Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034069 (pulmonary fibrosis)
 7,050 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve patients with solitary bronchiolar carcinoma had lobectomy and were followed for up to 16 years. The concept of a multicentric origin of bronchiolar carcinoma, maintained for more than eight decades, should be discarded. The neoplasm arises indolently and usually in an area of pulmonary fibrosis. After lobectomy patients can now expect to follow one of four courses: (1) to be alive and well without recurrence; (2) after several years to have pulmonary recurrence or a new carcinoma; (3) with minute spread at the time of lobectomy to have metastasis develop in a short period; or (4) to die of unrelated conditions. The overall 5-year survival with this tumor is about 75%. Late recurrence or the development of another primary tumor, however, prompts the need for prolonged follow-up. Immunologically, patients have circulating antibodies when well and demonstrable circulating antigens with recurrence. The survival rate of selected patients with solitary bronchiolar carcinoma (eliminating those patients with microscopic spread from the primary neoplasm at the time of resection and those dying of other causes) was 100% after 5 years and 75% after 10 years.
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PMID:Reappraisal of solitary bronchiolar (alveolar cell) carcinoma of the lung. 20 80

Ten patients developed pulmonary fibrosis after bischloroethylnitrosourea (BCNU) therapy for malignancy. This was lethal in seven patients, four of whom had no evidence of tumor at autopsy. Presenting symptoms were either the insidious onset of cough and dyspnea or the sudden onset of respiratory failure. Physical findings were unremarkable. Chest roentgenogram usually showed interstitial infiltrates. Pulmonary function studies showed resting hypoxia with diffusion and restrictive defects. This complication of therapy does not appear to be dose related and may be made more likely by the concomitant administration of cyclophosphamide. Prednisone therapy did not benefit most patients. The literature and the implications of the use of BCNU alone or in combination are reviewed.
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PMID:Pulmonary toxicity associated with bischloroethylnitrosourea (BCNU). 44 51

From July, 1973, to June, 1977, 25 patients in an immunosuppressed state from underlying reticuloendothelial neoplasm or associated chemotherapy, underwent open biopsy of the lung at the University of Maryland Hospital for diagnosis of unilateral diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. Eight patients were in marked respiratory distress, 13 in moderate distress, and 4 in little or no distress at the time of open lung biopsy. There were 3 postoperative deaths (12%). The operation-related morbidity was 1 out of 25 (4%). Two of the patients who died were found to have irreversible pulmonary fibrosis secondary to bleomycin drug therapy. The subsequent treatment of all 25 patients was influenced by the biopsy findings as follows: upgrading the disease stage or establishing treatment failure in 11 patients; establishing the presence of inflammatory disease in 3 patients; establishing the diagnosis of fibrosis associated with drug treatment without recurrent disease or infection in 11 patients. The preferability of open lung biopsy as opposed to transbronchial or percutaneous techniques is discussed.
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PMID:Open lung biopsy in diagnosing pulmonary infiltrates in immunosuppressed patients. 50 82

Fourteen patients with 16 metastatic ostogenic sarcoma lesions were treated with high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) with citrovorum factor rescue (CFR), adriamycin, and pulse high-dose cyclophosphamide combined with radiation therapy. Thirteen of 16 lesions responded. Responses consisted of relief of pain (6/6 patients) in bone lesions, roentgenographic and clinical evidence of decrease in the size of the bone lesions (6/7 patients), and a decrease in the size of pulmonary metastases (2/4 patients). The 2 patients whose pulmonary metastases responded to combined therapy developed pulmonary fibrosis and pneumonitis in the treated areas 3 months after radiation therapy (RT) (1400 and 1600 rads respectively). Of two bulky primary tumors that appeared to respond, both were ultimately found to contain viable tumor; a third less bulky primary tumor appeared to respond more completely. Three smaller metastatic bone lesions that were ultimately biopsied showed no evidence of active tumor. It is concluded that: 1) combination therapy (particularly HDMTX and RT) has an additive effect in controlling osteogenic sarcoma bone lesions, but bulky primary tumors cannot be completely eradicated; 2) although synergistic in treating osteogenic sarcoma, combination therapy can produce enhanced toxicity in surrounding normal lung tissue; and 3) combination therapy is of value in the palliative treatment of metastatic lesions other than that of lung, and in the treatment of small primary bone lesions. However, experience to date does not justify the delay in surgical ablation of a primary lesion in a child who presents without metastatic disease.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy in the treatment of metastatic osteogenic sarcoma. 107 40

Fifty-five-degree oblique hilar tomography is an accurate and simple means of evaluating hilar anatomy and pathology. It is of most value in proving the hilum to be normal in cases in which plain chest roentgenograms suggest a hilar lesion. It is accurate in differentiating hilar adenopathy from hilar masses and in both of these it is helpful in determining the extent and bilaterality of the disease process. Unfortunately, granulomatous infiltrates within the hilum cannot be differentiated from tumor. The procedure is of limited value in the presence of diffuse perihilar pulmonary fibrosis, and at this time caution must be advised in the interpretation of small, unilateral, ill-defined hilar densities as tumors.
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PMID:55 degrees oblique hilar tomography. 124 65

Metabolic inactivation of bleomycin (BLM) by cysteine proteinase-like enzymes is thought to be a major mechanism of BLM tumor resistance. We now report that the human colon carcinoma COLO-205 is highly resistant to BLM and that E-64, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor, sensitizes COLO-205 to BLM. Treatment of COLO-205-bearing nude mice with either E-64 (40 mg/kg) or BLM (10 mg/kg) alone did not inhibit COLO-205 growth. However, pretreatment with E-64 prior to BLM prevented these xenografts from growing. Analysis by high performance liquid chromatography of in vivo BLM metabolism following [3H]BLM A2 treatment of COLO-205-bearing nude mice showed a different metabolic profile among the various organs and the tumor. Whereas [3H]BLM A2 was the only major radioactive peak detected in sera and tumors, several metabolites, including deamido-BLM A2, were found in kidney, liver, and lung as early as 15 min. Pretreatment of mice with E-64 inhibited tumor, kidney, and lung BLM A2 metabolism. Furthermore, pretreatment with E-64 increased BLM A2 accumulation in tumors (6.1-fold), kidney (4.0-fold), lung (2.8-fold), liver (1.8-fold), and serum (1.7-fold). E-64 pretreatment did not enhance the major toxicity of BLM, pulmonary fibrosis, as determined by both lung hydroxyproline levels and histopathology. Thus, the cysteine proteinase inhibitor E-64 affects the metabolic fate and the levels of accumulation of BLM in vivo. These results demonstrate that resistance of human COLO-205 tumors to BLM can be circumvented by E-64 without enhancement of the major side effect of BLM, suggesting a possible clinical use of this combination therapy.
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PMID:In vivo circumvention of human colon carcinoma resistance to bleomycin. 137 81

Herein we report a case of pulmonary fibrosis secondary to chronic administration of nitrofurantoin following radical surgery for a bladder tumor and urinary intestinal diversion. The patient developed pulmonary superinfection and acute respiratory failure. She initially responded to treatment, but relapsed after two weeks. She died from the underlying disease.
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PMID:[Pulmonary fibrosis secondary to nitrofurantoin]. 151 May 1

We report a case of pulmonary fibrosis from long-term furantoin therapy after radical surgery for a bladder tumor and urinary intestinal diversion. The patient developed pulmonary superinfection and acute respiratory failure. She initially responded to treatment, but relapsed two weeks later. The underlying pathological condition led to the patient's death.
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PMID:[Pulmonary fibrosis secondary to nitrofurantoin]. 158 21

On the base of 3 cases of mandibular osteosarcoma, the current role of surgery is specified. The most often used procedure is Rosen's protocol, which includes: preoperative chemotherapy, radical surgery with reconstruction, and postoperative chemotherapy. The key element is the pathological study of the surgical specimen. This will determine the response of the tumor to preoperative chemotherapy and, by comparing the histology of the initial biopsy specimen to that of the surgical specimen, will be used as a basis to select the postoperative chemotherapy. For this type of tumor, chemotherapy has completely substituted for radiation therapy, which is no longer used in the initial treatment. Prophylactic lung radiation therapy has also been given up due to the risks of pulmonary fibrosis entailed by the effective doses. Surgery still has a role of choice in the therapeutic schedule, even if it cannot be contemplated as the sole treatment. Considering the usually young age of the patients, we currently think that reconstruction must be immediate and must resort to all the techniques likely to produce the best possible functional and morphological result.
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PMID:[Osteosarcomas of the mandible]. 162 94

We reported 29 kidneys with angiomyolipoma in 23 patients (14 women and 9 men). One of these cases was associated with tuberous sclerosis. Their age ranged from 20 to 82 years (mean 48.9). Six patients had bilateral renal involvement and 7 had multiple lesions in one kidney. Synchronous renal tumors were noted in three patients. One patient was associated with renal cell carcinoma, and the other two patients with transitional cell carcinoma. Nineteen tumors in 16 patients were larger than 4 cm. Among them 93.8% (15/16 patients) were symptomatic and tumor hemorrhage was found in 57.9% (11/19 kidneys). Of these patients, 17 renal units underwent surgical intervention (including 8 total nephrectomy, 7 partial nephrectomy and 2 enucleation of tumor). Preoperative diagnosis was made in 82.4% (14/17) with combined imaging of sonogram and CT scan. One patient received embolization only. There were two mortalities: one patient with tumor rupture who received emergent nephrectomy but died of irreversible hypovolemic shock, and the other with tuberous sclerosis and pulmonary fibrosis who received embolization for spontaneous rupture of tumor but expired due to respiratory failure. Among nine patients receiving renal preserving operation, the post-operative effective renal plasma flow of the affected kidneys ranged from 96 to 184 ml/min (mean 131.7 ml/min). There was no evidence of recurrence during a mean followup of 2.6 years. Eight asymptomatic patients with 9 renal masses had incidental angiomyolipoma and did not undergo exploration. We did not note any progression of the lesions in the cases under observation for a mean followup of 2.6 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Renal angiomyolipoma: experience of 23 patients. 165 40


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