Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of the paper was the analysis of 1450 laparoscopic procedures performed in the Clinic of Gynecology--IOG PMA in Szczecin in the years from 1974 to 1992. The above number include 320 laparoscopic operations. In the analyzed three five-year periods, the number of laparoscopies increased twofold, while in the years 1989-1992 it constituted 26.8% of all the operative procedures. Indication for laparoscopy in 74.6% of cases was sterility, in 13.38% pelvic pain of undefined etiology, in 7.7% ectopic pregnancy, 1.8% oncologic indications, in 0.5% internal ones, in 0.3% sterilization and others in 1.6%. Among operative laparoscopies electrocoagulation of endometriosis was carried out in 46.6% of cases, resection of intraperitoneal adhesions in 27.5%, in the region of abdominal orifices of oviducts in 7.5%, ectopic pregnancy operations in 7.2%, excision of ovarian cysts in 6.6% as well as extirpation of myomas in 4.7%. At the analyzed period the following complications were disclosed, namely: interstitial lesion in 2 cases, hemorrhage from inferior epigastric artery in 1 and subcutaneous emphysema in 34 cases.
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PMID:[Nineteen years of laparoscopy in the gynecology clinic IPG PAM]. 130 76

Inherited or "acquired" deficiency of alpha 1-antitrypsin (believed to be the cause of pulmonary emphysema) will probably be treated in the future by replacement with alpha 1-antitrypsin purified from human plasma or produced by recombinant DNA, which seems promising because it permits site-specific mutagenesis in the oxidizable active site of the normal human alpha 1-antitrypsin. The aim of this in-vitro study was to investigate the elastase inhibitory activity and the resistance to oxidizing agents of normal human alpha 1-antitrypsin, a recombinant yeast-produced variant (VAL 358) and a recombinant E. coli-produced variant (LEU 358). The inhibitors were exposed to chemical oxidants (NCS, H2O2, xanthine/xanthine oxidase, chloramine-T) and to PMA-activated neutrophils. The elastase inhibitory activity was assayed on porcine pancreatic elastase and neutrophil elastase. Normal alpha 1-antitrypsin and VAL 358 variant were good inhibitors of both elastases. LEU 358 variant was the best inhibitor for neutrophil elastase, but it poorly inhibited the porcine pancreatic elastase. Normal alpha 1-antitrypsin was affected by all oxidants; both variants were almost totally resistant to chemical oxidants and to activated neutrophils. We conclude that recombinant alpha 1-antitrypsin variants differ in their elastase inhibitory activity and offer increased resistance to oxidant agents.
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PMID:Alpha 1-antitrypsin variants produced by recombinant DNA: differences in elastase inhibitory activity and resistance to oxidant agents. 210 1

In smoking subjects with obvious emphysema, the interaction between neutrophil-derived MPO and H2O2 produced by alveolar inflammatory cells (alveolar macrophages (AM) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN)) has the ability to spontaneously inactivate, in vitro, the alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor (alpha 1PI). This inactivation can induce a desequilibrium of the protease-antiprotease balance in the lungs. In this study, we investigated the ability of glutathione to protect alpha 1PI. In a cellular model of alpha 1PI inactivation mimicking the effects of alveolar inflammatory cells present in the lower respiratory tract of smoking patients with emphysema, we demonstrated that glutathione can protect alpha 1PI against the oxidative inactivation by these activated cells. This protection has been computed in a cellular experimentation (AM and MPO-system) with a 50% inhibitory concentration of 62 microM. Moreover, glutathione has an important inhibitory effect directly on H2O2 released by PMA-stimulated AM (IC50 = 30 microM) or PMA stimulated PMN (IC50 = 70 microM). The mechanism, which governs glutathione may be a result of a scavenging effect on H2O2 as demonstrated in a free cellular experiment. With this in vitro demonstrated effectiveness, glutathione as a therapeutic antioxidant, via the aerosol, has been proposed, in order to prevent tissue damage, inflicted by an excess of activated phagocytic cells, in some lung diseases such as smoking patients with emphysema.
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PMID:Protective role of glutathione on alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor inactivation by the myeloperoxidase system. Hypothetic study for therapeutic strategy in the management of smokers' emphysema. 772 Dec 28

Toxic oxygen free radicals are believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of a number of respiratory diseases. In particular, pulmonary emphysema may occur because of the oxidative impairment of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha 1-PI). We report in vitro data on a new thiol agent, P 1507 [N-5-(thioxo-L-prolyl)-L-cysteine], obtained in a series of experiments designed in view of its therapeutic potential in these clinical conditions. We found that P 1507 at the concentration of 5 x 10(-6) M was able to almost fully abolish the PMA-triggered PMN-induced oxidative impairment of alpha 1-PI. Protection may be due to the radical scavenger ability of P 1507, that markedly reduced superoxide anion production from PMNs. We also found that P 1507 did not significantly impair other defence mechanisms of PMNs (i.e. phagocytosis, chemotaxis and bactericidal activity). The release of cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-8) from monocytes was not altered in the presence of P 1507. We conclude that the compound P 1507 may be considered for treatment of clinical conditions characterized by overload of oxidants, on the basis of its ability in preventing the oxidative damage of alpha 1-PI and of a lack of unwanted inhibitory effects towards defence mechanisms of phagocytes.
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PMID:Interactions of P 1507, a new antioxidant agent, with phagocyte functions. 774 Oct 36