Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034069 (pulmonary fibrosis)
 7,050 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four cases of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis associated with nitrofurantoin therapy are analysed along with 45 other reported cases of this disease in order to review the presenting features and outcome and to determine the role of steroid therapy. Most patients were elderly (mean age, 66 years); women were more commonly affected (71%). All patients had been treated with nitrofurantoin for longer than six months (mean, 31 months). The usual presenting symptoms were dyspnoea and non-productive cough which had been present for periods for two weeks to six years (mean, 9.4 months). After cessation of nitrofurantoin therapy, the condition of 32 patients improved. In seven patients the symptoms remained unchanged. In one case, progressive deterioration of the condition ensued. There was no difference in outcome between patients who were treated with steroids and those who were not. Steroid therapy is probably not indicated in mild cases.
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PMID:Nitrofurantoin-induced interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Presentation and outcome. 657 82

For the first time in Poland we present the case of pulmonary reaction to furazidin which is by chemical structure closely related to nitrofurantoin. 63 years old woman presented generalized symptoms of acute hypersensitivity reaction induced by furazidin as well as features of chronic pulmonary fibrosis. After few months of treatment with this drug patients complained of weight loss, dyspnea on effort, non-productive cough, chills and fever. Radiological and functional evaluation of respiratory system confirmed features of lung fibrosis. Drug provocation test was positive. In vitro furazidin in low concentrations stimulated proliferation of patient's lymphocytes. After cessation of treatment we have observed rapid improvement of clinical, radiological, biochemical and functional parameters.
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PMID:[Pulmonary reaction after furazidin (Furagin). Case report]. 941 25

Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by the accumulation of excessive connective tissue in the lungs. Its causes include chronic administration of some drugs for example bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, amiodarone, procainamide, penicillamine, gold and nitrofurantoin; exposure to certain environmental factors such as gases, asbestos and silica and bacterial or fungal infections. Some systemic diseases also predispose to the disease for example rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. The disease is associated with release of oxygen radicals and some mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha TNF-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta TGF-beta, PDGF, IGF-I, ET-I and interleukins 1, 4, 8 and 13. The symptoms of the disease include dyspnea, non-productive cough, fever and damage to the lung cells. It is diagnosed with the aid of chest radiography, high resolution computed tomographic scanning and the result of pulmonary function tests. Drug-induced pulmonary fibrosis may involve release of free oxygen radicals and various cytokines for example IL-Ibeta and TNF-alpha via activation of nuclear transcription factor NF-beta as in the case of bleomycin and mitomycin or via release of TGF-beta as in case of tamoxifen or via inhibition of macrophages' and lymphocytes' phospholipases as in the case of amiodarone with the resultant accumulation of phospholipids and reduction of the immune system.
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PMID:Drug-induced pulmonary fibrosis. 1519 96

Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) is a unique pulmonary condition characterized by simultaneous coexistence of both upper lobe emphysema and lower lobe fibrosis. Pulmonologists should be aware of the entity while evaluating patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or pulmonary fibrosis. Airflow and lung volume are relatively preserved but oxygenation is disproportionately impaired in patients with CPFE. We describe a case of an 83-year-old male patient with past history of heavy smoking, in whom the search for the cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension and exercise-induced arterial oxygen desaturation disproportionate to be explained by COPD resulted in a diagnosis of CPFE. He complained of dyspnoea on exertion and non-productive cough. Physical examination revealed basal Velcro rales and clubbing. Chest radiography showed prominent vascular markings, preserved lung volume and subtle fibrosis of the bases. Definitive diagnosis was made on CT scan of the chest, which revealed upper lobe emphysema and lower lobe fibrosis and honeycombing. The patient was managed by long-term oxygen therapy, inhaled corticosteroid, long-acting bronchodilator and antimuscarinic agents, diuretic, pirfenidone (antifibrotic agent), proton pump inhibitor and N-acetyl cysteine (antioxidant). We emphasize the importance of the diagnosis of CPFE in early stages through CT in a case of COPD with clinical, laboratory and chest radiographic evidence of fibrosis and the fact that CPFE is associated with pulmonary hypertension, a poor prognostic indicator.
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PMID:HRCT diagnosis of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in a patient of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with pulmonary hypertension and clinical or radiograph suspicion of pulmonary fibrosis. 3046 2