Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We investigated whether systemically administered EP2 receptor agonists would stimulate angiogenesis in the emphysematous lungs of mice. Saline or porcine pancreatic elastase was intratracheally administered to C57BL/6J mice to induce the formation of emphysematous lesions, and 4 weeks later the mice were intraperitoneally injected with an EP2 receptor agonist, ONO-AE1-259 or PGE2, or saline on days 1-5 each week for 3 weeks. Intraperitoneal ONO-AE1-259 in the mice in the intratracheal saline group increased pulmonary capillary volume to 114.9% of the control value (P<0.05), and when administered to the intratracheal elastase group, ONO-AE1-259 partially restored pulmonary capillary volume, from 70.9% of the control value to 88.3% of the control value (P<0.05). Intraperitoneal PGE2 tended to increase pulmonary capillary volume in the mice in the intratracheal saline group (P=0.07) but not in the intratracheal elastase group. Intraperitoneal ONO-AE1-259 and PGE2 each increased the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in circulating blood. These results suggest that systemically administered ONO-AE1-259 stimulates pulmonary angiogenesis in an elastase-induced murine model of emphysema.
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PMID:A systemically administered EP2 receptor agonist stimulates pulmonary angiogenesis in a murine model of emphysema. 1976 69

Lymphangioma rarely presents as a solitary pulmonary lesion. We encountered a case of solitary cystic lymphangioma and present its clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical findings. A 2-month-old boy was referred to the hospital after developing a persistent cough. Chest X-ray showed a large cyst in the right lung. Under the preoperative diagnosis of bronchogenic cyst, he underwent right lower lobectomy at the age of 11 months. The resected specimen contained a 5.5-cm septate cystic lesion. Microscopically, the lesion consisted of a large cystic space and interconnected slit-like spaces surrounding bronchovascular islands. The cyst was lined by a monolayer of flat cells with focal multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemically, the cells lining the cystic lesion were positive for D2-40, Prox1, CD34, and CD31, and weakly positive for VEGFR-3, but were negative for AE1/3, HMB45, VEGF-A, VFGF-C, VEGFR-1. Differential diagnoses included lobar or interstitial emphysema, bronchogenic cyst, congenital pulmonary airway malformation and alveolar adenoma. D2-40 and Prox1 were useful in differentiation and in determining the extent of the lesion. A review of the literature found only 15 cases of solitary pulmonary lymphangioma. In younger patients, the lesions tend to occupy more of the lung. Focal giant cell reaction has not been described in the reported papers.
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PMID:Solitary intrapulmonary cystic lymphangioma in an infant: a case report with literature review. 2095 34

Body weight loss is a common manifestation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly those with severe emphysema. Adipose angiogenesis is a key mediator of adipogenesis and use of pro-angiogenic agents may serve as a therapeutic option for lean COPD patients. Since angiogenesis is stimulated by PGE2, we examined whether ONO-AE1-259, a selective E-prostanoid (EP) 2 receptor agonist, might promote adipose angiogenesis and adipogenesis in a murine model of elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema (EIE mice). Mice were intratracheally instilled with elastase or saline, followed after 4 weeks by intraperitoneal administration of ONO-AE1-259 for 4 weeks. The subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) weight decreased in the EIE mice, whereas in the EIE mice treated with ONO-AE1-259, the SAT weight was largely restored, which was associated with significant increases in SAT adipogenesis, angiogenesis, and VEGF protein production. In contrast, ONO-AE1-259 administration induced no alteration in the weight of the visceral adipose tissue. These results suggest that in EIE mice, ONO-AE1-259 stimulated adipose angiogenesis possibly via VEGF production, and thence, adipogenesis. Our data pave the way for the development of therapeutic interventions for weight loss in emphysema patients, e.g., use of pro-angiogenic agents targeting the adipose tissue vascular component.
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PMID:Promotion of adipogenesis by an EP2 receptor agonist via stimulation of angiogenesis in pulmonary emphysema. 2491 47

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often associated with co-morbidities. Metabolic disorders like hyperlipidemia and diabetes occur also in underweight COPD patients, although the mechanism is uncertain. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) plays an important role in energy homeostasis, since restricted capacity to increase fat cell number with increase in fat cell size occurring instead, is associated with lipotoxicity and metabolic disorders. The aim of this study is to show the protective role of SAT for the metabolic disorders in pulmonary emphysema of a murine model. We found ectopic fat accumulation and impaired glucose homeostasis with wasting of SAT in a murine model of elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema (EIE mice) reared on a high-fat diet. ONO-AE1-259, a selective E-prostanoid (EP) 2 receptor agonist, improved angiogenesis and subsequently adipogenesis, and finally improved ectopic fat accumulation and glucose homeostasis with restoration of the capacity for storage of surplus energy in SAT. These results suggest that metabolic disorders like hyperlipidemia and diabetes occured in underweight COPD is partially due to the less capacity for storage of surplus energy in SAT, though the precise mechanism is uncertained. Our data pave the way for the development of therapeutic interventions for metabolic disorders in emphysema patients, e.g., use of pro-angiogenic agents targeting the capacity for storage of surplus energy in the subcutaneous adipose tissue.
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PMID:Improvement of metabolic disorders by an EP2 receptor agonist via restoration of the subcutaneous adipose tissue in pulmonary emphysema. 2826 59