Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An elastase-induced emphysema model was utilized to determine if hamsters with preexisting lung disease were more susceptible to lung damage from air pollutant exposure. Male golden hamsters, divided into two treatment groups, were given a single intratracheal injection of either 6 units of porcine pancreatic elastase (EMP) or buffer (CNT). After a 4-week recovery period, equal numbers of each group were exposed 23 hr/day X 28 day to filtered air (AIR) or to the complex by-products from a dark phase reaction mixture of trans-2-butene, ozone, and sulfur dioxide (MIX). Lung function measurements on the elastase-treated groups showed changes consistent with mild emphysema. There were no significant differences in lung volumes or lung compliance between the AIR- and MIX-exposed animals. However, the nitrogen washout slope decreased (P less than 0.05), and the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide increased (P less than 0.05) in both the CNT and EMP hamsters exposed to the MIX. The change in diffusing capacity was greater (P less than 0.05) in normal hamsters than in hamsters with emphysema, and it is hypothesized that animals with impaired lung function had a decreased ability to respond to a pulmonary insult from the mix.
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PMID:Pulmonary function in normal and elastase-treated hamsters exposed to a complex mixture of olefin-ozone-sulfur dioxide reaction products. 655 1

Current evidence suggests that skeletal muscle functional impairments present in emphysema and COPD patients may in part be a consequence of the disease condition per se. The mechanistic basis for these impairments is uncertain. Within the human population, it is difficult to control for confounding effects of concomitantly reduced activity levels. To explore this issue, malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation, and enzymes of the glutathione redox system were measured in selected hindlimb muscles of Syrian Golden hamsters 6 months following intratracheal instillation of either saline (CON, n=7) or elastase (25 U/100 g body weight, EMP, n=5) in an accepted model where physical activity levels between control and EMP groups could be equated. Excised lung volume increased with EMP (CON, 1.3+/-0.2 g; EMP, 3.2+/-0.4 g, P<0.01). MDA was increased in the gastrocnemius (CON, 238+/-87; EMP, 371+/-122 nmol/g protein, P<0.05) of EMP hamsters. Antioxidant concentrations had a disparate response; glutathione (CON, 7.68+/-1.53; and EMP, 10.25+/-0.67 &mgr;mol/g protein, P<0.01) and the activity of glutathione reductase (GR) were increased (CON, 1.87+/-0.17; and EMP, 2.46+/-0.31 U/g protein, P<0.01) in the gastrocnemius, whereas the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was decreased (CON, 12.7+/-2.65; and EMP, 9.46+/-1.88 U/g protein, P<0.05) in the vastus lateralis of EMP hamsters. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that EMP may induce oxidative stress in peripheral skeletal muscle.
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PMID:Lipid peroxidation in the skeletal muscle of hamsters with emphysema. 1203 54