Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034069 (pulmonary fibrosis)
 7,050 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six cases of miliary pneumonia are reported, in which the marked increase in antibody titers showed that Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the probable cause. The clinical picture of these patients showed an acute and severe onset, with the appearance of diffuse alveolitis. The outcome of the disease depended on the time of initiation of treatment in relationship to the onset of symptoms. One case was seen to progress to fibrosing alveolitis with persistent impairment of diffusion. This observation suggests the possibility that some cases of pulmonary fibrosis of unknown aetiology may be due to previous mycoplasmal infection.
Infection 1976
PMID:Miliary mycoplasmal pneumonia: a report of six cases. 95 95

The histologic changes in transbronchial lung biopsy specimens of heart-lung transplant patients were graded during episodes of acute rejection and when patients were well. Infection was strictly excluded from all episodes studied. Grade of severity of rejection was determined by the magnitude and extent of the inflammatory infiltrate. Biopsy specimens, obtained 1 year after the initial biopsies, were examined for histologic evidence of airway submucosal fibrosis, and each patient's clinical status at this time was recorded. The biopsy material from 22 long-term survivors was studied. On 16 occasions the specimens showed no evidence of rejection (grade 0). Twelve of these sets of specimens were from clinically well patients, and four were from the patients who had clinical evidence of rejection. The other six sets of specimens, from clinically well patients, showed evidence of rejection: three grade 1 and three grade 2. One year later, the clinically well patients had normal biopsy histology without fibrosis and normal lung function. Bronchiolitis obliterans had not developed in any patient. There were 27 episodes of rejection in the 22 patients, of which 23 were confirmed histologically. Eleven sets of specimens had grade 1 acute rejection, eight grade 2, and four grade 3. Three of these patients died, and bronchiolitis obliterans was confirmed at necropsy. Lung fibrosis was more common in specimens taken after 1 year, and lung function was depressed in these patients. The histologic grading of transbronchial lung biopsy material, although still in the early stages of development, provides some predictive value to the long-term outcome of the lung transplant patient, in development of both bronchiolitis obliterans and lesser fibrotic changes.
 ...
PMID:Histologic prognostic indicators for the lung allografts of heart-lung transplants. 235 70

Results of a prospective lung function study are presented for 48 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated with total body irradiation (TBI) and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) at the Royal Marsden Hospital between 1978 and 1980. Patients with active disease or who were in remission following cytoreductive chemotherapy had mildly impaired gas exchange prior to grafting. After TBI and BMT all patients studied developed progressive deterioration of lung function during the first 100 days, although these changes were subclinical. Infection and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) were associated with further worsening of restrictive ventilatory defects and diffusing capacity (DLCO). Beyond 100 days, ventilatory ability returned to normal and gas transfer improved, although it failed to reach pre-transplant levels. There was no evidence of progressive pulmonary fibrosis during the first year after grafting.
 ...
PMID:Lung function after bone marrow grafting. 633 47

Lung transplantation is a successful alternative treatment for a variety of end-stage lung diseases. The first 20 lung transplants performed in Louisiana between November 1990 and July 1994 are reported from Ochsner Foundation Hospital. Transplant procedures included 1 heart-lung, 11 bilateral sequential lung, and 8 single-lung transplants in 8 males and 11 females (1 retransplantation). The average age was 38 years (range 7-60), and the median waiting time was 34.5 days (range 1-329). Indications for transplant included emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, and bronchiolitis obliterans. Overall 1-year and 3-year survival were 65.0% and 58.5%, respectively. Infection was the major cause of morbidity and mortality. Rejection episodes were observed but treated successfully in all 20 patients. Lung transplantation has proved to be a successful treatment for a variety of severely limiting and terminal pulmonary conditions for patients in our state.
 ...
PMID:Lung transplantation in Louisiana: report of the first twenty lung transplants performed in the state. 789 Oct 1

Infection of the larynx by Candida is rare and usually accompanies lung or disseminated candidiasis. The incidence of isolated laryngeal candidiasis (ILC) is low, although it may be underestimated. We describe 2 patients with ILC confirmed during autopsy: a 45-years-old male with pulmonary fibrosis and a 4-years-old girl with acute myeloblastic leukemia. Hoarseness and dysphagia are the most common symptoms of ILC. The most effective diagnostic technique is laryngoscopy with specimen culture and/or histopathology. Specimens usually show whitish plaques on the larynx. Most ILC patients have some associated disease and/or predisposing factors, with frequent antibiotic treatment prior to the advent of candidiasis. Intravenous amphotericin B provides the most effective therapy, although other antimycotics are also useful. Early diagnosis and initiation of therapy curtail the disease and can prevent systemic dissemination.
 ...
PMID:[Isolated laryngeal candidiasis. Description of 2 cases and review of the literature]. 868 20

We describe a 40-year-old man with limited scleroderma who presented with acute heart failure following a flu-like illness. He was known to have incomplete left anterior bundle branch block, initial isolated pulmonary hypertension with enlarged right atrium, and no pulmonary fibrosis. He received therapy for acute heart failure and was transferred to a scleroderma centre for specific treatment of scleroderma cardiomyopathy. Investigations showed raised inflammatory markers and diffuse hyperechogenic thickening of the myocardium on echocardiography. Contrast-enhanced (Gd-DOTA) cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CV-MRI) showed multiple areas of non-homogeneous delayed hyperenhancement in the left ventricle, suggestive of myocarditis. Antiadenovirus IgM antibodies were detected with a titer consistent with recent infection. Six weeks later a repeat Gd-DOTA CV-MRI showed an almost complete resolution of the areas of hyperenhancement and there was a significant reduction in the adenovirus antibody titer with serological conversion to IgG. To our knowledge this is the first report of viral myocarditis in scleroderma. Infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality in this disease and should always be included in the differential diagnosis of cardiac symptoms. We propose that contrast-enhanced CV-MRI is valuable in a non-invasive diagnosis of heart disease in patients with scleroderma.
 ...
PMID:Acute myocarditis associated with adenoviral infection in a patient with scleroderma. 1467 36

Infection with the murine gammaherpesvirus MHV-68 has profound effects on splenic and mediastinal lymph node pathology in mice which lack the interferon-gamma receptor (IFN-gamma R(-/-)). In these mice MHV-68 infection causes fibrosis and loss of lymphocytes in the spleen and the mediastinal lymph node as well as interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and fibrotic changes in the liver. The changes are associated with transient elevated latent virus loads in the spleen. Four independent virus mutants with insertions and/or deletions in the left end of the genome fail to induce the pathological changes and establish latency at normal levels in the spleen. The data indicate that the pathology does not correlate with any of the known genes encoded within this region of the genome, genes M1-M4 and the eight vtRNAs. Northern analysis of mRNAs transcribed by wild-type and mutant viruses shows that at least two uncharacterized transcripts are encoded within this region. These transcripts are absent in the mutant viruses and are candidates for the virus genes responsible for the aberrant pathology in IFN-gamma R(-/-) mice.
 ...
PMID:Identification of a region of the virus genome involved in murine gammaherpesvirus 68-induced splenic pathology. 1516 21

Several respiratory viruses, including influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), produce more severe disease in the elderly, yet the molecular mechanisms governing age-related susceptibility remain poorly studied. Advanced age was significantly associated with increased SARS-related deaths, primarily due to the onset of early- and late-stage acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pulmonary fibrosis. Infection of aged, but not young, mice with recombinant viruses bearing spike glycoproteins derived from early human or palm civet isolates resulted in death accompanied by pathological changes associated with ARDS. In aged mice, a greater number of differentially expressed genes were observed than in young mice, whose responses were significantly delayed. Differences between lethal and nonlethal virus phenotypes in aged mice could be attributed to differences in host response kinetics rather than virus kinetics. SARS-CoV infection induced a range of interferon, cytokine, and pulmonary wound-healing genes, as well as several genes associated with the onset of ARDS. Mice that died also showed unique transcriptional profiles of immune response, apoptosis, cell cycle control, and stress. Cytokines associated with ARDS were significantly upregulated in animals experiencing lung pathology and lethal disease, while the same animals experienced downregulation of the ACE2 receptor. These data suggest that the magnitude and kinetics of a disproportionately strong host innate immune response contributed to severe respiratory stress and lethality. Although the molecular mechanisms governing ARDS pathophysiology remain unknown in aged animals, these studies reveal a strategy for dissecting the genetic pathways by which SARS-CoV infection induces changes in the host response, leading to death.
 ...
PMID:Early upregulation of acute respiratory distress syndrome-associated cytokines promotes lethal disease in an aged-mouse model of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. 1942 84

The aim of this comparative study was to investigate the development of clinical signs and accompanying haematological, coproscopic and pathological findings as a basis for the monitoring of health condition of Angiostrongylus vasorum infected dogs. Six beagles were orally inoculated with 50 (n=3) or 500 (n=3) A. vasorum third stage larvae (L3) obtained from experimentally infected Biomphalaria glabrata snails. Two dogs were treated with moxidectin/imidacloprid spot-on solution and two further dogs with an oral experimental compound 92 days post infection (dpi), and were necropsied 166 dpi. Two untreated control dogs were necropsied 97 dpi. Prepatency was 47-49 days. Dogs inoculated with 500 L3 exhibited earlier (from 42 dpi) and more severe respiratory signs. Clinical signs resolved 12 days after treatment and larval excretion stopped within 20 days in all four treated dogs. Upon necropsy, 10 and 170 adult worms were recovered from the untreated dogs inoculated with 50 and 500 L3, respectively. Adult worms were also found in two treated dogs, in the absence of L1 or eggs. Despite heavy A. vasorum infection load and severe pulmonary changes including vascular thrombosis, only mild haematological changes were observed. Eosinophilia was absent but the presence of plasma cells was observed. Neutrophilic leucocytes showed a transient increase but only after treatment. Signs for coagulopathies were slight; nevertheless coagulation parameters were inoculation dose dependent. Ten weeks after treatment pulmonary fibrosis was still present. Infections starting from 50 L3 of A. vasorum had a massive impact on lung tissues and therefore on the health of affected dogs, particularly after prepatency, although only mild haematological abnormalities were evident.
 ...
PMID:Clinical, laboratory and pathological findings in dogs experimentally infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum. 2070 Jun 4

Infection with Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is affecting about 3% of the world's population, leading to liver damage, end-stage liver disease, and development of hepatocellular carcinoma, being thus the first indication for liver transplantation in the USA. Apart from the cirrhotic-liver-derived clinical signs and symptoms several conditions with immunological origin can also arise, such as, glomerulonephritis, pulmonary fibrosis, and thrombocytopenia. HCV-related autoimmune thrombocytopenia shows specific pathogenetic characteristics as well as symptoms and signs that differ in severity and frequency from symptoms in patients that are not HCV infected. Aim of this short paper is to estimate the epidemiological characteristics of the disease, to investigate the pathogenesis and clinical manifestation, and to propose treatment strategies according to the pertinent literature.
 ...
PMID:Immunological HCV-associated thrombocytopenia: short review. 2282 50


1 2 Next >>