients received placebo with the same schedule and showed a significant reduction of pulmonary functional parameters (DLCO, MMEF, MEF 25%), whereas in the treated group there is no significant variation of these functional parameters. The mechanism of ambroxol is commonly related to the surfactant synthesis enhancement and to the action on bronchiolar pathways.
 ...
PMID:Nitrosourea derivatives-induced pulmonary toxicity in patients treated for malignant brain tumors. Early subclinical detection and its prevention. 329 18

Two patients treated for chronic myeloid leukemia with high doses of CCNU (1100 mg/m2 and 1240 mg/m2, respectively) developed a fatal pulmonary fibrosis. This side effect has never been reported for this nitrosourea but only for BCNU and methyl-CCNU. The responsibility of CCNU in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis seems very likely. The possibility that the underlying disease or other chemotherapeutic agents may increase the risk of pulmonary toxicity can, however, be discussed. In addition, 13 other adults treated for chronic myeloid leukemia with various doses of CCNU were reviewed. No respiratory symptoms appeared in the ten patients who were given less than 950 mg/m2. Three patients who received more than 1100 mg/m2 developed pulmonary symptoms with the same clinical and radiologic pattern as in the two cases with pathologic documents, and two of them died from acute respiratory failure. Although lung specimens were lacking from these three patients, it is suggested that the pulmonary toxicity of CCNU may be dose-related.
 ...
PMID:Pulmonary fibrosis subsequent to high doses of CCNU for chronic myeloid leukemia. 657 42

Small to intermediate cell alimentary lymphoma was diagnosed in a cat after abdominal exploratory surgery with no prior history of pulmonary disease. Initial response to several chemotherapy regimens was poor, but a long-term remission was achieved with CCNU (lomustine) and corticosteroid therapy. After receiving a total cumulative CCNU dose of 552 mg m(-2) over 12 months, an acute episode of respiratory distress occurred and the cat died. Necropsy identified severe diffuse pulmonary fibrosis and no signs of lymphoma. This is the first report of pulmonary fibrosis following high cumulative dose nitrosourea chemotherapy in a cat.
 ...
PMID:Pulmonary fibrosis after high cumulative dose nitrosourea chemotherapy in a cat. 1917 71