Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0034067 (emphysema)
 11,506 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of ipratropium (Atrovent) 0.125 mg x 4 daily was compared to terbutalin (Bricanyl) 5 mg x 4 daily, given to 19 patients with chronic obstructive airways disease (15 with chronic bronchitis, 10 bronchial asthma, 7 pulmonary emphysema) as inhalation therapy with Monaghan IPPB-M 515, during 2 treatment periods of 3 days. The investigation was carried out as a controlled, double-blind, cross-over comparison. The effect of treatment was evaluated by measurement of PEFR, symptom scores, including the side-effects and the use of rimiterol MDI for the treatment of acute attacks. The PEFR values were all higher than the initial values (P less than 0.001) during the period of treatment (08.00-20,30 hrs). The highest values were recorded at 16.30 hrs, these were PEFR + 31.7% for the Atrovent period and PEFR + 28.0% for the Bricanyl period. No statistically significant difference was observed in the PEFR, symptom scores, side-effects and the use of rimiterol during the Atrovent and Bricanyl treatment periods. The authors suggest that Atrovent is a wellsuited alternative bronchodilatator, particularly for patients with tremor, muscle cramp, and "inner restlessness" following treatment with a beta 2-stimulator.
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PMID:A comparative study of the bronchodilatating effects of ipratropium and terbutalin inhaled with Monaghan IPPB-M 515 by 19 patients with chronic obstructive airways disease. 15 95

Airflow limitation results from loss of elastic recoil (as in emphysema), or narrowing of large and small airways from smooth muscle contraction, mucosal swelling and/or oedema, mucous plugging (as in asthma), and loss of small airways (as in COPD). Bronchodilator regimes in asthma include inhaled beta 2-agonists, but these do not reduce bronchial hyper-reactivity but act quickly and synergise with oral slow-release theophyllines (serum level 10-20 micrograms/ml), without potentiating tremor which occurs with oral beta 2-agonists. Airway inflammation as the mechanism of asthma, although fashionable, remains unproven, and clearly requires to be specified for asthma. Inhaled steroids slowly improve FEV1 in asthma and in 10-20% of COPD, and reduce hyper-reactivity. Nedocromil has yet to reveal similar potency. Clinical trial of effective anti-PAF drugs or anti-leukotriene agents are awaited, but understanding the specific asthmatic inflammation is still needed for rational therapy. In COPD combining inhaled beta 2-agonists with ipratropium--both given by a reservoir device--can be effective, along with oral slow-release theophylline and possibly inhaled steroids. New inhalation devices (i.e. modified dry powder inhalers) will be needed as the freon propellents in MDI may soon cease manufacture due to potential environmental hazards.
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PMID:Today's treatment of airway obstruction ... and tomorrow's? 257 39