Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A double-blind crossover trial of prednisolone was conducted in 70 patients of chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD). Emphysema dominated the clinical picture in 38, rest being chronic bronchitis with varying degrees of air trapping. None of the patients had clinical asthma. All the patients had obtained maximal benefit from an optimal dose of bronchodilators prior to entering the study. Prednisolone in a dose of 0.8 mg/kg was prescribed in a double blind crossover manner with identical appearing placebo tablets. Patients were evaluated on a weekly basis for an objective as well as a subjective response and side effects of therapy. Thirty-four patients demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in pulmonary functions. In 20 others only subjective response was observed. A good objective response was predicted by a pre-study variability in FEV1, disease duration of less than 10 years and a history of smoking less than 50 pack years.
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PMID:Role of corticosteroids in the management of chronic obstructive lung disease: factors predicting response. 152 75

A 35-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of severe coughing and right-sided chest pain. She had worked on a farm for 13 years. For the preceding 2 years, she noticed a productive cough, a mild fever, and dyspnea after working in a barn for longer than 6 hours. Chest radiological examinations revealed low lung volumes, especially in the right upper lobe, and diffuse small granular shadows in both lung fields. Pathological examinations of lung specimens, which were obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy, showed alveolitis and granulomas in the interstitium. Micropolyspora faeni organisms were detected in hay from the barn. A M. faeni serum precipitation test revealed that her serum had antibodies against that organism. From these findings, we gave her a diagnosis of chronic farmer's lung. Prednisolone was given because her dyspnea and hypoxemia had increased. During the steroid treatment, bilateral pneumothorax and mediastinal emphysema developed. Bullae were removed surgically because she did not respond well to medical treatment. Although steroid administration may have caused these complications, bilateral pneumothorax and mediastinal emphysema are rare in patients with chronic farmer's lung.
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PMID:[Farmer's lung complicated by bilateral pneumothorax and mediastinal emphysema]. 929 99

A 38-year-old man was diagnosed as having acute myelogenous leukemia in December 2001. He achieved a complete remission after undergoing three courses of induction chemotherapy. As the patient's prognosis was considered to be poor, he was then treated with a bone marrow transplant from his HLA 1 antigen mismatched sister in May 2002. Grade 2 skin graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) developed on day 14 but reduced with methylprednisolone (mPSL). Prednisolone (PSL) was discontinued on day 104, and the patient was discharged on day 112. There was no evidence of clinical chronic GVHD, the serum creatinine level remained high, and cyclosporine (CsA) was gradually tapered off and discontinued on day 165. However chronic GVHD of the skin appeared on day 179, and CsA (100 mg/day) was restarted. On day 186 he was admitted to our hospital complaining of fever. A CT scan of the chest demonstrated bilateral interstitial infiltrates, which were considered as lung GVHD lesions and PSL was started, following which chronic GVHD of the skin and liver improved. The lung GVHD worsened, however, subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema developed and the patient died on day 206. Interstitial pneumonia had progressively worsened as the manifestation of the chronic lung GVHD. We concluded that this clinical course was rare.
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PMID:[Acute myelogenous leukemia with mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema following chronic GVHD after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation]. 1644 Jul 61

A 65-year-old man who was occupationally exposed to asbestos for 40 years was admitted to our hospital with fever and cough. Chest CT revealed paraseptal emphysema, subpleural fibrosis in both lungs, and pleural plaques. On bronchoalveolar lavage fluid contained elevated levels of lymphocytes and neutrophils (15% and 17%, respectively), and asbestos bodies were also found. Because serum MPO-ANCA titer was elevated to 188 EU, we suspected ANCA-associated disease with interstitial pneumonia. Prednisolone was begun at 30 mg/day and his lung opacities partially disappeared. Six weeks later, he complained of headache, dysphagia and hoarseness, and was admitted to the neurology department of the hospital. Under a diagnosis of either hypertrophic pachymeningitis or neuritis due to angiitis of the lower cranial nerves, steroid pulse therapy was performed. Asbestos exposure may have been a contributing factor for ANCA generation in this case. Furthermore, the fact that cranial nerves palsy occurred in spite of steroid therapy may also be important.
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PMID:[Patient with MPO-ANCA-associated disease with interstitial pneumonia and lower cranial nerves palsy who was previously exposed to asbestos]. 2114 Oct 70

A 7-year-old girl presented with subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum (PM), pneumoretroperitoneum, and pneumothorax caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP). The patient had been treated with clarithromycin for pneumonia at another hospital; however, her condition deteriorated and complications developed. Soon after admission to our hospital, we started the patient on minocycline and prednisolone, and the complications improved promptly. Laboratory data showed serum ferritin and urinary beta-2-microglobulin levels were greatly elevated. We therefore speculated that the patient might have underlying hypercytokinemia. Prednisolone is an effective treatment for hypercytokinemia. We therefore recommend prednisolone treatment for cases of severe M. pneumoniae pneumonia that do not respond to antimicrobial agents.
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PMID:A 7-year-old girl with subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and pneumoretroperitoneum caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. 2190 97