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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A comparative study of chest roentgenograms and the value of RV/TLC% in determining degree of emphysema of patients with pneumoconiosis and workers exposed to dust was made in 400 cases. Accordance rate of RV/TLC% with roentgenograms in determining emphysema in the same subjects was 61.1% and that in the patients group, 67.7%. Moreover, the accordance rate increased with grade of pneumoconiosis diagnosed. The results showed that RV/TLC% was valuable in determining emphysema of patients with pneumoconiosis. The classes of degree of emphysema were proposed according to the testing value of RV/TLC%.
Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1991 Jun
PMID:[The value of residual volume testing in determining degree of emphysema in patients with pneumoconiosis]. 178 57

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) dust has generally been regarded as a "nuisance dust" in experimental animals and men. In this experiment, 16 dogs were exposed intratracheally to TiO2 dust for 9-15 months. The scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (SEM-EDAX), performed to identify the elemental composition of dust particles used in the study and in the focal lesions of the lungs, showed that dust particles were nearly pure titanium. Dust in the lung deposited mainly in the respiratory bronchioles and adjacent alveoli, with many alveoli filled by compacted dust particles. The pulmonary responses consisted of slight alveolitis, centrilobular emphysema, focal collapse of alveoli, and fibroblast hyperplasia with a few collagen fibres surrounding some of the TiO2-dust foci. Electron microscopically, many alveolar macrophages with intact nuclei contained a great amount of dust particles in their lysosomes, and in the dust foci, most of type I pneumocytes disappeared and type I pneumocytes showed hyperplasia. The alveolar subepithelial basement membrane were markedly thickened and bundles of collagen fibres were formed in the interstice. These findings suggest that TiO2 dust is one of the sorts which probably induce mild lung fibrosis in case a large amount is deposited in the lung tissue.
Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1989 Mar
PMID:[Pathogenic effects of titanium dioxide dust on the lung of dogs--a histopathological and ultrastructural study]. 279 52

The objective of this study was to investigate the possible anti-asthma role of Cetirizine. Forty asthmatics were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group had 30 patients. Among them were 10 patients with simple asthma, 5 patients complicated by mild emphysema, 6 patients complicated by moderate emphysema and 9 patients complicated by severe emphysema. Vit-C (control) group had 10 cases, including 2 cases of simple asthma, 6 cases complicated by mild emphysema and 2 cases complicated by moderate emphysema. All patients had a single oral dose of 5 mg Cetirizine or 0.1 g Vit-C blindly. Before and 0.5, 1 hour after their medicines, the resistance of airway (Raw), sGaw and MEFV were examined in all patients on 6200 Plethysmograph. The measured values showed a significant improvement of Raw and sGaw after administration of Cetirizine. In half an hour after Cetirizine, the Raw decreased by 20.408%, and sGaw increased by 28.249%. In one hour after Cetirizine, Raw further decreased by 24.34% and sGaw increased by 41.153% (P < 0.001). The FVC in MEFV increased by 4.96% (P < 0.02) in one hour after Cetirizine, but other parameters in MEFV curve (PEF, FEV1, MMEF) had no significant changes. All parameters in control group had no significant changes (P > 0.05). The results indicate that Cetirizine could decrease Raw in asthmatics, improve their lung ventilatory function. Cetirizine is a new H-receptor antagonist usually used as anti-inflammatory and allergy suppression medication. It is shown that Cetirizine is a promising anti-asthma agent in treating bronchial asthma.
Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1996 Dec
PMID:[Cetirizine improves the resistance of airway and pulmonary function in patients with asthma]. 938 15

Resistance of airway (Raw), sGaw and Maximal expiratory flowvolume curve (MEFV) were measured in 35 normal subject, 43 patients with remission asthma and 100 patients with remission chronic bronchitis (some complicated by obstructive emphysema). The measured values showed that in simple asthma Raw was significantly higher than that in normal subject and in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB), but MEFV was in normal range. In chronic bronchitis the value of Raw was higher than that in normal subject, but lower than that in asthma (0.05 > P > 0.02); however the FEV1, MMEF, V75 in the curve of MEFV were significantly decreased at the stage of COB, with the most remarkable decrease in MMEF. The results suggest that Raw is a sentitive test for diagnosis of simple asthma, in addition to MEFV measurement; it may be helpful for differential diagnosis of simple asthma and COB and may has potential value for clinical practice.
Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1996 Sep
PMID:[Value of measuring resistance of airway for diagnosis of asthma]. 938 68

Using the principle that the difference of MIP (maximal inspiratory mouth pressure) between RV (residual volume) and FRC (functional residual capacity) equals Prs (recoil pressure of the respiratory system) at RV, we performed the measurement of Prs at RV in 20 normal subjects, 90 patients with COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and 15 patients with ILF (interstitial lung fibrosis). We also performed the correlation analysis of Prs at RV and RV/TLC (total lung capacity) %. The results indicated the Prs values at RV (-2.8 +/- 0.5 kPa) in normal subjects measured in this manner was in accord with the values reported by other authors abroad. The Prs in patients with emphysema decreased and it was highly and negatively correlated with RV/TLC% (r = -0.872), but the Prs in patients with ILF was increased. The results suggest that this method for measurement of Prs is simple, reliable, and clinically useful.
Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1999 Dec
PMID:[Measurement and clinical use of recoil pressure of the respiratory system]. 1138 58

This study sought to analyse the mechanism on the formation of configurations of F-V curve and their transformation rule in COPD and cor pulmonale patients with wave-speed theory. The F-V curves were measured in 90 COPD patients (43 with chronic bronchitis, 47 with emphysema) and 31 complicated with cor pulmonale, all of them were in the ameliorated period. The indices selected were FVC, V75, V50, V25. Both the measured value and the measured value/predicted value (%) of all indices showed chronic bronchitis > emphysema > cor pulmonale. Never was there the concave type of normal humans in the F-V curves of COPD and cor pulmonale patients; however, the convex type was much increased in the curves and the hyperbolic type specific to COPD and cor pulmonale appeared. The mechanisms of formation for plateau, convex and hyperbolic types were analysed with the wave-speed theory. In summary, the unifying rule for the transformation of F-V curve configuration from normal adolescents to old persons, smokers, COPD and cor pulmonale patients in various degrees can be outlined as, concave type normality convex type abnormality hyperbolic type. This implicates a unifying process of pulmonary functions from healthy state to weakness and from slight to serious abnormality.
Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2000 Sep
PMID:[Configurations of F-V curve and their transformation rule in COPD patients analysed with wave-speed theory]. 1254 42